Kodi mavuto azachuma amatengera kwa makolo?

Wotsatsa malonda komanso mlangizi wapa TV Maria M. amaganiza kuti anakulira m'banja losauka. Amayi ake, mayi wapakhomo, amayendetsa bajeti ya banja mwachuma kwambiri ndipo sanawononge ndalama pazinthu zina kupatula chakudya ndi ndalama zothandizira. Zochita za banja zinkaphatikizapo kuyenda m'mapaki a mumzinda ndi maulendo opita ku malo odyera kubadwa.

Maria atamaliza maphunziro ake ku yunivesite, anamva kuti bambo ake, omwe ndi katswiri wa mapulogalamu a pakompyuta, amapeza ndalama zambiri. N’chifukwa chiyani amayi anali ololera chonchi? Chifukwa chake chinali ubwana wake wosauka m'mudzimo: banja lalikulu silingathe kupeza zofunika pamoyo. Kusoŵa ndalama kosalekeza kunam’mamatira kwa moyo wake wonse, ndipo anapereka zokumana nazo zake kwa mwana wake wamkazi.

“Ndimachepetsa kwambiri bajeti,” akuvomereza motero Maria. Angakhale ndi moyo wokulirapo, koma lingaliro la kupitirira ndalama zocheperapo limamuwopsyeza: “Ndimamva kusanganikirana kwachilendo kwa mantha ndi chisangalalo champhamvu ndipo sindingathe kupanga malingaliro anga.” Maria akupitiriza kudya zakudya zoziziritsa kukhosi, sayesa kukonzanso zovala zake ndikugula kompyuta yatsopano.

DNA Yanu ya Ndalama

Maria "anadwala" chifukwa cha kusamala kwambiri ndi amayi ake ndipo amabwereza khalidwe lomwelo lomwe anakulira. Ambiri aife timachita zomwezo ndipo sitizindikira kuti tikugwira ntchito m'makhalidwe.

“Kafukufuku wathu akusonyeza kuti maganizo amene timakumana nawo pa nkhani ya ndalama tili ana amayendetsa zosankha zathu zachuma m’tsogolo,” akutero Edward Horowitz, katswiri wa zamaganizo pa yunivesite ya Creighton (Omaha).

Zimene ana amaona pankhani yogwiritsira ntchito ndalama zimatikhudza m’njira zosiyanasiyana. Ngati musamalira ndalama zanu mwanzeru, kuwononga zochuluka monga momwe mungathere, kulipira ngongole zanu panthaŵi yake, munganene kuti zimenezi zimachokera ku zizoloŵezi zabwino zandalama zimene makolo anu anatengera. Ngati mumakonda kulakwitsa ndalama, pewani kusunga bajeti ndikusunga maakaunti aku banki, chifukwa chake ndi amayi ndi abambo anu.

“Ana amaphunzira kuchokera ku zitsanzo zomwe zilipo kale. Timatsanzira khalidwe la makolo athu, akufotokoza motero Brad Klontz, katswiri wa zamaganizo pa yunivesite ya Creighton. "Sitingakumbukire momwe makolo amaonera ndalama, koma mopanda kuzindikira, ana amakhala omvera kwambiri ndipo amatengera chitsanzo cha makolo."

Sikuti chilengedwe chimangopanga zizolowezi zathu zachuma, majini amathandizanso. Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu Journal of Finance mu 2015 anapeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi jini yosiyana, kuphatikizapo maphunziro a zachuma, amapanga zisankho zabwino zachuma kusiyana ndi anthu ophunzira opanda jini.

Journal of Political Economy inafalitsa kafukufuku wina: maganizo athu pa zosunga ndalama amadalira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chibadwa. Kafukufuku wina adachitika ku yunivesite ya Edinburgh - adawulula chibadwa cha chibadwa cha kuthekera kodziletsa. Izi zitha kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pozindikira zilakolako zathu zowononga ndalama mopitilira muyeso.

Kuchotsa chitsanzo cha cholowa

Sitingathe kusintha majini athu, koma tingaphunzire kuzindikira zizoloŵezi zoipa zazachuma zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi makolo athu. Nawa dongosolo la magawo atatu lokonzekera kuti mudzipulumutse ku temberero lazachuma labanja.

Gawo 1: Dziwani za kulumikizana

Ganizirani mmene makolo anu anakukhudzirani pa nkhani ya ndalama. Yankhani mafunso angapo:

Kodi ndi mfundo zitatu ziti zokhudza ndalama zimene mwaphunzira kwa makolo anu?

Kodi kukumbukira kwanu koyambirira kokhudzana ndi ndalama ndi chiyani?

Kodi kukumbukira kowawa kwambiri kwa ndalama ndi chiyani?

Ndi chiyani chomwe mumaopa kwambiri pazachuma pompano?

"Mayankho a mafunsowa akhoza kuwulula machitidwe obisika," akufotokoza Prof. Klontz. — Mwachitsanzo, ngati makolo anu sanalankhulepo za ndalama, mungaone kuti ndalama si zofunika m’moyo. Ana amene anakulira ndi makolo amene amawononga ndalama zambiri amakhala pachiwopsezo chotengera chikhulupiriro chakuti kugula zinthu kudzawapangitsa kukhala osangalala. Anthu oterowo amagwiritsa ntchito ndalama ngati chothandizira pamavuto amoyo. ”

Poyerekeza khalidwe la achibale ndi athu, timatsegula mwayi wapadera wosintha bwino chitsanzo chokhazikitsidwa. "Mukazindikira kuti mukusewera script ya makolo anu kapena agogo anu, zitha kukhala vumbulutso lenileni," akutero Klontz. — Anthu ambiri amadziimba mlandu chifukwa chochita zinthu mopitirira malire komanso kuti satha kusunga chilichonse. Amaganiza kuti ali m’mavuto azachuma chifukwa chakuti ndi openga, aulesi, kapena opusa.”

Mukazindikira kuti mavuto anu adayambira kale, mumakhala ndi mwayi wodzikhululukira ndikukulitsa zizolowezi zabwino.

2: Lowani muzofufuza

Mukazindikira kuti makolo anu anakupatsirani zizolowezi zoipa za ndalama, fufuzani chifukwa chake anaziyambitsa. Kambiranani nawo za ubwana wawo, funsani zomwe makolo awo anawaphunzitsa ponena za ndalama.

"Ambiri aife timabwereza zolemba kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo," akutero Klontz. "Pozindikira kuti mukuchita sewero la wosewera wina, mutha kudzilemberanso zolemba zanu komanso mibadwo yamtsogolo."

Klontz adatha kulembanso zolemba zabanja. Kumayambiriro kwa ntchito yake, anali ndi mavuto aakulu azachuma pambuyo poti ndalama zowopsa sizinayende bwino m'mayambiriro a zaka za m'ma 2000. Amayi ake nthawi zonse anali osamala ndi ndalama ndipo sankaika moyo pachiswe.

Klontz adaganiza zofunsa za mbiri yakale ya banjali, kuyesa kumvetsetsa momwe amachitira zinthu zoopsa. Zinapezeka kuti agogo ake adataya ndalama zake panthawi ya Kuvutika Kwakukulu ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo sanakhulupirire mabanki ndikuyika ndalama zonse m'chipinda chapamwamba.

“Nkhaniyi inandithandiza kumvetsa chifukwa chake mayi anga amalemekeza kwambiri ndalama. Ndipo ndinamvetsa khalidwe langa. Ndinkaona kuti mantha a m’banja lathu ndi amene anachititsa kuti tipeze umphaŵi, choncho ndinachita zinthu monyanyira ndipo ndinaganiza zopeza ndalama zimene zingawononge moyo wanga.

Kumvetsetsa mbiri yabanja kunathandiza Klontz kukhala ndi njira zochepetsera ndalama komanso kuchita bwino.

Gawo 3: Sinthani Zizolowezi

Tinene kuti makolo ankakhulupirira kuti anthu onse olemera ndi oipa, choncho kukhala ndi ndalama zambiri n’koipa. Mwakula ndikupeza kuti simungathe kusunga ndalama chifukwa mumagwiritsa ntchito zonse zomwe mumapeza. Choyamba dzifunseni kuti n’chifukwa chiyani munapanga chizoloŵezi chimenechi. Mwinamwake makolowo anadzudzula anansi omwe anali amwayi, akuyesa kudzilungamitsa okha aumphaŵi.

Ndiyeno ganizirani mmene mawu a makolo anu alili oona. Mungaganize motere: “Anthu ena olemera ndi adyera, koma amalonda ambiri ochita bwino amayesetsa kuthandiza anthu ena. Ndikufuna kukhala wotero. Ndidzagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zothandizira banja langa komanso kuthandiza anthu ena. Palibe cholakwika ndi kukhala ndi ndalama zambiri. ”

Bwerezani izi nthawi iliyonse mukapeza kuti mukubwerera ku zizolowezi zakale. M'kupita kwa nthawi, lingaliro latsopano lidzalowa m'malo mwa lingaliro lobadwa nalo lomwe limakulitsa chizolowezi chowononga ndalama.

Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kulimbana ndi khalidwe lobadwa nalo nokha. Pankhaniyi, akatswiri a zamaganizo angathandize.

Wolemba - Molly Triffin, mtolankhani, blogger