Ana asukulu achichepere: ntchito zachitukuko

Ana asukulu achichepere ndi ana azaka 7 mpaka 9, ndiko kuti, kuyambira giredi 1 mpaka 3 (4th) pasukulu. Mndandanda wa mabuku a sitandade 3 - tsitsani.

Mwanayo amakhala mwana wasukulu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti tsopano ali ndi ntchito zatsopano, malamulo atsopano ndi ufulu watsopano. Akhoza kunena kuti ali ndi maganizo ozama pa mbali ya akuluakulu ku ntchito yake yophunzitsa; ali ndi ufulu kumalo ake ogwira ntchito, nthawi yofunikira pa maphunziro ake, zothandizira zophunzitsira, ndi zina zotero, amayang'anizana ndi ntchito zatsopano zachitukuko, makamaka ntchito yokulitsa luso la khama, kutha kuwola ntchito yovuta kukhala zigawo. , kutha kuona kugwirizana pakati pa zoyesayesa ndi zotsatira zomwe zapezedwa, kuti athe kuvomereza zovuta za zochitika ndi kutsimikiza mtima ndi kulimba mtima, kuti athe kudziyesa mokwanira, kuti athe kulemekeza malire - ake ndi ena. .

Maluso olimbikira ntchito

Popeza kuti cholinga chachikulu cha wophunzira wa ku pulayimale ndicho “kuphunzira kuphunzira,” kudzidalira kumamangidwa pamaziko a chipambano cha maphunziro. Ngati zonse zili bwino m’derali, khama (khama) limakhala mbali ya umunthu wa mwanayo. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ana omwe sakwanitsa kuchita bwino angadzimve kukhala otsika poyerekeza ndi anzawo ochita bwino. Pambuyo pake, izi zimatha kukhala chizolowezi chodzipenda nokha ndi ena nthawi zonse, ndipo zingakhudze luso lanu lomaliza zomwe mwayamba.

Gwirani vuto lovuta kukhala zigawo

Mukakumana ndi ntchito yovuta komanso yatsopano, ndikofunikira kuti muzitha kuziwona ngati zotsatizana, zing'onozing'ono komanso zotheka ntchito (masitepe kapena magawo). Timaphunzitsa ana kuti awononge ntchito yovuta kukhala zigawo, kuwaphunzitsa kupanga, kukonzekera ntchito zawo. Ndizosatheka kudya lalanje nthawi yomweyo - ndizosasangalatsa komanso zowopsa: mutha kutsamwitsa poika chidutswa chochuluka mkamwa mwanu. Komabe, ngati mugawaniza lalanje mu magawo, ndiye kuti mutha kudya popanda nkhawa komanso mosangalala.

Nthawi zambiri timawona gulu la ana omwe alibe lusoli. Chithunzi chowonetsera kwambiri ndi phwando la tiyi, lomwe anyamata amadzikonzekeretsa okha. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino (tebulo lomwe lili ndi zokoma zokoma m'mbale, kumene kulibe zinyalala ndi kulongedza, kumene aliyense ali ndi zakumwa ndi malo patebulo), anyamatawa ayenera kuyesetsa. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha sukulu, tikuwona zosankha zosiyanasiyana: ndizovuta kusiya osayesa chinthu chokoma kuchokera ku mbale ya munthu wina, n'zovuta kukumbukira zinthu zanu zomwe ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuyamba kumwa tiyi, ndi ngakhale kuyeretsa zinyenyeswazi ndi ntchito yowonjezera zovuta. Komabe, ngati mutagawaniza zazikulu - kukonza phwando la tiyi - kukhala ntchito zazing'ono zomwe zingatheke, ndiye kuti gulu la ana a zaka zapakati pa 7-9 likhoza kuthana ndi izi palokha. Inde, otsogolera amakhalabe m’gululo ndipo ali okonzeka kuwongolera ndondomeko ngati kuli kofunikira.

Onani kugwirizana pakati pa khama ndi kukwaniritsa

Mwana akatenga udindo, amayamba kusintha tsogolo. Zikutanthauza chiyani? Ntchito zomwe anyamata amatenga, ndithudi, zimabweretsa zovuta m'miyoyo yawo (muyenera kupukuta bolodi mu nthawi, osaphonya tsiku la ntchito yanu, ndi zina zotero), koma, powona zotsatira za ntchito yawo, mwanayo. akuyamba kumvetsetsa: "Ndikhoza!" .

Udindo wa Mlembi: chizolowezi chovomereza zovuta za zochitika motsimikiza komanso molimba mtima

Tikamanena kuti: “Zingakhale bwino ngati mwanayo ataphunzira kapena kuzolowera kuchita chinachake”, timangotanthauza luso lake. Kuti mwana asinthe lingaliro la "Sindidzayesa, sizingachitike" kukhala "ludzu lochita bwino", ndikofunikira kukhala pachiwopsezo, kulimba mtima ndikugonjetsa zikhalidwe za ana.

Udindo wa Wozunzidwayo, kungokhala chete, kuopa kulephera, kumverera kuti n'kopanda pake kuyesa kuyesa - izi ndi zotsatira zosasangalatsa kwambiri zomwe kunyalanyaza ntchito yaumwini kungayambitse. Apa, monga m'ndime yapitayi, tikukambanso za kukumana ndi mphamvu yanga, mphamvu, koma maso anga akuyang'ana momwe zinthu zilili, zomwe zimachokera kudziko lapansi ngati ntchito: kuti ndichitepo kanthu, ndiyenera kutenga mwayi. , yesani; ngati sindine wokonzeka kuchita zoopsa, ndimasiya kuchita.

Alexey, wazaka 7. Amayi anatembenukira kwa ife ndi madandaulo ponena za kusadzisungika ndi manyazi a mwana wawo, zimene zimamulepheretsa kuphunzira. Zoonadi, Alexei ndi mnyamata wodekha kwambiri, ngati simumufunsa, amakhala chete, pamaphunziro amawopa kuyankhula mozungulira. Zimakhala zovuta kwa iye pamene zochita zomwe makamu amapereka zikugwirizana ndi malingaliro ndi zochitika, zimakhala zovuta kukhala omasuka mu gulu, pamaso pa anyamata ena. Vuto la Alexey - nkhawa zomwe amakumana nazo - sizimalola kuti azichita zinthu, zimamulepheretsa. Pokumana ndi zovuta, nthawi yomweyo amabwerera. Kufunitsitsa kutenga zoopsa, mphamvu, kulimba mtima - izi ndi zomwe akusowa kuti atsimikizire. M'gululi, ife ndi anyamata ena nthawi zambiri timamuthandiza, ndipo patapita nthawi, Aleksey anakhala wodekha komanso wodzidalira, adapeza mabwenzi pakati pa anyamatawo, ndipo pa imodzi mwa makalasi otsiriza, akudziyesa wogawanika, adathamanga naye. mfuti yamakina ya chidole, yomwe kwa iye ndi yopambana mosakayikira.

Nazi zitsanzo za momwe tingaphunzitsire ana kuchitapo kanthu pamavuto ngati munthu wamkulu.

Dziyeseni moyenerera

Kuti mwana akhale ndi malingaliro abwino podziyesa yekha, ndikofunikira kuti iye mwini aphunzire kumvetsetsa momwe adagwirira ntchito, komanso kudziyesa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa zoyeserera, osati ndi kuunika kuchokera kunja. Ntchitoyi ndi yovuta, ndipo imakhala ndi zigawo zitatu monga:

1. phunzirani kuchita khama - ndiko kuti, kuchita mwaokha zinthu zotere zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa pansi pamikhalidwe ina iliyonse ndi kugonjetsa "sindikufuna";
2. phunzirani kudziwa kuchuluka kwa khama lomwe mwagwiritsidwa ntchito - ndiko kuti, mutha kulekanitsa chopereka chanu ndi zopereka za zochitika ndi anthu ena;
3. phunzirani kupeza makalata pakati pa kuchuluka kwa khama lomwe mwachita, kudziona nokha ndi zotsatira zake. Vuto lalikulu lagona pa mfundo yakuti ntchito yachirengedwe imeneyi imatsutsidwa ndi kuunika kwakunja kuchokera kwa anthu ofunika kwambiri, omwe amachokera pazifukwa zina, mwachitsanzo, poyerekeza ndi zotsatira za ana ena.

Ndi kusakwanira mapangidwe a ntchito imeneyi ya chitukuko cha munthu, mwanayo, m'malo luso kuganizira yekha, amagwera mu "zosinthika chizimbwizimbwi", kupereka mphamvu zake zonse kupeza mayeso. Malingana ndi kuunika kwakunja, amadziyesa yekha, kutaya mphamvu yopanga ndondomeko zamkati. Ophunzira amene kugwira pang'ono kusintha pa nkhope ya mphunzitsi pamene akuyesera «kuwerenga» yankho lolondola «kupempha» apamwamba zizindikiro ndi amakonda kunama osati kuvomereza kulakwitsa.

Panali ana oterowo m’gulu lathu, ndipo koposa kamodzi. Chithunzi chodziwika bwino ndi mtsikana kapena mnyamata, yemwe alibe mavuto mu gulu, omwe amatsatira ndendende malamulo ndi malangizo, koma alibe chitukuko cha mkati. Nthawi ndi nthawi, mwana woteroyo amabwera m'kalasi, ndipo nthawi iliyonse amasonyeza kuti amatha kuwerenga zofunikira zathu, amatha kusintha mosavuta pazochitika zilizonse kuti akondweretse atsogoleri, adzapereka ndemanga kwa anyamata ena, omwe adzachita. yambitsa nkhanza. Anzanu pagulu, ndithudi, samawoneka. Mwanayo amangoyang'ana kunja, choncho funso lililonse lokhudzana ndi zomwe wakumana nazo kapena malingaliro ake ndi "Mukuganiza bwanji? Ndipo zili bwanji kwa inu? Ndipo mukumva bwanji tsopano? ”- amamuyimitsa. Nthawi yomweyo nkhope yododometsedwa imawonekera ndipo, titero kunena kwake, funso: "Kodi zili bwino bwanji? Kodi ndiyenera kuyankha chiyani kuti ndiyamidwe?

Ana amenewa akufunika chiyani? Phunzirani kuganiza ndi mutu wanu, kulankhula maganizo anu.

Lemekezani malire - anu ndi a ena

Mwanayo amaphunzira kupeza gulu la ana oterowo momwe makhalidwe ake angalemekezedwe, iye mwini amaphunzira kulolerana. Amaphunzira kukana, amaphunzira kukhala ndi nthawi yake: kwa ana ambiri iyi ndi ntchito yapadera, yovuta kwambiri - kupirira modekha kusungulumwa. Nkofunika kuphunzitsa mwanayo mwaufulu ndi mofunitsitsa agwirizane ntchito zosiyanasiyana gulu, kukulitsa sociability ake, luso mosavuta monga ana ena mu ntchito gulu. Ndikofunikiranso kumuphunzitsa kuti asachite izi pamtengo uliwonse, ndiko kuti, kumuphunzitsa kukana masewera kapena kampani ngati malire ake akuphwanyidwa, ufulu wake ukuphwanyidwa, ulemu wake umanyozeka.

Uwu ndi vuto lomwe limapezeka mwa ana omwe amawoneka osungulumwa. Amanyazi, ochenjera, kapenanso amwano, ndiko kuti, ana amene amakanidwa ndi anzawo ali ndi vuto lofananalo. Iwo samamva malire a «zawo» (zofuna zawo, zikhalidwe, zilakolako), awo «Ine» sakufotokozedwa momveka bwino. Ndicho chifukwa chake amalola mosavuta ana ena kuphwanya malire awo kapena kukhala omata, ndiko kuti, nthawi zonse amafunikira wina pafupi kuti asamve ngati malo opanda kanthu. Ana ameneŵa amaphwanya malire a ena mosavuta, popeza kuti kusazindikira malire a wina ndi mnzake ndiko kudalirana.

Serezha, wazaka 9. Makolo ake anamubweretsa ku maphunziro chifukwa cha mavuto ndi anzake a m'kalasi: Serezha analibe mabwenzi. Ngakhale kuti ndi mnyamata wochezeka, alibe anzake, salemekezedwa m’kalasi. Serezha amapanga chidwi kwambiri, n'zosavuta kulankhula naye, amachita nawo maphunziro, amakumana ndi anyamata atsopano. Zovuta zimayamba pamene phunziro likuyamba. Serezha amayesetsa kukondweretsa aliyense, amafunikira chisamaliro chokhazikika kuchokera kwa anyamata ena kotero kuti ali wokonzeka kuchita chilichonse: amangokhalira nthabwala, nthawi zambiri mosayenera ndipo nthawi zina mopanda ulemu, ndemanga pa mawu aliwonse ozungulira, amadziwonetsera yekha mopusa. kuwala, kotero kuti ena onse anamuzindikira iye. Pambuyo pa maphunziro angapo, anyamatawo anayamba kuchita mwaukali kwa iye, kubwera ndi dzina lakuti «Petrosyan» kwa iye. Ubwenzi wapagulu sugwirizana, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi anzanu akusukulu. Tinayamba kukopa chidwi cha Serezha ku khalidwe lake mu gulu, kumuuza momwe zochita zake zimakhudzira anyamata ena onse. Tidamuthandizira, tidayimitsa machitidwe aukali a gululo, ndikuti ena onse asagwirizane ndi chithunzi cha «Petrosyan». Patapita nthawi, Serezha anayamba kukopa chidwi pang'ono mu gulu, anayamba kulemekeza yekha ndi ena. Adakali nthabwala zambiri, koma tsopano sizimayambitsa kukwiya kwa gulu lonse, chifukwa ndi nthabwala zake samakhumudwitsa ena ndipo samadzichititsa manyazi. Serezha adapeza mabwenzi mkalasi komanso mgulu.

Natasha. 9 zaka. Pemphani pakuchita kwa makolo: mtsikanayo amakhumudwa m'kalasi, malinga ndi iye - popanda chifukwa. Natasha ndi wokongola, wansangala, yosavuta kulankhula ndi anyamata. Pa phunziro loyamba, sitinamvetse kuti vuto lingakhale chiyani. Koma pa imodzi mwa makalasiwo, Natasha mwadzidzidzi amalankhula mwaukali komanso monyoza za membala wina wa gululo, komwe nayenso amachitiranso mwaukali. Mkanganowo umachokera pachiyambi. Kusanthula kwina kunasonyeza kuti Natasha samazindikira momwe amakwiyira anyamata ena: sanazindikire kuti woyamba adalankhula mwaukali. Mtsikanayo samakhudzidwa ndi malire amalingaliro a ena, samazindikira momwe amapwetekera anthu. Natasha adapita ku maphunziro athu m'chaka cha sukulu, koma patapita miyezi ingapo, ubale wa m'kalasi ndi gulu unakula kwambiri. Zinapezeka kuti vuto loyamba linali "nsonga ya madzi oundana", pomwe vuto lalikulu la Natasha linali kulephera kuwongolera malingaliro ake, makamaka mkwiyo, womwe tidagwira nawo ntchito.

Marina, wazaka 7. Makolo adadandaula zakuba. Marina anawonekera m’chipinda chosungiramo zinthu zakusukulu pamene anatulutsa zidole zazing’ono m’matumba a jekete za anthu ena. Kunyumba, makolo anayamba kupeza zidole zosiyanasiyana zazing'ono, tchipisi domino, wrappers maswiti. Tinalimbikitsa Marina, choyamba, munthu ntchito ndi zamaganizo, komanso gulu ntchito - maphunziro. Ntchito pa maphunzirowo inasonyeza kuti Marina sankamvetsa zomwe zinali "zanga" ndi "za munthu wina": amatha kutenga malo a munthu wina mosavuta, kutenga chinthu cha wina, nthawi zonse ankaiwala zinthu zake pa maphunziro, nthawi zambiri. anawataya iwo. Marina alibe chidwi ndi malire ake ndi a anthu ena, ndipo pamaphunziro omwe tidagwira nawo izi, tikuwonetsa malire amalingaliro, kuwapangitsa kukhala omveka bwino. Nthawi zambiri tinkafunsa mamembala ena momwe amamvera Marina akaphwanya malire awo, ndipo adapereka chidwi kwambiri pogwira ntchito ndi malamulo a gululo. Marina anapita ku gulu kwa chaka, pamene maganizo ake zinthu (achilendo ndi ake) anasintha kwambiri, milandu kuba sanali mobwerezabwereza. Zoonadi, kusintha kunayamba ndi banja: popeza makolo a Marina anali okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ntchitoyi ndipo ntchito yochotsa malire inapitilira kunyumba.