Zamgululi

Hibiscus ndi chakumwa cha tiyi chamtundu wa burgundy chopangidwa kuchokera ku ma bracts owuma a maluwa aku Sudanese rose kuchokera ku mtundu wa Hibiscus. Mayina ena: "mallow of Venice", "kandahar", "kumwa kwa afarao", kenaf, okra.

Hibiscus ndi chakumwa chadziko lonse cha Aigupto, chimakhala ndi kukoma kokoma komanso kowawasa. Dziko lakwawo la Kandahar ndi India, limakula pamafakitale ku Thailand, China, ndi madera otentha ku America. Hibiscus adapeza kutchuka kwambiri m'maiko achiarabu. Kuwonjezera pa kuthetsa ludzu, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m’mankhwala a anthu monga “mankhwala a matenda onse.”

Amakhulupirira kuti zinthu zomwe zimapereka mtundu wofiira ku chomera (anthocyanins) zimasonyeza ntchito ya P-vitamini, zimayang'anira makoma a mitsempha ya magazi. Decoction ya hibiscus imakhala ndi antipyretic, diuretic, antispasmodic katundu, imakhala ndi ma antioxidants omwe amateteza thupi ku okosijeni, ndikuchepetsa ukalamba.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti tiyi amatengedwa kuti ndi chakumwa chodziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndikutsatiridwa ndi mowa. Mtundu wofiira wa hibiscus umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani azakudya kupanga utoto wachilengedwe.

Zambiri zakale

Hibiscus ndi chomera chodzichepetsa, chomwe mbewu zake zidachokera ku India kupita ku Malaysia ndi Africa, kenako Brazil, Jamaica.

Mu 1892, mafakitale awiri adatsegulidwa ku Queensland (Australia) kuti apange tiyi. Mu 2, famu yoyamba ya hibiscus ku California idakhazikitsidwa. Ndipo mu 1895, kulima m'mafakitale ku Hawaii kunayamba.

Mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1960, hibiscus inkaonedwa kuti ndi chomera chabwino kwambiri chomwe chimalimidwa m'mabwalo achinsinsi ku Midwest. Mu XNUMX, mphepo yamkuntho yamphamvu "inayenda" kudutsa kum'mwera kwa United States, yomwe inawononga mbewu za zomera. Ndi izi, nthawi ya kulima hibiscus ku America pamlingo wamakampani idamalizidwa.

Zosiyanasiyana Mbali

Kuyambira 1920 mpaka lero, mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya hibiscus yadziwika:

1. "Rosella". Mitundu ya rose ya ku Sudani imamera ku India. Chakumwa chofiira chofiira mwamsanga chimathetsa ludzu, chimasonyeza bwino kukoma kwa mawonekedwe otentha ndi ozizira, momwe zolemba za fruity zimatsatiridwa bwino.
2. "Hibiscus subdarifa". Amapangidwa kuti apititse patsogolo kukoma kwa tiyi. Mtundu woterewu wa hibiscus umapangidwa mwanjira yake yoyera, yogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira zodziyimira pawokha kapena kuwonjezeredwa ngati chodzaza zipatso, maluwa, tiyi wobiriwira kapena wakuda. Amalimidwa ku Egypt ndi Sudan.

Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yotsatirayi ya hibiscus imasiyanitsidwa, ikukula ku Philippines kokha:

1. "Rico". Uwu ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani azakudya. Mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ma inflorescence akuluakulu komanso zokolola zambiri.
2. "Victor". Uwu ndi mtundu wamtundu wamtundu wa 'Rico' ndipo uli ndi ma inflorescence ochepa pa tsinde kuposa momwe unayambira.
3. "Archer" kapena "sorelo woyera". Makhalidwe amtunduwu ndi mtundu wocheperako wa pigment, womwe ndi "Rico" ndi "Victor". Chifukwa cha izi, zimayambira za 'Archer' zimakhala zobiriwira, zolimba komanso zamtundu. Chotengera ndi petals ndi chowala chachikasu kapena chobiriwira choyera. Chiwerengero cha inflorescences mu sorelo woyera ndi 2 kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa mitundu yam'mbuyomu. Chochititsa chidwi, mtundu uwu wa hibiscus umagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri m'mafakitale a chakudya, bast kusiyana ndi kupanga tiyi. Zigawo zonse za mbewu zimadyedwa ndipo zimawonjezeredwa ku saladi. Tiyi wopangidwa kuchokera ku archer ndi wowonekera, wokhala ndi utoto wonyezimira wachikasu.

Hibiscus imakonda chinyezi, imakhudzidwa ndi chisanu. Malo abwino kwambiri olimapo mbewuyi ndi madera otentha, otentha omwe amagwa mvula ya 70 - 80%, okwera mamita oposa 900 pamwamba pa nyanja. Pokhala ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu odulira, hibiscus imafunika kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse m'malo a chinyezi chochepa.

Zokolola za zomera zimadalira nthaka yolimidwa, ndibwino kuti ikhale yachonde. Komabe, mutha kubzala hibiscus pamiyala ya oolitic yomwe yatha kapena mchenga wa mchenga, komwe imameranso bwino. Pazifukwa zovuta, mbewuyo overgrown ndi sanali maluwa, nthambi zimayambira ndi kutha.

Njira yofalitsira: mbewu kapena cuttings.

Kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya

Pophika, chotengera cha mbewu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kapisozi wa mbewu ndi maluwa amaluwa amalekanitsidwa ndi iwo. Mu mawonekedwe awa, kapu yamaluwa ya hibiscus ndi yokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana, mbale zosiyanasiyana zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku hibiscus. Ku Africa, makapu amaluwa ndi mtedza wosweka amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbale zam'mbali, sauces kapena pie.

Maluwa amaluwa ndi zotengera zatsopano zimadulidwa, kudutsa chopukusira nyama ndi sieve, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chutney, jelly, manyuchi kapena kupanikizana. Kuti mufewetse, kuwonjezera fungo ndi kukoma, maluwawo amathiridwa ndi madzi otentha kwa mphindi 20.

M'makampani opanga ma confectionery ku Pakistan, hibiscus imakhala ngati gwero la pectin yodyedwa, yomwe imakhala ndi zomangira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya zokhala ngati jelly. Ndiko kuti, mavalidwe kwa saladi zipatso, icing kwa makeke, pudding. Ma sauces ngati odzola ndi manyuchi amakhala ochuluka mu waffles, ayisikilimu, gingerbread ndi zikondamoyo.

Ku Latin America ndi Kumadzulo kwa India, hibiscus imatengedwa ngati gwero lopangira zakumwa zotsitsimula, zomwe zimagawidwa m'mabotolo osindikizidwa bwino, mabotolo, ndi mitsuko yosabala. Ku Egypt, amamwa m'chilimwe ndi ayezi, ku Mexico - m'nyengo yozizira yotentha. Ku West Africa, zotengera za hibiscus ndi inflorescence zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga vinyo wofiira.

Chochititsa chidwi, ku Jamaica, chakumwa chachikhalidwe cha Khrisimasi chimapangidwa pamaziko a hibiscus. Kukonzekera chakumwa chotsitsimula, hibiscus youma yaiwisi amathiridwa tsiku limodzi mumtsuko wadothi ndi shuga, ginger wonyezimira, ndi madzi otentha. Ramu amawonjezeredwa ku chakumwa musanamwe. Imwani ozizira.

Ku West Africa, masamba ang'onoang'ono a hibiscus amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera saladi ndi kuwonjezera nyama kapena nsomba, zitsamba ndi masamba. Kuwonjezera apo, mbewu zokazinga za zomerazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa khofi wachilengedwe.

Mankhwala amapangidwa

100 magalamu a zouma zouma kuchokera ku hibiscus zili ndi:

• madzi - 9,2 g;
• ulusi wa masamba - 12,0 g;
• mafuta - 2,31 g;
• mapuloteni - 1,145 g.

Mavitamini ndi minerals a maluwa a rose aku Sudanese amaimiridwa ndi zakudya zotsatirazi:

• calcium - 1263 milligrams;
• phosphorous - 273,3 milligrams;
• chitsulo - 8,98 milligrams;
• ascorbic asidi (C) - 6,7 milligrams;
• nicotinic acid (PP) - 3,77 milligrams;
• riboflavin (B2) - 0,277 milligrams;
• thiamine (B1) - 0,117 milligrams;
• carotene (A) - 0,029 milligrams.

Mavitamini ndi ma mineral compounds amatenga nawo mbali pakapangidwe kazachilengedwe, kuonetsetsa kukhazikitsidwa kolondola kwazinthu zakuthupi.

Chiŵerengero cha mphamvu B: W: U ndi 24%: 0%: 48%.

Kuphatikiza apo, hibiscus imaphatikizapo:

1. Anthocyanins. Amawonetsa ma antitumor, amaphwanya lipids, amalimbitsa makoma a mitsempha yamagazi, ndikuwongolera kufalikira kwawo.
2. Organic zidulo (tartaric, citric, malic). Iwo ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, bactericidal kanthu, kuthetsa kutupa, kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m`thupi mphamvu.
3. Antioxidants. Amachepetsa kutentha thupi, amawonetsa antispasmodic katundu, amalimbana ndi kutupa.
4. Polysaccharides. Pitirizani kukhala ndi mphamvu zamakoma a cell, perekani mphamvu, kulimbikitsa kukonza minofu.
5. Flavonoids. Kupewa zotupa za sclerotic, kusintha kutha kwa mitsempha yamagazi.
6. Pectins. Adsorb zinthu zoipa, kukhazikika ntchito za m'mimba, kulimbikitsa kuyeretsa.

Zothandiza komanso zovulaza

Kulowetsedwa kwa maluwa makapu ndi hibiscus masamba ntchito wowerengeka, chikhalidwe mankhwala ku India, Africa ndi Mexico monga antipyretic, hypotensive, diuretic ndi choleretic wothandizira. Amachepetsa kukhuthala kwa magazi, amalimbikitsa kuyenda kwamatumbo. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala anthelmintic, antibacterial, hypotensive ndi antispasmodic akumwa tiyi tsopano akutsimikiziridwa mwasayansi.

Ku Guatemala, maluwa ndi madzi ochokera ku duwa la Sudanese amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi matenda opumira. Ku East Africa, kuphatikiza molasses, tsabola ndi mchere, ndi chifuwa.

Ku India, decoction wa mbewu za hibiscus amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati diuretic ndi astringent. Ku Brazil, mizu ya hibiscus imawiritsidwa ndipo anthu am'deralo amatsuka mkamwa mwawo ndi mankhwalawo m'malo motsuka mano usiku.

Kuphatikiza pakugwiritsa ntchito mkati, masamba a chomera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja, amatenthedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera ovuta a khungu (ndi mapangidwe a purulent, mabala). Amathandizira kuchiritsa zilonda za trophic.

Mankhwala a kandahar:

1. Kukana chitukuko cha matenda, mabakiteriya, akutumikira monga masoka mankhwala.
2. Kupititsa patsogolo kupanga bile.
3. Amachotsa kudzikuza, amachotsa madzi ochulukirapo, amachepetsa scurvy (petioles ndi mbewu).
4. Amadetsa mantha dongosolo, normalizes chopondapo (muzu).
5. Amayang'anira msambo mwa amayi pochotsa minyewa yosalala ya chiberekero (madzi).
6. Amakhudza bwino chiwindi ndi impso (kuchokera ku maluwa).
7. Normalizes kuthamanga kwa magazi (decoction).
8. Imalimbikitsa kukula kwa tsitsi.
9. Amatsuka thupi (amachotsa zinthu zosafunikira zama metabolic, zitsulo zolemera, poizoni, zinthu zopanda oxidized, zotsalira zazakudya zosakonzedwa).
10. Amathetsa kukokana m'mimba.
11. Amachepetsa cholesterol, amalimbitsa mtima.
12. Zimalepheretsa kukula kwa ma neoplasms owopsa.
13. Amachotsa zotsatira za kuledzera kwa mowa m'thupi.
14. Imathandizira kagayidwe, imathandizira kuyaka kwamafuta.
15. Imalimbitsa kukumbukira, imayendetsa ntchito za ubongo.

Ma petals a Hibiscus amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani opanga zodzikongoletsera popanga mafuta onunkhira, mankhwala oletsa kukalamba akhungu, thovu losambira, shampoos.

Zamadzimadzi Tingafinye ku maluwa atsopano ndi masamba a Sudanese ananyamuka linalake ndipo tikulephera kukula kwa tizilombo ta staphylococcus, ali antibacterial zochita motsutsana bacilli, amapha zoipa m`mimba tizilombo, ndi kusunga opindulitsa microflora.

The odana ndi yotupa zotsatira za hibiscus ntchito mankhwala zochizira matenda chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti (bronchitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis) ndi kwamikodzo thirakiti (cystitis).

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti ku China, maluwa a roses a ku Sudan amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yothetsera kuyendayenda kwa magazi, kuteteza mapangidwe a magazi m'thupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, chakumwa chokoma ndi chowawa kapezi chimapangitsa kuti chikhalidwe chikhale bwino, chimasonyezedwa:

• mantha amanjenje;
• kusowa chilakolako;
• kutopa kosatha;
• kuchuluka zolimbitsa thupi.

Kuti khungu likhale labwino, hibiscus decoction imasungunuka mu mawonekedwe a cubes, omwe ayenera kupukuta tsiku lililonse (m'mawa ndi madzulo) pamphumi, masaya, mphuno ndi chibwano. Ndipo kuti muchepetse tsitsi lamafuta, tiyi wopangidwa mwatsopano kuchokera ku maluwa a hibiscus umakhazikika mpaka kutentha, kutsukidwa ndi tsitsi losambitsidwa.

Zoyipa:

• zilonda zam'mimba, gastritis;
• chizolowezi cha chifuwa;
• ana mpaka chaka;
• nthawi ya lactation;
• kuwonjezereka kwa cholelithiasis ndi urolithiasis;
• kuchuluka acidity mmimba;
• kusowa tulo;
• kusalolera payekha.

Hibiscus kwa mtima

Asayansi aku America adachita kafukufuku wofufuza momwe anthu 64 azaka zosiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi matenda amtima adatenga nawo gawo. Anthu anagawidwa m’magulu ofanana. Woyamba anapatsidwa tiyi ya hibiscus katatu patsiku kwa miyezi 1,5, winayo anapatsidwa malo a placebo, omwe, mwa kukoma ndi maonekedwe, amafanana ndi mapiritsi amakono amakono. Kumapeto kwa kuyesera, onse omwe adatenga nawo mbali adayesedwa mokwanira ndichipatala.

Kotero, mu gulu loyamba, kuchepa kwa kuthamanga kwa 6-13% kunalembedwa, chachiwiri - ndi 1,3%. Asayansi adatsimikiza kuti chithandizo cha tiyi wa hibiscus maluwa ndi chifukwa cha zomwe zili mu flavonoids ndi phenolic acid (antioxidants), zomwe zimapanga chotchinga chachilengedwe motsutsana ndi zotsatira zoyipa za ma free radicals. Chifukwa cha katundu uyu, hibiscus amachepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda amtima monga sitiroko, arrhythmia, matenda a mtima.

Pakuyesa, palibe zotsatira zina zomwe zidapezeka. Chikhalidwe chachikulu sichimamwa chakumwa chochiritsa pamimba yopanda kanthu, popeza msuziwo uli ndi asidi ambiri achilengedwe.

Kuti muchepetse kupanikizika, hibiscus iyenera kudyedwa pafupipafupi, makapu atatu patsiku (3 milliliters iliyonse) kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Apo ayi, simungamve zotsatira zake zowoneka pa thupi.

Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito hibiscus?

Kukonzekera zakumwa za zitsamba, maluwa a hibiscus akhoza kuphikidwa mu mawonekedwe oyera kapena zosakaniza zosiyanasiyana zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa: zidutswa za zipatso, zipatso, cardamom, timbewu tonunkhira, mandimu a mandimu, uchi, ayisikilimu a vanila, sinamoni, ginger.

Anthu okhala m'mayiko otentha amaphwanya masamba a duwa la Sudanese ndikuwonjezera ku saladi zamasamba, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njerezo ngati zokometsera pamaphunziro oyamba.

Hibiscus amawonjezera zokometsera zatsopano ku odzola, kupanikizana, makeke, zakumwa za zipatso.

Chakumwa chazitsamba chofiira chowala chimaperekedwa kutentha kapena kuzizira (kapena popanda shuga). Chachiwiri, amatsanuliridwa mu magalasi, okongoletsedwa ndi udzu.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji?

Ubwino wa mankhwalawa mwachindunji umadalira luso la kusonkhanitsa, kukonza ndi kusungirako zipangizo. Pogula tiyi, choyamba, tcherani khutu ku mtundu wa kenaf. Ndi kuyanika koyenera, maluwa ayenera kukhala burgundy kapena ofiira kwambiri. Ngati ali mdima kapena kuzimiririka, ndiye chinyezi anali chamunthuyo kuchokera pamakhala m'njira yolakwika. Hibiscus kuchokera ku zipangizo zoterezi zidzakhala zopanda pake.

Ubwino wa zakumwa umakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwa hibiscus pamakhala. Odzaza matumba kapena maluwa ufa amaonedwa wamba tiyi. Ichi ndi mankhwala otsika kwambiri a zomera. Chofunikira kwambiri komanso chothandiza ndi chakumwa chopangidwa kuchokera pamitengo yonse ya duwa la Sudanese.

Pambuyo pogula, hibiscus imatsanuliridwa mu mbale za ceramic, zotsekedwa mwamphamvu ndi chivindikiro. Alumali moyo wa maluwa zouma ndi 1 chaka.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, maluwa a hibiscus kuzilumba za Hawaii amaonedwa kuti ndi chizindikiro cha kukongola kwa akazi, kotero oimira theka lokongola la umunthu nthawi zambiri amawakhomerera ku tsitsi lawo.

Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji hibiscus?

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za momwe mungapangire chakumwa chokoma cha hibiscus maluwa:

1. Masamba a Hibiscus ayenera kukhala athunthu, nthawi zambiri, zigawo zazikulu. Kuti mupeze chakumwa chokoma, simungagwiritse ntchito zinthu zomwe zapezedwa kukhala ufa.
2. Pophika, ndi bwino kutenga galasi kapena teapot ya ceramic.
3. Pokonzekera chakumwa, tsatirani izi: 7,5 magalamu a hibiscus petals (1,5 teaspoons) pa 200 milliliters a madzi. Ngati tiyi ndi wamphamvu kwambiri, chepetsani hibiscus mpaka 5 magalamu.
4. Popanga maluwa aku Sudan, ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito ziwiya zachitsulo, chifukwa zimasintha kukoma ndi mtundu wa chakumwa cholemekezeka.

Tiyi ya Hibiscus ndi yotsitsimula bwino nyengo yotentha, yodzaza chifukwa cha citric acid mmenemo.

Njira zowotcherera:

1. Ikani zopangira mu chidebe cha enameled ndi madzi otentha, wiritsani kwa mphindi 3 mpaka madziwo asanduka ofiira owala, ndikupeza kukoma kokoma kowawasa. Ubwino wa njirayi ndikupeza chakumwa choledzeretsa, choyipa ndikuwononga mavitamini ndi zinthu zina zothandiza.
2. Ikani masamba a tiyi mu kapu, kuthira madzi otentha, kutentha kwake kuyenera kusiyana pakati pa 80 - 95 madigiri. Tiyi amaumirira 4 - 6 mphindi pansi pa chivindikiro chotsekedwa. Chakumwa chomwe chimapezedwa ndi njirayi chimakhala ndi kukoma kocheperako kuposa kwam'mbuyomu, koma chimakhala ndi michere yambiri.
3. Kukonzekera karkade ozizira, ma petals a hibiscus amaikidwa m'madzi ozizira, omwe amabweretsedwa kwa chithupsa, shuga amawonjezeredwa, amachotsedwa mu chitofu, amalowetsedwa ndi kukhazikika. Kutumikira ndi ayezi.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, ma petals a hibiscus amatha kudyedwa, ali ndi ma amino acid ambiri, pectin, vitamini C.

Kutsiliza

Hibiscus ndi immunomodulator zachilengedwe zomwe zimasonyeza adsorbing, antispasmodic, diuretic, anthelmintic katundu. Chomeracho chili ndi ma amino acid ofunikira, anthocyanins, organic acid, antioxidants, polysaccharides, flavonoids, pectins. Komanso calcium, phosphorous, chitsulo, mavitamini A, B1, B2, C, PP.

Chotengera ndi makapu a hibiscus amalepheretsa kukalamba msanga kwa thupi, kuyambitsa ntchito zake zoteteza, ndikupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Iwo normalize zithunzi ntchito, kulimbikitsa kuwonda, kuthetsa psycho-maganizo nkhawa, kuchitira beriberi.

Chomeracho chimalimbikitsidwa kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa (ozizira) komanso odwala hypotensive (otentha), chifukwa amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Hibiscus akhoza kuledzera otentha kapena ozizira. Choncho, m'chilimwe chidzathetsa ludzu lanu, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira imathandizira kutentha, kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Tiyi kumwa ndi othandiza kwa aakulu kudzimbidwa, atony wa m`matumbo aakulu, atherosclerosis, matenda oopsa. Contraindicated mu chifuwa, cholelithiasis ndi urolithiasis pa exacerbation, m`mimba pathologies kugwirizana ndi erosive zinthu, kuchuluka acidity wa chapamimba madzi.