The miyala impso, omwe amatchedwa " miyala impso Ndi makristasi olimba omwe amapanga impso ndipo angayambitse kupweteka kwambiri. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mawuwa urolithiasis kufotokoza makhiristo awa, omwe amapezekanso m'chikhodzodzo, mkodzo kapena mkodzo (onani chithunzi).

Pafupifupi 90% ya milandu, miyala yamkodzo kupanga mkati mwa impso. Kukula kwawo kumasiyana kwambiri, kuyambira mamilimita angapo mpaka ma centimita angapo m'mimba mwake. Ambiri a iwo (80%) amachotsedwa mwangozi mwa kudutsa njira zosiyanasiyana za mkodzo ndipo zimayambitsa zizindikiro zochepa. Komabe, ureters, yomwe ili pakati pa impso ndi chikhodzodzo, ndi timitsempha tating'ono kwambiri. Mwala wopangidwa mu impso, womwe umadutsa kuchikhodzodzo, ukhoza kutsekereza ureter mosavuta ndipo motero umayambitsa. ululu wakuthwa. Izi zimatchedwa aimpso colic.

Ndani akukhudzidwa?

Miyala ya impso ndi yofala kwambiri, ndipo kufalikira kwawo kukuwoneka kuti kwawonjezeka pazaka 30 zapitazi. Pakati pa 5% ndi 10% ya anthu adzakumana ndi vuto la aimpso colic m'moyo wawo wonse. Miyala ya impso imapezeka nthawi zambiri m'matumbo kulekedwa. Iwo ali kawiri kawiri kawiri muanthu kuposa akazi. Ana ena angakhudzidwenso.

Oposa theka la anthu omwe adakhalapo kale ndi calculus adzakhala nawonso mkati mwa zaka 10 kuchokera ku chiwonongeko choyamba. The kusintha. kotero ndikofunika kwambiri.

Zimayambitsa

Mawerengedwe ndi zotsatira za makina mchere wamchere ndi ma acid omwe amapezeka mumkodzo wambiri. Njirayi ndi yofanana ndi yomwe imawonedwa m'madzi okhala ndi zambiri mchere mchere : kupitirira mlingo wina, mcherewo umayamba kunyezimira.

Miyala ya impso ikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo. Nthawi zambiri, amakhala chifukwa chosowa dilution mkodzo, ndiko kunena kuti a kumwa madzi otsika kwambiri. Chakudya chosayenerera, chochulukirachulukira mu shuga kapena mapuloteni, chingakhalenso cholakwa. Nthaŵi zambiri, komabe, sitipeza chifukwa chenichenicho chomwe chingafotokoze mapangidwe a miyala.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda, mankhwala ena, chibadwa (monga cystic fibrosis kapena hyperoxaluria) kapena matenda a metabolic (monga shuga) angayambitse kupanga miyala ya mkodzo. Momwemonso, kuwonongeka kwa mkodzo kumatha kuchitika, makamaka kwa ana.

Mitundu ya mawerengedwe

The mankhwala zikuchokera mwala zimadalira chifukwa, koma ambiri impso miyala muli kashiamu. Mayesero a mkodzo ndi kusanthula miyala yomwe yapezedwa imapangitsa kuti mapangidwe ake adziwike.

Mawerengedwe a calcium. Amawerengera pafupifupi 80% mwa miyala yonse ya impso. Zimaphatikizapo kuwerengera kutengera calcium oxalate (yodziwika kwambiri), calcium phosphate kapena osakaniza awiriwo. Zimayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, vitamini D wochuluka, matenda ndi mankhwala ena, zobadwa nazo kapena zakudya zambiri za oxalate (onani Zakudya mu gawo la Kupewa).

Kuwerengera kwa Struvite (kapena ammonia-magnesian phosphate). Amalumikizidwa ndi matenda osachiritsika kapena obwerezabwereza amtundu wa mabakiteriya ndipo amayimira pafupifupi 10% ya milandu.¹. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya miyala, imakhala yofala kwambiri mwa amayi kusiyana ndi amuna. Nthawi zambiri, amapangidwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi catheter ya chikhodzodzo.

Kuwerengera kwa uric acid. Amayimira 5 mpaka 10% ya miyala ya impso. Amapangidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa uric acid mumkodzo. Anthu odwala gout kapena omwe amalandila chithandizo chamankhwala amatha kukhala nawo. Angathenso kuyambitsidwa ndi matenda.

Miyala ya cystine. Fomu iyi ndiyosowa kwambiri. Nthawi zonse, mapangidwe awo amapangidwa chifukwa cha cystinuria, vuto la majini lomwe limapangitsa kuti impso zitulutse kwambiri cystine (amino acid). Mawerengedwe amtunduwu amatha kuchitika kuyambira ali mwana.

Zovuta zotheka

Zovuta zimakhala zosowa ngati miyalayo isamalidwa bwino. Komabe, zikhoza kuchitika kuti kuwonjezera chimodzi kudziletsa wa ureter powerengetsera, a matenda imakhazikika pansi. Izi zitha kuyambitsa matenda amagazi (sepsis) omwe angafune yankho lachangu. Chinthu chinanso chomwe chingakhale chovuta kwambiri ndi pamene munthu ali nacho chokhaimpso imodzi ali ndi renal colic.