Chithandizo chamankhwala

Chithandizo chomwe chili ndi cholinga "chochiza" ndi:

- Opaleshoni, kuchotsa chotupa kapena nthawi zina, kuyika chiwindi ndikuchotsa chiwindi,

- Njira zowonongera chotupa pakhungu (kupewa kutsegula pamimba popeza tidutsa pakhungu); poyamba ndi mankhwala (mowa wangwiro kapena asidi asidi),njirazi akhala m'malo ndi njira kuwononga chotupacho mwa njira bwino thupi :

        - Kutentha njira kuwononga chotupacho :

              - cryotherapy (mwa kuzizira)

              - ma radiofrequency (kutentha kwa kutentha),

              - microwave (kutentha kwambiri pa 100 °)

        - Njira zopanda kutentha zowononga chotupacho:

              - electroporation, njira yaposachedwa kwambiri yomwe maphunziro ake akupitilirabe.

              - kusankha arterial chemoembolization yomwe yalowa m'malo mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mikanda yotulutsa ma radio.

Kusankha pakati pa opaleshoni ndi percutaneous ablation, mankhwala ochiritsira omwe amapezeka kwambiri amadalira njira zingapo (mkhalidwe wa chiwindi chapansi, chiwerengero ndi kukula kwa zilonda) ndipo zimakambidwa pamisonkhano yambirimbiri, yomwe imabweretsa pamodzi osachepera 3 zapadera. osiyana (ochita opaleshoni, oncologist, gastroenterologist) m'malo ofotokozera.

opaleshoni

Ngati nkotheka, opaleshoni ndiye 1^er chisankho chamankhwala ndipo chimakhala ndi ” gawo la hepatectomy »Ie kuchotsa mbali ya chiwindi. Zosiyanasiyana ziyenera kukumana: chotupacho chiyenera kukhala chaching'ono (<3cm) ndi chimodzi. Iyenera kupezeka mosavuta ndipo chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuonetsetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa chiwindi chathanzi chotsalira ndikukwanira kuonetsetsa kuti chiwindi chimagwira ntchito bwino.

Minofu ya chiwindi imatha kubwezeretsanso, ngakhale pang'ono. Motero, m’milungu yotsatizana ndi njira ya hepatectomy, kukula kwa chiwindi kudzawonjezereka. Komabe, chiwindi sichidzabwereranso kukula kwake.

 Chithandizo cha opaleshoni chingakhale "Total hepatectomy" otsatidwa ndi kumezanitsa, chithandizo choyenera ngati n’kotheka. Chiwindi chodwala chimachotsedwa kwathunthu, ndikusinthidwa ndi chiwindi chonse, kapena lobe yachiwindi, kuchokera kwa wopereka wogwirizana. Odwala amasankhidwa m'malo akatswiri. Dziwani kuti ndizosowa kuti ndizotheka kuyika chiwindi kuti muchiritse khansa yoyamba ya chiwindi. Kudikirira kumakhaladi kwautali kwambiri, (miyezi 6 yocheperako), ndipo mikhalidwe yofunikira pakutheka kwa kumuika nthawi zambiri imadutsa: kudwala kwambiri pachiwindi (advanced cirrhosis), chotupa chachikulu kuposa 3 cm, zotupa zopitilira 3.

Kuchotsa ma radiofrequency ablation (RFA)

Pamene kuchotsa chotupa ndi opaleshoni sikungatheke, kapena nthawi yodikirira kumezanitsa motalika kwambiri, kuchotsedwa kwake kwa radiofrequency ndiyo njira yochizira ya 1.^zaka cholinga. Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo kulowetsa maelekitirodi ang'onoang'ono m'chiwindi kuti atulutse mafunde othamanga kwambiri omwe amachititsa kuti munthu aziyenda. ionic, chifukwa, ndi chodabwitsa kutentha, necrosis mwa coagulation wa abnormal maselo (cell imfa). Kutengera ndi vutolo, imachitidwa pansi pa anesthesia wamba kapena wamba.

Njira yochiritsira

Mochulukirachulukira, njira zochiritsira zolunjika nkhondo zinthu zomwe zimathandizira kukula kwa chotupa. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala antiangiogéniques kuletsa mapangidwe a mitsempha yatsopano ya magazi (angiogenesis) yomwe imalola chotupacho kukula. Thandizo lamtunduwu limasonyeza lonjezo lalikulu. Zimadzutsa chidwi ndi chiyembekezo chambiri m'magulu azachipatala.

Njira zina

Njira yotentha:

kulira

Cryosurgery sagwiritsidwanso ntchito masiku ano, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a njira zowononga zotupa za chiwindi ndi kutentha (makamaka ma radiofrequency). Njirayi inali kulowetsa m'chiwindi kansalu kokhala ndi nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi pa -200 ° C kuti atenthe ndi moto. froid maselo a khansa.

mayikirowevu

Njira imeneyi imayambitsa mayendedwe a mamolekyu amadzi m'maselo, kupanga zotheka kufika kutentha kwambiri, 100 °, mu masekondi angapo. Imagwiritsidwabe ntchito pang'ono, ndikuwunikidwa molingana ndi ma radiofrequency.

Njira ya mankhwala: ijekeseni percutaneous

Njira inayi imakhala yotheka, koma imagwiritsidwa ntchito mochepa. Zimaphatikizapo kuwononga chotupa chimodzi kapena zingapo zazing'ono pobaya jekeseniethanol or asidi wa asidi. Izi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zowachotsera madzi m'thupi ndikupangitsa kuti necrosis yawo (ma cell kufa). Njirayi ikhoza kuchitidwa pansi pa anesthesia wamba ndipo ikhoza kubwerezedwa ngati chotupacho sichizimiririka.

Njira Yatsopano: electroporation yosasinthika:

Powunikiridwa, njira iyi imagwira ntchito ya cell, ndipo imatha kuwonetsedwa muzotsutsana ndi ma frequency a wailesi.

mankhwala amphamvu

Chemotherapy ndi yankho pamene opaleshoni kapena njira zowononga m'deralo za chotupacho sizingatheke, kapena ngati zichitikanso.

Ngati khansa yachiwindi yoyamba ndi lalikulu (kupitirira 3 cm, ndi zotupa zingapo, koma mbali imodzi ya chiwindi (tili ndi chiwindi lamanja ndi kumanzere), n`zotheka jekeseni mu mtsempha wamagazi amene amapereka chotupa, mikanda munali mankhwala amphamvu. mwachindunji mu chotupa, amene amathandiza kuchepetsa mavuto.

Radiotherapy

Chithandizo cha radiation sichimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pochiza khansa yachiwindi yoyambirira. Khansara yamtunduwu simakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi radiotherapy. Kwa kanthawi, tinayesa kubaya mikanda yotulutsa radioactive jekeseni wosankha m’chotupacho kudzera m’njira yodutsa m’mitsempha.

Njira zowonjezera

Reviews. Onani fayilo yathu ya Cancer kuti mudziwe njira zonse zothandizira zomwe zaphunziridwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa, monga acupuncture, visualization, massage therapy ndi yoga. Njira izi zitha kukhala zoyenera mukazigwiritsa ntchito kuthandizira chithandizo chamankhwala, osati m'malo mwake.