Njira zopangira zisankho za abambo ndi amai ndizofanana… bola akhale chete. Koma muzovuta kwambiri, njira zawo zamaganizo zimatsutsana kwambiri.
Kaŵirikaŵiri amavomereza kuti m’mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri, akazi amathedwa nzeru, ndipo mitu yawo imaduka. Koma amuna, monga lamulo, amadziwa kudzikoka okha, kukhala odziletsa komanso odekha. "Pali malingaliro otere," akutsimikizira Therese Huston, mlembi wa How Women Make Decisions.1. - Ndicho chifukwa chake m'moyo wovuta mikangano ufulu wosankha zochita nthawi zambiri umaperekedwa kwa amuna. Komabe, kafukufuku waposachedwapa wa akatswiri a zamaganizo amanena kuti malingaliro oterowo alibe maziko.
Mayeso a madzi oundana
Katswiri wodziwa za ubongo Mara Mather ndi anzake ku yunivesite ya Southern California ananyamuka kuti adziwe. Momwe kupsinjika kumakhudzira kupanga zisankho. Otenga nawo mbali adapemphedwa kusewera masewera apakompyuta. Zinali zofunika kuti tipeze ndalama zochuluka momwe ndingathere pokweza mabaluni enieni. Pamene chibaluni chinkakwera kwambiri, m'pamenenso wopambanayo amapambana ndalama zambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, amatha kuyimitsa masewerawo nthawi iliyonse ndikutenga zopambana. Komabe, baluniyo imatha kuphulika chifukwa idakwezedwa, ndiye kuti wophunzirayo sanalandirenso ndalama. Zinali zosatheka kudziwiratu pasadakhale pamene mpira unali kale "pamphepete", unatsimikiziridwa ndi kompyuta.
Zinapezeka kuti khalidwe la abambo ndi amai pamasewerawa silinali losiyana.pamene iwo anali mu mkhalidwe wodekha, womasuka.
Koma akatswiri a sayansi ya zinthu zamoyo anali ndi chidwi ndi zimene zimachitika pakagwa mavuto. Kuti achite izi, ophunzirawo adafunsidwa kuti aviike manja awo m'madzi oundana, zomwe zinawapangitsa kuti azithamanga mofulumira komanso kuwonjezeka kwa magazi. Zinapezeka kuti akazi mu nkhani iyi anasiya masewera kale, inflating mpira 18% zochepa kuposa mu mkhalidwe bata. Ndiko kuti, ankakonda kupeza phindu lochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi kuika pachiswe posewera kwambiri.
Amunawo anachita zosiyana ndendende. Pokhala ndi nkhawa, adatenga zoopsa zambiri, akuwonjezera buluni mochulukirapo, ndikuyembekeza kupeza jackpot yolimba.
Kodi cortisol ndi chiyani?
Gulu la ofufuza lotsogozedwa ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya ubongo Ruud van den Bos wochokera ku yunivesite ya Neimingen (Netherlands) anafika pamaganizo ofanana. Amakhulupirira kuti chikhumbo cha amuna chofuna kudziika pachiwopsezo mumkhalidwe wopsinjika chimayamba ndi timadzi ta cortisol. Mosiyana ndi adrenaline, yomwe nthawi yomweyo imatulutsidwa m'magazi poyankha kuopseza, cortisol imalowa m'magazi pang'onopang'ono kutipatsa mphamvu zofunikira 20-30 mphindi pambuyo pake.
Chikhumbo cha amuna chofuna kutenga zoopsa mumkhalidwe wopanikizika chimayamba ndi hormone cortisol.
Zotsatira za mahomoniwa pa amuna ndi akazi ndizotsutsana kwambiri. Tiyeni tifotokoze ndi chitsanzo. Tangoganizani kuti mwalandira uthenga kuchokera kwa abwana anu: "Bwerani kwa ine, tiyenera kuyankhula mwachangu." Simunalandirepo maitanidwe otere, ndipo mukuyamba kuda nkhawa. Mukapita ku ofesi ya bwana, koma ali pa foni, muyenera kudikira. Kenako abwanawo akukuitanani kuti mulowe muofesi ndipo akukuuzani kuti achoka chifukwa bambo ake ali m'mavuto. Akukufunsani kuti, "Ndimaudindo otani omwe mungatenge ine kulibe?"
Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, amayi omwe ali mumkhalidwe wotere amatha kuchita zinthu zomwe ali ndi luso komanso zomwe akutsimikiza kuthana nazo. Koma amuna azidzitengera ntchito zolakalaka kwambiri, ndipo sadzakhala ndi nkhawa kuti mwina angalephere.
Njira zonsezi zili ndi mphamvu
Kusiyana kumeneku kungakhudzidwenso ndi momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito, monga umboni wa kafukufuku wina wa Mara Mater. Idamangidwa pamasewera apakompyuta omwe ali ndi mipira. Koma nthawi yomweyo, asayansi adasanthula ubongo wa omwe adatenga nawo gawo kuti adziwe madera omwe anali otanganidwa kwambiri popanga zisankho atapanikizika. Zinapezeka kuti madera awiri a ubongo - putamen ndi anterior insular lobe - mwa amuna ndi akazi anachita mosiyana.
Putamen amawunika ngati kuli koyenera kuchitapo kanthu tsopano, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, amapatsa ubongo chizindikiro: nthawi yomweyo chitanipo kanthu. Komabe, munthu akapanga chisankho chowopsa, malo akunja amatumiza chizindikiro: "Sentry, izi ndizowopsa!"
Mwa amuna panthawi yoyesera, onse putamen ndi anterior insular lobe anachita mu alamu mode. M’lingaliro lina, iwo analankhula panthaŵi imodzimodziyo kuti: “Tiyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga!” ndi "Damn it, ndikuyika pachiwopsezo chachikulu!" Zikuoneka kuti amuna amakhudzidwa mtima ndi zosankha zawo zoopsa, zomwe sizimagwirizana kwenikweni ndi malingaliro wamba okhudza amuna.
Koma kwa akazi zinali zosiyana. Ntchito za madera onsewa a ubongo, m'malo mwake, zidachepa, ngati kuti akupereka malamulo "Palibe chifukwa chothamangira", "Tisatengere zoopsa zosafunikira". Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mosiyana ndi amuna, akazi sanakumane ndi zovuta ndipo palibe chomwe chinawakakamiza kupanga zisankho mopupuluma.
Munthawi yovuta, ubongo wa amayi umati: "Tisachite ngozi popanda kufunikira"
Ndi njira iti yomwe ili yabwinoko? Nthawi zina amuna amaika moyo pachiswe ndikupambana, ndikupeza zotsatira zabwino. Ndipo nthawi zina machitidwe awo olakwika amatsogolera kugwa, ndiyeno amayi ndi njira yawo yosamala komanso yolinganiza amatha kukonza vutoli. Mwachitsanzo, talingalirani za mabwana otchuka achikazi monga Mary T. Barra wa General Motors kapena Marissa Mayer wa Yahoo, amene anatenga utsogoleri wa makampani pavuto lalikulu ndi kuwapangitsa kukhala olemera.
Kuti mumve zambiri, onani nyuzipepala The Guardian ndi Magazini ya Forbes.
1 T. Huston "Momwe Akazi Amapangira: Zomwe Ndizowona, Zomwe Sizili, ndi Njira Zotani Zomwe Zimayambitsa Zosankha Zabwino Kwambiri" (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016).