Pa bondo, menisci imakhala ngati zosokoneza pakati pa femur ndi tibia. Amalepheretsa mafupa kufooka ndikuyenda kulikonse. Ndicho chifukwa chake, pamene akusweka, ayenera kusamalidwa.

Femur imayikidwa pa tibia. Koma ma protuberances awiri a m'munsi mwake sakukhudzana mwachindunji ndi pamwamba pa tibia. Zimachokera ku menisci iwiri: meniscus yapakati (mkati mwa bondo) ndi meniscus yotsatizana (kumbali yakunja). Izi zimasewera:

• shock absorbers: minofu yawo ya fibro-cartilaginous imakhala yotanuka pang'ono, yomwe imawathandiza kuti azikhala ngati chotchinga pakati pa femur ndi tibia, choncho kupewa kuvala msanga kwa mafupawa pamene zovuta zamakina zimawalemera;
• stabilizers: chifukwa ndi ochuluka pamphepete mwawo akunja kusiyana ndi m'mphepete mwawo, menisci imapanga "wedges" kuzungulira femur. Izi zimathandiza kuti zikhale zolimba pa tibia;
• zopangira mafuta: ndi zinthu zawo zosalala komanso zosinthika, menisci imathandizira kutsetsereka pakati pa femur ndi tibia, kulepheretsa omalizawo kuti asakhudze wina ndi mzake ndikutopa.
  

Meniscus fissure mwa wachinyamata, yemwe sanayambebe kudwala nyamakazi ya osteoarthritis, nthawi zambiri imachokera ku zoopsa. Mwachitsanzo, bondo lopunduka pa ngozi ya skiing. Koma zimathanso kuchitika mozemba kwambiri, mwa kubwerezabwereza zomwezo mwadzidzidzi (ma squats mobwerezabwereza, etc.).

Kung'ambika kungakhale kosaoneka bwino kapena kulola kuti chidutswa chituluke. Titha kukhala ndi "lilime" la meniscus lomwe limatuluka, kapena chidutswa mu "chogwirizira chodumpha", chongogwira mbali ziwiri.

Nthawi zonse, kuvulala kumawonetsedwa ndi:

• kupweteka kwambiri pabondo, monga kubaya. Makamaka pachimake pambali kapena kumbuyo kwa cholumikizira, imatha kupitilira mu ntchafu;
• kutupa kwa mgwirizano, ndi episodic edema;
• kugwedezeka ndi kumverera kwa kugwedeza bondo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyenda, kukwera masitepe ndi squatting zovuta kwambiri;
• Kutsekeka kwa mgwirizano, nthawi zina, ngati chidutswa cha meniscus chatsekedwa pakati pa mafupa.

Poyang'anizana ndi zizindikiro zotere, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muyimitse zolimbitsa thupi zomwe zikuchitika, kuti musawonjezere chotupacho. Muyenera kuyika bondo lanu pampumulo, kupewa chithandizo chilichonse pa mwendo wopweteka, ndikukambirana ndi dokotala wanu. Poyembekezera kukambirana, kupweteka ndi kutupa zimatha kuchepetsedwa mwa kuziziritsa bondo ndi paketi ya ayezi (yokutidwa ndi nsalu). Ndikothekanso kumwa mankhwala opweteka, monga paracetamol, kapena mankhwala otsika a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs), monga ibuprofen kapena aspirin.

Kuvulala kwa Meniscus sikutanthauza opaleshoni. Mankhwalawa amasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa ming'alu, malo ake, kukula kwake, msinkhu wa wodwalayo, masewera olimbitsa thupi, chikhalidwe cha mafupa ndi cartilage, komanso zilonda zilizonse zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa (kuphulika kwa anterior cruciate ligament, osteoarthritis, etc.). ).

Chithandizo chamankhwala, popanda opaleshoni

Ngati wodwalayo ndi wokalamba kapena wosagwira ntchito kwambiri, sizosangalatsa nthawi zonse kugwira ntchito, osachepera nthawi yomweyo. Magawo okonzanso amatha kuperekedwa kuti alimbikitse ntchito ya minofu pakukhazikika kwa mgwirizano. Chithandizo chamankhwala chotengera analgesics kapena anti-inflammatory drugs, chowonjezera ngati kuli kofunikira ndi a kusalola corticosteroids, amathanso kuthetsa ululu, osachepera kwakanthawi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti athe kuchedwetsa kapena kupeŵa kulowererapo.

Kukonza meniscal, ndi suture

Kumbali ina, ngati munthuyo ali wamng’ono komanso wokangalika kwambiri, ululuwo ukhoza kuwonjezeka ndi kukhala wosapiririka tsiku ndi tsiku. Opaleshoni ndiyolandiridwa.

Madokotala ochita opaleshoni amayesa kusunga meniscus momwe angathere. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amakondera kukonzanso kwake pamene angathe, ndiko kunena kuti zinthu zotsatirazi zikakwaniritsidwa:

• cholumikiziracho chiyenera kukhala chokhazikika, chokhala ndi minyewa yokhazikika kapena yomangidwanso ya anterior cruciate ligament (ACL);
• chigobacho chiyenera kukhala pamphepete mwa meniscus yotsatizana (yakunja), chifukwa malo oti athandizidwe ayenera kukhala opezeka komanso okwanira kuti athe kuchiritsa bwino; 
• ena onse a meniscus ayenera kukhala athanzi, opanda nyamakazi;
• mng'alu uyenera kukhala wosakwana masabata 6 kuti uzitha kudzikonza;

Kuchitapo kanthu kumachitidwa pachipatala chakunja kapena monga gawo lachipatala chachifupi (masiku 2 kapena 3). Imachitidwa arthroscopically, kutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito kamera yaing'ono ndi zida zazing'ono zomwe zimayambitsidwa kudzera muzolowera ziwiri zazing'ono pabondo. Amakhala ndi suturing mng'alu ntchito ulusi ndi ang'onoang'ono absorbable anangula.

Pang'ono meniscectomy

Ngati meniscus sangathe kukonzedwa koma ululu udakalipobe, meniscectomy ingaganizidwe. Pokhapokha kuti palibe kusakhazikika kwa ntchito.

Apanso, opaleshoni ikuchitika pa outpatient maziko kapena mbali ya yochepa m`chipatala, pansi arthroscopy. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchotsa gawo lowonongeka la meniscus, kotero kuti nkhanza zake zisagwedezenso pa femur ndi kuyenda kulikonse.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, kaya pakhala pali suture kapena meniscectomy, ndikofunika kutsatira malangizo a dokotala okhudza nthawi yopuma, kukonzanso ndi kuyambiranso ntchito. Ngakhale zingawoneke motalika, pulogalamuyi imapewa zovuta: kufooketsa kwa sutures, kuuma pambuyo pake, kutaya mphamvu ya minofu, ndi zina zotero.

Matendawa amachokera ku kufufuza kwachipatala kwa bondo ndi zojambula zojambula (x-ray ndi MRI). Zimachitidwa ndi dokotala wopezekapo, dokotala wadzidzidzi, rheumatologist kapena opaleshoni ya mafupa.