MPV: yokwera kapena yotsika, kutanthauza kusanthula kwama volatelet

The MPV, kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti, ndi a kukula kwa mbale, omwe amapanga tizigawo ting'onoting'ono ta magazi ndipo amatinso timagulu tambiri. Ma Platelet amatchedwanso thrombocytes.

• Ma Platelet ndi othandiza popanga magazi. Amagwira nawo ntchito yotseka magazi pakusintha kwa khoma la mitsempha (mitsempha kapena mitsempha). Amatsegulidwa pakakhala kutuluka magazi mkati ngati kutuluka mwazi kwakunja;
• Ma platelet amapangidwa m'mafupa, momwe mkati mwake khungu lalikulu (lotchedwa megakaryocyte) limaphulika kukhala tizidutswa tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri. Zidutswazi, zotchedwa ma platelet, zimayamba kugwira ntchito zikangolowa m'magazi;
• Ndikotheka kuwerengera ma platelet, komanso kuyeza kuchuluka kwawo pogwiritsa ntchito chowunikira pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala.

Ma platelet akulu nthawi zambiri amakhala achichepere, ndipo amamasulidwa koyambirira kuposa masiku onse kuchokera m'mafupa. Mofananamo, zing'onoting'ono-kuposa-avareji zamaplatelet nthawi zambiri zimakhala zakale.

Nthawi zambiri pali mgwirizano wosiyana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti (MPV) ndi chiwerengero cha mapulateleti. Pali, motero, malamulo achilengedwe a misa yamtengo wapatali (kuphatikiza nambala ndi kukula kwa mapulateleti). Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuchepa kwa mapulateleti kumayambitsa kukondoweza kwa megakaryocytes ndi thrombopoietin, zomwe zimapangitsa kupanga mapulateleti akuluakulu.

• Mulingo wabwinobwino wamagazi m'mwazi (kuchuluka kwawo) nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa maplateleti 150 ndi 000 pa cubic millimeter;
• The MPV, yomwe imayesa kukula kwake, motero mphamvu yake, imayesedwa mu femtoliters (metric unit of volume yofanana ndi 10).^-15% lita). A wabwinobwino MPV is pakati pa 6 ndi 10 achikazi.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti mapulateleti okhala ndi voliyumu yayikulu amakhala achangu. Pomaliza, pakalibe matenda, kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti kumayendetsedwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti kumayendetsedwa.MPV) choncho amayamba kukwera mwamsanga pamene chiwerengero cha mapulateleti chatsitsidwa.

Kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti kumatha kukhudzidwa ndi ma pathologies ena apulateleti. Ndipo ndi, makamaka, ubwino wa mapulateleti omwe amatha kusinthidwa pakachitika zachilendo MPV.

Pa thrombocytopenia, chifukwa chake kuchepa kwachilendo kwa chiwerengero cha mapulateleti, kungakhale kothandiza kuyang'anira MPV, komanso ngati thrombocytosis (kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti) kapena thrombopathies (matenda omwe chiwerengero cha mapulateleti ndi abwinobwino, koma ntchito yomwe ili yolakwika). 

The MPV zimawonekanso kuti zimagwirizanitsidwa makamaka ndi chiopsezo cha mtima, chomwe sichigwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono pochita, chifukwa pali zovuta zamakono zomwe zimasokoneza miyeso. M'malo mwake, pakakhala chiopsezo cha mtima kapena chiwopsezo cha thrombosis, monga phlebitis, izi zitha kulumikizidwa ndi kutsika kwakukulu. MPV.

M'lingaliro limeneli, ntchito zingapo zofufuza zomwe zachitika m'zaka makumi awiri zapitazi zimanena kuti MPV ingakhale yosangalatsa kupereka chidziwitso chofunikira pa chitukuko ndi momwe zimakhalira zokhudzana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana otupa. 

Chifukwa chake, kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti a mkulu MPV zakhala zikuwonetsedwa mogwirizana ndi matenda ambiri:

• Matenda amtima;
• Kukwapula;
• Matenda opatsirana;
• Aakulu aimpso kulephera;
• Matenda a m'mimba;
• Matenda a nyamakazi;
• shuga;
• Khansa zosiyanasiyana.

Mosiyana, a MPV yatsika Tingawoneke pazochitika zotsatirazi:

• Chifuwa chachikulu, pakukula kwa matendawa;
• Anam`peza matenda am`matumbo;
• Zokhudza lupus erythematosus mwa akulu;
• Matenda osiyanasiyana otupa m'mimba (kukula kosafalikira komanso kuchuluka kwa maselo).

Ichi ndichifukwa chake, kuchokera kumalingaliro azachipatala, zingakhale zosangalatsa kukhazikitsa zoyambira za MPV zokhoza kusonyeza, mwa zina, kukula kwa kutupa, kukhalapo kwa matenda, kuwonjezereka kwa matenda, kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo cha thrombotic thrombotic, chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha imfa ndipo, potsiriza, kuyankha kwa wodwalayo kuchipatala. ntchito. Komabe, muzochita zamankhwala, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito MPV akadali ochepa ndipo amafuna kufufuza kwina.

A kuyesa magazi kosavuta ndikofunikira pakuwunika kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti. Choncho, a MPV kaŵirikaŵiri amapimidwa poupenda kaŵirikaŵiri: kuchuluka kwa magazi (kapena CBC), kuunika kotheratu kwa mwazi kumene kumatheketsa makamaka kuŵerenga zinthu zake zonse (maselo ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi ndi mapulateleti). Pochita, ndi bwino kutenga magazi m'mimba yopanda kanthu.

The MPV kusanthula, komwe kumachitika pamachubu omwe amatengedwa poyezetsa magazi, kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira yodzipangira yokha, yomwe yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1970, ndipo imatchedwa mu Chingerezi "light scattering":

• Mfundo yamayeserowa ndikuunikira ma cell ndi laser kapena tungsten light;
• Kuwala komwe kumafalitsidwa ndi khungu lirilonse kumatengedwa ndi photodetector, kenako ndikusandulika mphamvu yamagetsi;
• Chifukwa chake, chowunikira adzatha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa ma platelet zikwizikwi omwe amazungulira powadutsa pamtanda;
• Kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa platelet, MPV, pamapeto pake amachitidwa ndi kusintha kwa logarithmic kwa curve yogawa voliyumu ya mapulateleti.

Kuti mutanthauzire tanthauzo la kuchuluka kwa ma platelet, muyenera kukhala oyamba nthawi zonse Anayang'ana koyamba kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti okhudzana ndi MPV. Manambala amtunduwu amatha kuchepetsedwa pakakhala thrombocytopenia, kapena kuwonjezeka kwa thrombocytosis.

• Un mkulu MPV amatanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa ma platelet akuluakulu akuzungulira m'magazi;
• Un MPV maziko m'malo mwake, zikutanthauza kuti munthuyo ali ndi mapaleti ang'onoang'ono ambiri.

Zotsatira ziyenera kusanthulidwa nthawi zonse mogwirizana ndi chidziwitso cha chipatala, komanso ndi zotsatira zina zowerengera magazi. Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zosazolowereka zimafunikira kuyesa kwina.

Kuphatikiza apo, munthawi zina, ma platelet amatha kuphatikizana. Amawoneka kuti amapezeka pang'ono pang'ono kapena amawoneka kuti akukulira kukula: nyemba iyenera kutengedwa kuti ifufuze ma platelet molunjika ndi microscope.

Pamapeto pake:

• Ngakhale a kupweteka kwa mafupa sizingathetsedwe ngati zili zachilendo MPV, zifukwa zomwe sizimakhudza fupa ndizofala: matenda otupa ou matenda amadziletsa kuwononga maselo othandiza magazi kuundana;
• Kutsika kwa thrombocytopenia (kutsika kuposa kuchuluka kwa mapulateleti) komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kutsika MPV m'malo mokhudzana ndi kuponderezedwa kwa kupanga maselo ndi m'mafupa: kungakhale funso lakuperewera kwa magazi. A otsika MPV ikhozanso kugwirizana ndi kuchotsedwa splenic (mu ndulu) makamaka popeza ndiye nthawi yayikulu kwambiri ya magazi othandiza magazi kuundana amene achotseredwa;
• Mwa munthu amene alibe mbiri yapita magazi, ndi wabwinobwino chiwerengero cha othandiza magazi kuundana, ndi matenda MPV ndizochepa zothandiza pachipatala. Choncho a MPV akhoza kungosiyana njira yamthupi, ndipo popanda kulumikizana ndi matenda aliwonse.