Mycena (Mycena) chithunzi ndi kufotokoza

Mycenae

:

• Eomycenella
• Galactopus
• Leptomyces
• Mycenoporella
• Mycenopsis
• Mycenula
• Phlebomycena
• Poromycena
• Pseudomycena

Mtundu wa Mycena umaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo, tikukamba za mitundu mazana angapo, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana - oposa 500.

Tanthauzo la Mycena ku zamoyozo nthawi zambiri silingatheke pazifukwa zomveka: palibe kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane za zamoyozo, palibe chomwe chimadziwika ndi fungulo.

Zambiri kapena zochepa zodziwika bwino za mycenae, zomwe "zimadziwika" kuchokera ku misa yonse. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ina ya Mycena ili ndi zofunikira zenizeni zokhalamo. Pali mycenas ndi mitundu yokongola kwambiri ya kapu kapena fungo lapadera kwambiri.

Komabe, pokhala yaying'ono kwambiri (kapu m'mimba mwake siposa 5 cm), mitundu ya Mycena sinakopeke kwambiri ndi akatswiri a mycologists kwa zaka zambiri.

Ngakhale ena mwa akatswiri odziwa bwino za mycologists agwira ntchito ndi mtundu uwu, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale ma monographs awiri akuluakulu (R. Kühner, 1938 ndi AH Smith, 1947), sizinali mpaka zaka za m'ma 1980 pamene Maas Geesteranus anayamba kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa mtunduwo. Kawirikawiri, pakhala pali chidwi chochuluka ku Mycena pakati pa akatswiri a mycologists a ku Ulaya m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi.

Zamoyo zambiri zatsopano zaperekedwa (zofotokozedwa) m'zaka zaposachedwapa ndi Gesteranus (Maas Geesteranus) ndi akatswiri ena a mycologists. Koma palibe mapeto a ntchito imeneyi. Maas Gesteranus adasindikiza chidule chokhala ndi makiyi ozindikiritsa ndi mafotokozedwe, omwe lero ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri pakuzindikiritsa Mycenae. Komabe, atamaliza ntchito yake, anapeza zamoyo zina zambiri zatsopano. Muyenera kuyambiranso kuyambira pachiyambi.

Kafukufuku wa DNA omwe adaphatikizapo zitsanzo za Mycena zosiyanasiyana adawonetsa momveka bwino kuti chomwe tsopano timachitcha kuti "Mycena" ndi gulu losiyana kwambiri la ma genetic, ndipo pamapeto pake tidzapeza mibadwo ingapo yodziyimira pawokha komanso mtundu wawung'ono kwambiri wa Mycena womwe umakhazikika pamtundu wa Mycena. - Mycena galericulata (Mycena woboola pakati). Khulupirirani kapena ayi, Panellus stipticus ikuwoneka kuti ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi bowa wina womwe timayika pano ku Mycenae kuposa mitundu ina yambiri yomwe timaganiza kuti ndi ya mtundu womwewo. ! Mitundu ina ya mycenoid (kapena mycenoid) imaphatikizapo Hemimycena, Hydropus, Roridomyces, Rickenella, ndi ena ochepa.

Maas Geesteranus (gulu la 1992) adagawa mtunduwo m'magawo 38 ndipo adapereka makiyi a gawo lililonse, kuphatikiza mitundu yonse ya Kumpoto kwa Dziko lapansi.

Magawo ambiri ndi osiyanasiyana. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, mtundu umodzi kapena zingapo zimakhala ndi zilembo zopotoka. Kapena zochitika zimatha kusintha kwambiri pakukula kwawo kotero kuti zina mwazinthu zawo zitha kugwira ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa mitundu, mtundu umodzi wokha umaimiridwa m'magulu angapo. Komabe, chiyambire kufalitsidwa kwa buku la Hesteranus, zamoyo zambiri zatsopano zapezeka ndipo zigawo zingapo zatsopano zaperekedwa.

Chilichonse pamwambapa, titero, chiphunzitso, chidziwitso "chachitukuko chonse". Tsopano tiyeni tiyankhule mwachindunji.

Mawonekedwe a kukula ndi chikhalidwe cha chitukuko: mycenoid kapena omphaloid, kapena collibioid. Imakula m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, obalalika kapena amodzi

Gawo lapansi: mtengo wamtundu wanji (wamoyo, wakufa), mtengo wamtundu wanji (coniferous, deciduous), nthaka, zofunda

mutu: kapu khungu losalala, matte kapena chonyezimira, granular, flaky, pubescent kapena yokutidwa ndi zokutira zoyera, kapena yokutidwa ndi gelatinous, filimu yosagwirizana. Maonekedwe a kapu mu bowa achinyamata ndi akale

Records: Kukwera, yopingasa kapena yopingasa, pafupifupi yaulere kapena yomamatira pang'ono, kapena kutsika. Ndikofunikira kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mbale "zodzaza" (kufikira miyendo). M'pofunika kuganizira mosamala momwe mbalezo zimapangidwira, mofanana kapena ayi, ngati pali malire a mtundu

mwendo: Mapangidwe a zamkati kuchokera ku brittle kupita ku cartilaginous kapena osasunthika. Mtundu ndi yunifolomu kapena ndi madera akuda. Ubweya kapena wamaliseche. Kodi pali kukulitsa kuchokera pansi ndi mapangidwe a basal disc, ndikofunika kuyang'ana pamunsi, akhoza kuphimbidwa ndi ulusi wautali wautali.

Msuzi. Ma Mycenae ena pamitengo yosweka ndipo, nthawi zambiri, zisoti zimatulutsa madzi amtundu wake.

Futa: mafangasi, caustic, mankhwala, wowawasa, zamchere, zosasangalatsa, zamphamvu kapena zofooka. Kuti mumve kununkhira bwino, ndikofunikira kuswa bowa, kuphwanya mbale

Kukumana. Chenjerani! Mitundu yambiri ya mycenae - woopsa. Lawani bowa pokhapokha ngati mukudziwa momwe mungachitire bwino. Sikokwanira kunyambita kagawo ka bowa zamkati. Mukungofunika kutafuna kachidutswa kakang'ono, "kuwaza" kuti mumve kukoma. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kulavula zamkati za bowa ndikutsuka pakamwa panu bwino ndi madzi.

Bazidi 2 kapena 4 spore

Mikangano kawirikawiri spiny, kawirikawiri pafupifupi cylindrical kapena spherical, kawirikawiri amyloid, kawirikawiri sanali amyloid

Cheilocystia zooneka ngati club, non-pyrolow, fusiform, lageniform kapena, zochepa, zozungulira, zosalala, zanthambi, kapena zowoneka bwino kapena zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Pleurocystidia zambiri, zosowa kapena kulibe

Pileipellis hyphae diverticular, kawirikawiri yosalala

Hyphae wa cortical wosanjikiza pedicels ndi yosalala kapena diverticulated, nthawi zina ndi ma terminal cell kapena calocystidia.

mbale tram vinyo wobiriwira mpaka purplish-bulauni mu reagent ya Meltzer, nthawi zina imakhala yosasinthika

Mitundu ina ya Mycenae ikuwonetsedwa patsamba la Mycenae Mushrooms. Mafotokozedwe akuwonjezedwa pang'onopang'ono.

Pazithunzi zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi, zithunzi za Vitaly ndi Andrey zinagwiritsidwa ntchito.