Nephrectomy (yochepa kapena yonse) ndiyo kuchotsa impso. Impso zathu, ziŵiri mwachiŵerengero, zimagwira ntchito monga malo oyeretsera mwazi m’thupi, kutulutsa zonyansa m’njira ya mkodzo. Impso imodzi imatha kuchotsedwa chifukwa cha zotupa, kapena kupereka chiwalo. Mutha kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri ndi impso imodzi yokha.

Nephrectomy ndi opaleshoni yochotsa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa chimodzi mwazo chiuno. 

Udindo wa impso

Impso ndi zofunika kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino. Zowonadi, amagwira ntchito ngati fyuluta ya zinyalala. Iwo nthawi zonse amalandira magazi ndi kuchotsa zinthu zosafunika kuchokera mmenemo, zomwe zidzachotsedwa ngati mkodzo. Amapanganso timadzi ta erythropoietin, timene timagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maselo ofiira a magazi. Ntchito zawo zimaphatikizaponso kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso kupanga vitamini D kuti alimbitse mafupa.

Amakhala kumunsi kumbuyo, mbali zonse za msana. 

Impso zimapangidwa ndi mitsempha ya magazi, renal parenchyma (yomwe imatulutsa mkodzo), ndi machubu otulutsa mkodzo kunja kwa thupi.

Zonse kapena pang'ono?

Nephrectomies imatha kukhala yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kutengera kuchuluka ndi kukula kwa impso.

• Nephrectomies onse kuchotsa impso yonse. Ngati ma lymph nodes ozungulira achotsedwa mu impso, ndiye nephrectomy yonse. kukodzedwa, pa nkhani ya khansa ya impso yomwe yayamba.
• Nephrectomies mopanda phindu, mwachitsanzo kuchotsa chotupa kapena kuchiza matenda, kupanga zotheka sungani impso. Gawo la aimpso parenchyma nthawi zambiri limachotsedwa komanso njira yofananira yotuluka.
• Nephrectomies awiri (kapena binephrectomy) ndi kuchotsedwa kwa impso zonse ziwiri, nthawi zovuta kwambiri (wodwalayo amagonekedwa m'chipatala pogwiritsa ntchito impso zopangira).

  Mtundu uwu wa nephrectomy umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa opereka ziwalo omwe amwalira ndi imfa ya ubongo. Pankhaniyi, impso zikhoza kuziika kwa wodwala n'zogwirizana. Zopereka zamtunduwu zimapulumutsa zikwi za odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la impso chaka chilichonse.

Kukonzekera nephrectomy

Monga musanachite opaleshoni, ndi bwino kuti musasute kapena kumwa m'masiku apitawa. Kuyesedwa koyambirira kwa anesthesia kudzachitidwa.

Avereji ya kuchipatala

Nephrectomy imafuna opaleshoni yolemetsa ndi kupumula kwa wodwala / wopereka. Kutalika kwa chipatala kotero pakati 4 ndi 15 masiku kutengera wodwala, nthawi zina mpaka masabata 4 pazochitika zosowa (monga zotupa). The convalescence ndiye kumatenga pafupifupi 3 milungu.

Ndemanga mwatsatanetsatane

Opaleshoniyo imakhala pansi pa anesthesia wamba, ndipo imatha pafupifupi maola awiri (nthawi yosinthika). Pali njira zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi cholinga.

• Celioscopie

  Pankhani ya nephrectomy yapang'onopang'ono, monga kuchotsa chotupa cha impso, dokotala wa opaleshoni amaika zida popanda "kutsegula" wodwalayo, pogwiritsa ntchito zodulidwa bwino pambali ya chiuno. Izi zimapangitsa kuchepetsa kukula kwa zipsera komanso zoopsa zake.

• Laparotomy

  Ngati impso iyenera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu (total nephrectomy), ndiye kuti dokotala wa opaleshoni amapanga laparotomy: pogwiritsa ntchito scalpel amapanga kudulidwa kwakukulu kumbali ya chiuno kuti athe kuchotsa impso zomwe zikugwira ntchito. .

• Thandizo la robotic

  Ndichizoloŵezi chatsopano, chomwe sichinafalikire kwambiri koma chothandiza: ntchito yothandizidwa ndi robot. Dokotala wochita opaleshoni amawongolera loboti patali, zomwe nthawi zina zimapangitsa kuti zisasunthe kapena kuwongolera kulondola kwa opaleshoniyo.

Malingana ndi cholinga cha opaleshoniyo, dokotalayo amachotsa impso, kapena mbali yake, ndiye "kutseka" kutsegula komwe adapanga, pogwiritsa ntchito sutures.

Kenaka wodwalayo amakhala chigonere, nthawi zina miyendo yake imakwezedwa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino.

Zowopsa panthawi ya opaleshoni

Opaleshoni iliyonse imakhala ndi zoopsa: kutuluka magazi, matenda, kapena kuchira.

Zovuta zaposachedwa

Nephectomy ndi ntchito yovuta, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatsatiridwa ndi zovuta. Tikuwona mwa zina:

• Kutaya magazi
• Fistula ya mkodzo
• Zipsera zofiira

Mulimonsemo, kambiranani izi musanachite opaleshoni komanso pambuyo pake ndi urologist wanu.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi

M'masiku ndi masabata otsatirawa, timalangiza kuti tisamachite masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri komanso kuchita khama.

Chithandizo cha anticoagulant chimatengedwa kuti chithandizire kuchira.

Kupereka chiwalo

Ichi ndi chifukwa "chodziwika" kwambiri cha nephrectomy, makamaka mu chikhalidwe chodziwika. Kupereka kwa impso kumatheka kuchokera kwa wopereka wamoyo, nthawi zambiri kuchokera kubanja lapafupi kuti akwaniritse kugwirizana kwa kumuika. Mutha kukhala ndi impso imodzi yokha, kugwiritsa ntchito dialysis pafupipafupi komanso kusintha moyo wanu.

Zopereka izi nthawi zina zimapangidwa kuchokera kwa opereka ziwalo omwe amwalira ndi kufa kwaubongo (impso zikadali bwino).

Khansa, zotupa ndi matenda aakulu a impso

Khansara ya impso ndi chifukwa china chachikulu cha nephroctomies. Ngati zotupazo ndi zazing'ono, ndizotheka kuzichotsa popanda kuchotsa impso zonse (partial nephrectomy). Kumbali inayi, chotupa chomwe chidzafalikira ku impso yonse chimapangitsa kuti chiwonongeke.