Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | Number | Lamulo ** | % yachibadwa mu 100 g | % yachibadwa mu 100 kcal | 100% ya zachilendo |
| Kalori | 9 kcal | 1684 kcal | 0.5% | 5.6% | 18711 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 2.4 ga | 76 ga | 3.2% | 35.6% | 3167 ga |
| mafuta | 0.7 ga | 56 ga | 1.3% | 14.4% | 8000 ga |
| Zakudya | 0.5 ga | 219 ga | 0.2% | 2.2% | 43800 ga |
| Zakudya za zakudya | 1.2 ga | 20 ga | 6% | 66.7% | 1667 ga |
| Water | 83.5 ga | 2273 ga | 3.7% | 41.1% | 2722 ga |
| ash | 0.5 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| beta carotenes | 0.0343 mg | 5 mg | 0.7% | 7.8% | 14577 ga |
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.03 mg | 1.5 mg | 2% | 22.2% | 5000 ga |
| Vitamini B2, Riboflavin | 0.27 mg | 1.8 mg | 15% | 166.7% | 667 ga |
| Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.3 mg | 2 mg | 15% | 166.7% | 667 ga |
| Vitamini B9, folate | 30 mcg | 400 mcg | 7.5% | 83.3% | 1333 ga |
| Vitamini C, ascorbic | 12 mg | 90 mg | 13.3% | 147.8% | 750 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 0.0002 mg | 15 mg | 7500000 ga | ||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 59.6 mg | 2500 mg | 2.4% | 26.7% | 4195 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 0.76 mg | 1000 mg | 0.1% | 1.1% | 131579 ga |
| Pakachitsulo, Si | 2.1 mg | 30 mg | 7% | 77.8% | 1429 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 5.49 mg | 400 mg | 1.4% | 15.6% | 7286 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 2.2 mg | 1300 mg | 0.2% | 2.2% | 59091 ga |
| Sulufule, S | 5 mg | 1000 mg | 0.5% | 5.6% | 20000 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 23.3 mg | 800 mg | 2.9% | 32.2% | 3433 ga |
| Mankhwala, Cl | 1.1 mg | 2300 mg | 209091 ga | ||
| mchere | |||||
| Zotayidwa, Al | 368.1 p | ~ | |||
| [Adasankhidwa] Boron, B. | 1.5 p | ~ | |||
| Vanadium, V | 0.5 p | ~ | |||
| Iron, Faith | 1.3 mg | 18 mg | 7.2% | 80% | 1385 ga |
| Ayodini, ine | 5 p | 150 mcg | 3.3% | 36.7% | 3000 ga |
| Cobalt, Co. | 0.77 p | 10 p | 7.7% | 85.6% | 1299 |
| Lifiyamu, Li | 5.4 p | ~ | |||
| Manganese, Mn | 0.0445 mg | 2 mg | 2.2% | 24.4% | 4494 ga |
| Mkuwa, Cu | 1456 p | 1000 mcg | 145.6% | 1617.8% | 69 ga |
| Mzinda wa Molybdenum, Mo | 0.77 p | 70 mcg | 1.1% | 12.2% | 9091 ga |
| Nickel, ndi | 6.4 p | ~ | |||
| Rubidium, Rb | 225.8 p | ~ | |||
| Selenium, Ngati | 5.6 p | 55 mcg | 10.2% | 113.3% | 982 ga |
| Chromium, Cr | 5.3 p | 50 mcg | 10.6% | 117.8% | 943 ga |
| Nthaka, Zn | 14 mg | 12 mg | 116.7% | 1296.7% | 86 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| Mono ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 0.5 ga | zazikulu 100 g | |||
| Mafuta okhutira | |||||
| Nasadenie mafuta acids | 0.118 ga | zazikulu 18.7 g | |||
| 10: 0 Kapuli | 0.01 ga | ~ | |||
| 14: 0 Zachinsinsi | 0.07 ga | ~ | |||
| 16: 0 Palmitic | 0.073 ga | ~ | |||
| 18: 0 Stearic | 0.014 ga | ~ | |||
| Monounsaturated mafuta zidulo | 0.128 ga | Mphindi 16.8 g | 0.8% | 8.9% | |
| 16: 1 Palmitoleic | 0.005 ga | ~ | |||
| 18: 1 Oleic (Omega-9) | 0.088 ga | ~ | |||
| Mafuta a Polyunsaturated acids | 0.249 ga | kuchokera 11.2-20.6 g | 2.2% | 24.4% | |
| 18: 2 Linoleic | 0.249 ga | ~ | |||
| Omega-6 mafuta acids | 0.25 ga | kuchokera 4.7 mpaka 16.8 g | 5.3% | 58.9% |
Mphamvu ndi 9 kcal.
- vitamini B2 imakhudzidwa ndikuchita kwa redox, kumathandizira kuti mitundu ya zowunikira zowonera itengeke komanso kusintha kwamdima. Mavitamini B2 osakwanira amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya thanzi la khungu, nembanemba ya mucous, kuwonongeka kwa kuwala ndi kuwunika kwamadzulo.
- vitamini B6 amatenga nawo gawo poyang'anira chitetezo cha mthupi, njira zoletsa ndi chisangalalo mu dongosolo lamanjenje chapakati, pakusintha kwa amino acid, tryptophan metabolism, lipids ndi nucleic acid zimathandizira pakupanga maselo ofiira, kusamalira magawo abwinobwino a homocysteine m'magazi. Kusakwanira kudya vitamini B6 kumayendera limodzi ndi kusowa kwa njala, kuwonongeka kwa khungu, kukula kwa zomwe zapezedwa, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi.
- vitamini C amatenga nawo mbali pazomwe zimachitika mu redox, chitetezo chamthupi, chimathandiza thupi kuyamwa chitsulo. Kuperewera kumabweretsa kumasuka ndi kutuluka magazi m'kamwa, kutuluka magazi m'mphuno chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuperewera ndi kufooka kwa ma capillaries amwazi.
- Mkuwa ndi gawo la michere yokhala ndi ntchito ya redox ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi kagayidwe kazitsulo, imathandizira kuyamwa kwa mapuloteni ndi chakudya. Amakhudzidwa ndi momwe thupi lathu limagwirira ntchito ndi mpweya. Kuperewera kumawonetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mapangidwe a mtima ndi mafupa a kukula kwa mafinya a dysplasia.
- nthaka imaphatikizidwa ndi michere yoposa 300 yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kaphatikizidwe ndi kuwonongeka kwa chakudya, mapuloteni, mafuta, ma nucleic acid komanso kuwongolera kufotokozera kwamitundu ingapo. Kulephera kudya kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa magazi, kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi, chiwindi cha chiwindi, kukanika kwa kugonana, kupezeka kwa zovuta za mwana wosabadwayo. Kafukufuku waposachedwa awulula kuthekera kwa kuchuluka kwa zinc wochuluka kuti athetse kuyamwa kwa mkuwa motero kumathandizira kukulitsa kuchepa kwa magazi.
Chikwatu chathunthu chazinthu zofunikira zomwe mungawone mu pulogalamuyi.
Mtengo wamtengo wapatali kapena calorific ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi yomwe chigayidwe. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya chinthucho imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya, yomwe imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya", kotero ngati mutchula mtengo wa caloric mu (kilo) woyambira kilogalamu nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa. Magome ochulukirapo amphamvu zamagetsi pazogulitsa zaku Russia zomwe mungathe kuziwona.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni mankhwala.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangidwa ndi chakudya, kupezeka komwe kumakwaniritsa zosowa za munthu pazinthu zofunikira ndi mphamvu.
Mavitamini aliZinthu zofunikira zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini ambiri amapezeka monga zomera, osati nyama. Chofunikira tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zochita kupanga mavitamini pamene kutentha. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.