Paraphrenia ndizovuta kwambiri za paranoid delirium, zopanda chidziwitso, pomwe dziko lachinyengo liri pamwamba pa dziko lenileni. Ndi mtundu wopepuka wa schizophrenia. Paraphrenia imakhalabe yophunziridwa pang'ono komanso yodziwika pang'ono m'zaka zaposachedwa. Ngati sichikugwirizana ndi matenda a mitsempha, chithandizo cha khalidwe chingachepetse chinyengo ndikusintha moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wamaganizo wa wodwalayo.

Tanthauzo la paraphrenia

Paraphrenia ndizovuta kwambiri za paranoid delirium, zopanda chidziwitso, pomwe dziko lachinyengo liri pamwamba pa dziko lenileni. Paraphrenia imasiyanitsidwa ndi schizophrenia pokhala ndi zochitika zocheperapo komanso kukula kwa matenda pang'onopang'ono.

Moyo wa wodwalayo umakhudzidwa pang'ono, savutika ndi vuto la anthu, choncho kufunikira kochepa kwambiri kwa chisamaliro cha odwala. Komabe, izi siziyenera kuchepetsa zenizeni ndi zotsatira za matendawa.

Mitundu ya paraphrenias

Malinga ndi gulu lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu 1913 ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo wa ku Germany Emil Kraepelin, pali mitundu inayi ya paraphrenia:

• Systematic paraphrenia ndi yofala kwambiri. Delirium ndi yokhazikika pamenepo ndipo imakhudza mphamvu zisanu;
• Expansive paraphrenia, kumene wodwala - nthawi zambiri akazi - ali ndi chinyengo cha ukulu, kapena mtundu wa exuberant megalomania;
• Confabulatory paraphrenia, mwachitsanzo ndi kukhalapo kwa zikumbutso zabodza kapena zokumbukira zabodza - monga kupanga munthu wa mbiri yakale ndikuwonetsetsa kuti analikodi - kwinaku akusunga zolengedwa zongoyerekeza zolumikizana pakati pawo. Imayamba kale kuposa paraphrenias, pakati pa zaka 20 ndi 40;
• Fantastic paraphrenia nthawi zambiri imayamba ndi nkhawa komanso kudana ndi malo omwe munthu amakhala. Kukula kwa malingaliro a megalomaniacal kumatsatira ndipo kumakhala, pakapita nthawi, kukhala kosagwirizana komanso mopambanitsa. Delirium ili ndi mawonekedwe osadziwika komanso osagwirizana.

Koma kuyambira pamenepo, si madokotala onse amisala amene amavomereza za gulu limeneli. Ndipo angapo a iwo, monga Ey, Nodet kapena Kleist, amapereka, kuwonjezera kapena kusinthidwa, mitundu ina ya paraphrenia:

• Melancholic paraphrenia imayandikira psychosis wamba, popanda kugwirizanitsa paraphrenia ndi kusokonezeka kwa zochitika zamatsenga, zowawa zowawa kapena machitidwe a melancholic;
• Hypochondriac paraphrenia, mawu amene makamaka paranoid. Mtundu woterewu wa paraphrenia nthawi zambiri umapita patsogolo mpaka kufika kuzinthu zopanda pake komanso zomveka bwino za thupi, ndi kuwonongeka kwapang'onopang'ono;
• Paraphrenia yosagwirizana imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chinyengo chosagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa umunthu kosasinthika;
• Fonimic paraphrenia imaphatikizapo kuyerekezera zinthu m'mawu ndi mawu.

Palinso mitundu yophatikizana yomwe mitundu iwiri kapena yambiri ya paraphrenias imakhalapo.

Zifukwa za paraphrenia

Kafukufuku wochepa kwambiri pankhaniyi wachitika zaka 70 zapitazi, kulungamitsa chidziwitso chochepa chokhudza zomwe zimayambitsa paraphrenia.

Paraphrenia imatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi:

• Matenda a neurodegenerative;
• Chotupa;
• Ngozi yaubongo.

Kuzindikira kwa paraphrenia

Paraphrenia, monga matenda ambiri achinyengo, sadziwika bwino. Mwachitsanzo, silinatchulidwe mu Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) kapena mu International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).

Choncho, nthawi zambiri, akatswiri a zamaganizo amazindikira kuti matendawa ndi "atypical psychosis", "schizoaffective disorder" kapena "delusional disorder" chifukwa cha kusowa kwa gulu lodziwika bwino.

Anthu okhudzidwa ndi paraphrenia

Pakati pa 2 ndi 4% anthu amatha kukhudzidwa ndi paraphrenia, nthawi zambiri amakhala anthu azaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 45.

Ndipo 10% yokha ya anthu omwe amagonekedwa m'chipatala chifukwa cha zovuta zachinyengo angakhale ndi paraphrenia.

Zomwe zimayambitsa paraphrenia

Zinthu zomwe zingayambitse paraphrenia ndi:

• Kuwonongeka kwamalingaliro;
• Kudzipatula pagulu;
• Zochitika zovuta komanso zofunika, monga tsankho, zochititsa manyazi ndi zoopseza, imfa ya okondedwa kapena kusokonezeka kwa maganizo kwa achibale.

Zina zomwe zikukayikiridwa, koma zosoweka umboni, ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

• Maphunziro onyalanyaza;
• Kusungulumwa kapena kusakwatira.

Zosokoneza za Paranoid

Munthu wodwala paraphrenia amapereka magawo achinyengo omwe mitu yawo nthawi zambiri imakhala yongopeka, yodabwitsa, koma yomwe imakhala yolongosoka mogwirizana ndi kusasinthasintha. Wodwala nthawi zambiri amagwirizana kwambiri ndi malingaliro ake, koma osati monga momwe amachitira ndi paranoia.

Hallucinations

Paraphrenia imayambitsa kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo. Kwa magawo awiri mwa atatu a iwo ndi zilubwebwebwebwebwetabweta: munthu amamva mawu.

Kukhulupirika kwa ubale wa munthuyo ndi zenizeni

Luntha, mnemonic kapena pragmatic mphamvu - maphunziro, akatswiri, chikhalidwe - a munthu paraphrenic amasungidwa.

Thandizo lamakhalidwe ndi chidziwitso limachita mwachangu kwambiri pazabodza zolumikizidwa ndi paraphrenia. Komabe, mphamvu imeneyi imakonda kuchepa ndi kukula kwa matendawa.

Antipsychotics ndi mankhwala ena a neuroleptic amakhalabe osagwira ntchito. Komabe, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuwongolera zochitika za hallucinatory.

Palibe choletsa chenicheni cha paraphrenia, kupatula kutsatira mosamalitsa chithandizo chake kuti muchepetse kuyambiranso.