Zamkatimu
Matenda a periodontitis
Periodontitis ndi kutupa kwa minofu yomwe imazungulira ndikuthandizira mano, yotchedwa "periodontium". Minofu imeneyi ndi monga chingamu, ulusi wothandizira wotchedwa periodontium, ndi fupa limene mano amakhazikika.
Periodontitis ndi matenda a bakiteriya, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimafooka.
Periodontitis nthawi zambiri imayamba ndi kutupa kwa chingamu (gingivitis) yomwe imafalikira pang'onopang'ono ku minofu ya fupa, kupanga "matumba" omwe ali ndi kachilombo pakati pa chingamu ndi dzino.
Popanda chithandizo, periodontitis imatha kuwononga mafupa ndi kumasula kapena kutha mano.
ndemanga Pali mitundu ingapo ya periodontitis ndipo magulu awo akhala akukangana. Akatswiri amalankhula makamaka za "matenda a periodontal", omwe amaphatikizapo kuukira konse kwa periodontium. Gulu laposachedwa kwambiri limasiyanitsa gingivitis (yowoneka bwino kwambiri) ndi periodontitis yomwe imakhudza fupa1. |
Mitundu ya periodontitis
Pakati pa periodontitis, timasiyanitsa:
- matenda periodontitis, amene ali wodekha ndi zolimbitsa mlingo wa kupitirira.
- Aggressive periodontitis, yomwe imatha kukhala yokhazikika kapena yokhazikika.
Periodontitis imathanso kuchitika limodzi ndi matenda monga shuga, khansa kapena kachilombo ka HIV / AIDS, mwachitsanzo. Madokotala amano ndiye amalankhula periodontitis kugwirizana ndi matenda ambiri.
Njira ina m'gulu periodontitis zachokera m`badwo isanayambike matenda. Choncho, tikhoza kusiyanitsa:
- periodontitis wamkulu, amene nthawi zambiri kwambiri.
- oyambirira periodontitis ana ndi achinyamata, amene patsogolo mofulumira.
Ndani akukhudzidwa?
Malinga ndi magwero, matenda a periodontal akuti amakhudza, mosiyanasiyana, 20 mpaka 50% ya akuluakulu m'mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi.2.
Bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO) likuyerekeza, kutengera maphunziro 80 m'mayiko oposa 30, kuti 10 mpaka 15% ya akuluakulu amadwala matenda a periodontitis padziko lonse lapansi.1.
Kafukufuku waposachedwapa ku United States akutsimikizira kuti pafupifupi theka la akuluakulu ali ndi periodontitis yofatsa, yochepetsetsa kapena yoopsa. Kukula ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa kumawonjezeka ndi zaka. Kafukufuku yemweyu akuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi 65% ya anthu opitilira zaka 65 ali ndi matenda am'mimba kapena owopsa.3.
Aggressive periodontitis, yomwe imakhudza achinyamata kwambiri, imakhala yosowa. Akuti akhudza 0,1 mpaka 0,2% ya anthu ku Europe, komanso mpaka 5 mpaka 10% ya anthu aku North America ochokera ku Puerto Rico kapena ku Africa.4.
Zimayambitsa matenda
Periodontitis ndi matenda oyambira ovuta omwe amaphatikizapo zinthu ziwiri:
- mabakiteriya am'kamwa, ovulaza kapena "oyambitsa matenda".
- chitetezo chamthupi chofooka kapena chosagwira ntchito, chomwe chimalola mabakiteriyawa kuti apeze nthaka ndikuchulukana.
Zinthu zingapo zingapangitse kuti pakhale matenda a periodontitis monga fodya, matenda, zakudya zopanda thanzi, etc.
Periodontitis ingakhalenso chiwonetsero chokhudzana ndi matenda ena, monga matenda a shuga (onani gawo lakuti "anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo ndi zoopsa").
Mazana a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabakiteriya amakhala mkamwa. Zina ndi zopindulitsa koma zina ndi zovulaza m'kamwa. Mabakiteriyawa amapanga filimu pa mkamwa ndi mano, yomwe ndi mbale.
Zolemba zamanozi zimachotsedwa mukatsuka mano, koma zimasintha msanga ndipo zimatha kulimba kukhala tartar.
M'masiku ochepa, tartar imatha kuyambitsa kutupa kwa mkamwa wotchedwa gingivitis. Pang'onopang'ono, ngati chitetezo cha mthupi sichichita mwamphamvu mokwanira, kulinganiza pakati pa mabakiteriya "abwino" ndi "oyipa" kumakwiyitsa. Mabakiteriya owopsa ngati Porphyromonas gingivalis adzalanda ndi kuukira mkamwa, kuwononga minofu yozungulira. Umu ndi momwe periodontitis imayambira. Mtundu uliwonse wa periodontitis umagwirizana ndi mtundu wina wa mabakiteriya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuphunzira za matendawa kukhala zovuta kwambiri.5.
Zochitika komanso zovuta
Periodontitis imachitika pamene gingivitis ikupita popanda chithandizo ndikupita patsogolo. Popanda chithandizo, periodontitis imatha kutulutsa dzino.
Matenda a periodontitis akuluakulu amapita pang'onopang'ono, zaka zingapo.
Aggressive periodontitis imayamba muunyamata kapena asanakwanitse zaka 30 ndipo ikupita patsogolo.
Komanso, matenda periodontitis kugwirizana ndi kutupa kwa nthawi yaitali, amene ali ndi zotsatira zoipa pa chamoyo lonse ndipo akhoza kuonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, pakati pa ena.6.