Kuwonekera kwa ziphuphu pamphuno kumakhala kofala, makamaka pazaka zaunyamata zikakhala chifukwa cha ziphuphu. Matenda ena akhungu amatha kupangitsa ziphuphu kapena zotupa kumphuno.

Ziphuphu zimatchula mitundu ingapo ya zotupa mu dermatology. Izi zikhoza kukhala pustules (ziphuphu zakuda), papules (ziphuphu zofiira), zotupa, mitsempha (zotupa zofiira) kapena zilonda zosiyanasiyana. Ziphuphu pamphuno zimatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana kutengera dermatosis yomwe ikufunsidwayo.

Mphuno ndi malo omwe ziphuphu zimawonekera kawirikawiri. Khungu la mphuno limazindikira, limayang'aniridwa ndi chilengedwe (kuipitsa, fumbi, ndi zina zambiri) ndipo ndi malo opangira sebum.

Nthawi zambiri, ziphuphu pamphuno zimakhala zotupa: ma comedones (mitu yakuda) pamapiko a mphuno, pustules kapena papules. Amatha kudzipatula, koma nthawi zambiri munthu wokhala ndi ziphuphu pamphuno amakhalanso pamphumi, pachibwano, kapena pankhope ponse.

Zikakhala kuti pali ziphuphu zokha pamphuno, pamafunika kufunsa ndi dermatologist. Mwambiri, kuthamanga kwatsopano kulikonse, komwe kulibe kapena kopanda malungo, kumayenera kuyambitsa kukambirana, makamaka kwa ana.

Kutengera mlanduwo, mabataniwo akhoza kutsagana ndi:

• ululu;
• kutupa
• kapena kuyabwa.

Nthawi zambiri, ziphuphu pamphuno zimakhala ziphuphu. Ziphuphu ndi dermatosis yofala kwambiri, yomwe imakhudza magawo 80% a achinyamata, komanso pafupifupi kotala la akulu (makamaka akazi). Pakatikati pa nkhope ndi "chandamale" chofala cha ziphuphu, makamaka mdera lamapiko a mphuno.

Pali mitundu ingapo yamatenda:

• ziphuphu papulopustular: ndi ulaliki pafupipafupi, amagwirizana microcysts ndi papules, komanso comedones (blackheads) ndi pustules;
• ziphuphu zakumaso: zotupa zopanda kutupa, kuphatikiza ma comedones ndi ma microcysts. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala vuto la ziphuphu zakumayambiriro kwaubwana;
• nodular kapena conglobata acne, ndi fulminans acne: awa ndi mitundu yayikulu komanso yamatenda yamatenda, yomwe imadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa mitsempha yotupa (nkhope ndi thunthu). Ziphuphu kapena fistula zimatha kupanga. Zilondazo ndizochuluka ndipo sizimapezeka pamphuno zokha;
• ziphuphu zakumaso: chifukwa cha kukhudzana ndi zinthu zina monga mafuta amchere, mafuta osapsa, zotumphukira za malasha, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, etc.

Zilonda zomwe zili pamphuno nthawi zambiri zimakhudzana ndi kutha msinkhu. Atakula, ziphuphu zimakhudza nkhope yakumunsi kwambiri.

Mitundu ina yamatenda akhungu imatha kuyambitsa zilonda pamphuno.

Zitha kukhala:

• Wart (chotupa choyambitsa matenda a papillomavirus ya anthu), chofanana ndi ulusi kapena chofewa;
• roza;
• papulopustular rosacea;
• kugwiritsa ntchito zodzoladzola zotsika kwambiri;
• mawanga, timadontho-timadontho, nevus, zotupa zotupa (ngakhale khansa ya pakhungu) kapena zotupa zitha kuwonekera pamphuno;
• kulumidwa ndi tizilombo;
• kapenanso ngakhale ziwengo pakhungu.

Matenda opatsirana, makamaka omwe amachitika ali mwana, amathanso kuyambitsa ziphuphu kumaso. Izi ndizochitika ndi nkhuku.

Kwa mitundu yonse ya zotupa, maphunzirowa amasiyanasiyana kutengera chifukwa ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana (zaka, kuwonekera padzuwa, chithandizo, ndi zina zambiri). Izi zati, ziphuphu zimakhala ndi dermatosis yochepa, koma imatha kukulirakulira pakapita nthawi (kenako icheperachepera). Timadontho-timadontho kapena nevi atha, ngati asintha mawonekedwe, utoto kapena kukhala opweteka, amatha kukhala chizindikiro cha khansa yapakhungu. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti aziwayang'anira pafupipafupi ndi dermatologist.

Pomaliza, dziwani kuti ziphuphu pamphuno, pakati pomwe pankhope pake, sizowoneka bwino ndipo zimatha kupatsa nkhawa anthu omwe akuvutika nawo. Zitha kukhalanso zopweteka, kutenga kachilomboka ndikusiya zipsera, zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri.

Pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amapezeka motsutsana ndi ziphuphu. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ochepa osavuta kupewa zotupa:

• pewani kuthana ndi ziphuphu, pachiwopsezo chowakweza ndi kukulitsa ziphuphu;
• gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala aukhondo oyenera khungu la acne (osati comedogenic);
• kuletsa kuyeretsa mobwerezabwereza ndi mankhwala oledzeretsa kapena antiseptic;
• kwa amayi, chotsani zodzoladzola usiku uliwonse kuti zisawonongeke pores;
• gwiritsani ntchito kuteteza dzuwa koyenera kwa ziphuphu kapena khungu losakanikirana (dzuwa limachepetsa kwakanthawi kutentha koma kumatsatiridwa ndi kuphulika kwa ziphuphu kugwa);
• palibe kafukufuku wasayansi yemwe watsimikizira kuti pali mgwirizano pakati pa zakudya ndi ziphuphu pano.

Zinthu zina zachilengedwe (zinki, mafuta a tiyi…) zitha kukhala zothandiza polimbana ndi ziphuphu.

Kumbali ya zonona ndi mankhwala, mankhwala angapo angagwiritsidwe ntchito, malingana ndi kuopsa kwa ziphuphu ndi mtundu wa zilonda. Cholinga cha chithandizo ndi kuchepetsa kupanga ndi kusunga sebum komanso kuchepetsa kutupa.

Pakakhala ziphuphu zochepa pang'ono, dermatologist ipereka chithandizo cham'deralo:

• zonona zochokera ku retinoin;
• zonona zochokera benzoyl peroxide;
• mankhwala am'deralo;
• azelaic acid gel kapena kirimu.

Pakakhala ziphuphu zambiri (nkhope yonse, kumbuyo) maantibayotiki am'kamwa, mahomoni (njira zolerera kapena mankhwala a anti-androgen) kapena chithandizo champhamvu kwambiri nthawi zina chitha kuperekedwa.

Ngati ziphuphu pamphuno siziphuphu zamatenda, dermatologist ipereka njira zina zothetsera zilondazo. Izi zitha kukhala mafuta amtundu wa corticosteroid, mankhwala a laser, kuchotsedwa kwa mankhwala (pakachitika chinthu chokhumudwitsa mwachitsanzo), kapena chithandizo chotsutsana ndi nkhwangwa. Mukakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa, mabataniwo amatha msanga patangopita masiku ochepa.