Prevention

Chithandizo chamankhwala

Chithandizo chimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwake ndi malo ake chotupa. Kutengera siteji ya khansa, gulu lachipatala litha kuchitidwa opaleshoni, radiotherapy kapena chemotherapy. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa kuti awononge maselo a khansa, kuchepetsa kufalikira kwawo ku ziwalo zina za thupi ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kubwereza.

Kwa munthu aliyense yemwe ali ndi khansa yapakhosi, kusankha kwa chithandizo kumakambidwa panthawi yamagulu osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi opaleshoni ya ENT, opaleshoni ya opaleshoni, radiotherapist, oncologist, ndi chisankho chomwe chimatengedwa pambuyo pa chidziwitso ndi kukambirana ndi wodwalayo.

Opaleshoni

• Kuchotsa maselo a khansa ndi opaleshoni ya endoscopic. Ngati khansa ikuyambabe, dokotala akhoza kuwononga maselo a khansa ndi laser kapena popanda laser. Kuchitapo kanthu kumeneku kumasiya zotsatirapo zochepa kapena zotsalira.
• La partial laryngectomy kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa mbali ya kholingo yomwe yakhudzidwa ndi chotupacho. Kuchitapo kanthu kumeneku kungakhudze kulankhula ndi mphamvu zopuma, koma pali njira zomanganso m'phuno zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa zotsatira zake.
• La cordectomie kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa mbali yokha ya mawu okhudzidwawo.
• La pharyngectomie kumaphatikizapo kuchotsa mbali ya pharynx. Chiwalocho chikhoza kumangidwanso kuti chichepetse sequelae ndikuwonetsetsa kumeza kwabwinobwino.
• La matenda a laryngectomie. Ngati khansa yakula, mungafunikire kuchotsa kholingo lonse ndikutsegula pakhosi lomwe limalumikizana ndi trachea kuti mpweya ulowe m'mapapo (tracheostomy). Pambuyo pakuchitapo kanthu kotere, munthu wochitidwa opaleshoniyo ayenera kuyambiranso kulankhula mothandizidwa ndi wolankhula mawu.
• THEmwachiwonekere (kuyeretsa) zigawenga. Ngati nodes amakhudzidwa kapena mitundu ina ya khansa, m`pofunika kuchotsa akhudzidwa mfundo mu ntchito yomweyo kuchotsa pharyngolaryngeal chotupa. Chithandizo cha radiation chowononga maselo otsala a khansa nthawi zambiri chimawonetsedwa.

Radiotherapy

Ma X-ray amphamvu kwambiri nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunikira ma cell a khansa. Timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kutengera pa khansa yapakhosi, chifukwa amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zotsatira za kuwala. Makhansa ena oyambilira amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi radiation therapy, koma nthawi zina chithandizo cha radiation chiyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi opaleshoni kuchotsa maselo a khansa omwe sangawonongeke panthawi ya opaleshoni kapena kuchepetsa chotupacho asanachite opaleshoni. kuchotsa opaleshoni.

Chithandizo cha radiation chingakhale chotsimikizika Zotsatira zoyipa : kuyanika kwambiri pakhungu monga "kupsa ndi dzuwa", zotupa za pharyngolaryngeal mucous nembanemba zomwe zimapangitsa kumeza ndi kulankhula kukhala kovuta, kutayika kwa kukoma, kunyoza kwa mawu omwe nthawi zambiri amatha pambuyo pa kutha kwa radiotherapy.

Asanayambe chithandizo cha radiotherapy, ndikofunikira kuyezetsa mano kuti apewe zovuta, chifukwa radiotherapy iyi ndi yankhanza pamano ndi mkamwa. Kuwunika kwa mano kumatha kuyambitsa chisamaliro choteteza mano ngati kuli kotheka, kapena kuchotsa mano owonongeka kwambiri, kapenanso mankhwala opangidwa ndi fluoride.

mankhwala amphamvu

Makhansa ena amafunikira kuphatikiza opaleshoni, radiotherapy ndi chemotherapy. Chemotherapy ndi kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala omwe angaperekedwe kudzera m'mitsempha kapena pakamwa. Chithandizochi chimapangitsa kuti athe kuchiza ma cell a khansa a chotupa choyambirira komanso metastases m'thupi lonse.

Zingayambitse mavuto monga kusanza, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, kutayika tsitsi, zilonda zam'kamwa, kuchepa kwa maselo a magazi ofiira ndi oyera, komanso kutopa.

Njira yochiritsira

ena Mankhwala kulunjika mbali zina za maselo a khansa kuti asakule. Cetuximab (Erbitux®) ndi amodzi mwamankhwala omwe amavomerezedwa kuchiza khansa yapakhosi. Mankhwala amtundu uwu angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwonjezera pa chithandizo cha radiation ndi chemotherapy.

Kuphunzitsanso ndi kutsatira

Pakachitika opaleshoni, nthawi yokonzanso ndi a Wopereka Mawu kaŵirikaŵiri n’kofunika kuti munthu ayambenso kudya, kumwa ndi kulankhula.

Nthawi zonse, a chakudya wolemera mu kuchuluka ndi khalidwe n'kofunika kuti machiritso ndi kuchira

Iwo kwambiri analangiza kulabadira makamaka kwaukhondo wamano tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kufunsa a Dentist nthawi zonse.

Njira zowonjezera