Psychosis

Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa matendawa

 

Ichi ndi matenda, matenda amisala momwe munthu amaphwanya lingaliro la zenizeni. Itha kukhala limodzi ndi kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, zonyenga, kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe, kuzama kwadzidzidzi, mkhalidwe wokhumudwa kwambiri, kukhumudwa, kapena mosinthana - chisangalalo chosalamulirika. Mu psychosis, kusokonezeka kwa njira zoganiza kumawonekeranso. Malingaliro ovuta pamkhalidwe wowawa kulibe. M'magawo amisala, munthu amatha kuwona, kumva zina zomwe kulibe, ndikukhulupirira. Nthawi zina, izi zimamupangitsa kuti ayambe kukwiya kwa ena kapena kudzivulaza. Tanthauzoli nthawi zambiri limadziwika ndi schizophrenia. Ngakhale sizofanana, kupezeka kwa psychosis, komanso zizindikilo zina, ndichimodzi mwazomwe zimafotokozera za schizophrenia.[1].

Zomwe zimayambitsa psychosis

Madokotala ndi asayansi akuphunzirabe funso loti bwanji anthu amadwala matenda amisala. Koma zifukwa zingapo zidadziwika kale kuti, payekha kapena mophatikiza, zitha kukopa chitukuko cha matendawa.

  • Genetics. Mitundu yambiri imatha kuyambitsa matenda amisala. Koma nthawi yomweyo, kupezeka kwa jini iyi kapena jini mwa munthu sikutsimikizira kwathunthu kuti munthu akhoza kudwala matendawa.
  • Kusokonezeka kwamaganizidwe.Chochitika chomvetsa chisoni, monga imfa ya wokondedwa, nkhondo, kapena kugwiriridwa, chimatha kuyambitsa zochitika zamisala. Mtundu wovulala, kuwonongeka komwe umayambitsa, komanso msinkhu wa munthu, zimakhudza ngati chochitika chowopsa chitha kudwala matenda amisala.
  • Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa. LSD, chamba, amphetamines ndi mankhwala ena, ndi kumwa kumawonjezera kwambiri chiwopsezo cha kukula kwa psychosis mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la matendawa.
  • Matenda athupi kapena kuvulala.Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kapena zotupa, sitiroko, HIV, ndi matenda ena aubongo monga matenda a Parkinson, matenda a Alzheimer's ndi dementia amathanso kuyambitsa psychosis.
  • Zaka zaunyamata.Achinyamata ndi achikulire ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokumana ndi vuto la psychosis chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni muubongo wawo komwe kumachitika msinkhu.

Nthawi zina matenda amisala amakula ngati vuto lina m'matenda ena: schizophrenia, kukhumudwa, kusinthasintha zochitika[3]… Timayang'ana kwambiri izi mu gawo la nkhani yokhudza mitundu ya psychosis.

Zizindikiro za psychosis

Psychosis nthawi zambiri imayamba mwadzidzidzi. Komabe, kumayambiriro koyambirira, zizindikilo zimatha kukhala zobisika. Nthawi zina mawonetseredwe ake samakhala osiyana ndi machitidwe omwe amapezeka mwa achinyamata munthawi yosintha, chifukwa chake kukula kwa vutoli kumakhala kovuta kuzindikira. Monga lamulo, anthu oyandikana nawo, mamembala am'banja ndiwo oyamba omwe amatha kuwona kuwonekera kwa zolakwika zina.

 

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za psychosis ndi monga:

  • Kuchepetsa koopsa pantchito, ulesi;
  • Kuvuta kuika maganizo
  • Kukayikira kapena kuda nkhawa;
  • Kusasamala za kudzisamalira, ukhondo;
  • Kuthera nthawi yochuluka pazinthu zodziwika bwino, zomwe munthu adakumana nazo kale mwachangu kwambiri;
  • Amphamvu, osayenera, kapena mosemphanitsa - kusapezeka kwathunthu kwa izi[2].

Zizindikiro za matenda otsogola zimatha kusiyanasiyana pamunthu ndi munthu. Nthawi zina ngakhale wodwala m'modzi amatha kukhala ndi zizindikilozo nthawi imodzi kapena kusintha kwakanthawi. Chifukwa chake, zotsatirazi ndizizindikiro za psychosis:

  • Maganizo olakwika. Zikhulupiriro zabodza, zopanda nzeru sizisintha ngakhale umboni utaperekedwa ndipo sagawidwa ndi anthu ena achikhalidwe chimodzi.
  • Ziwerengero. Munthu amatha kuwona, kumva, kumva, kulawa kapena kununkhiza kanthu komwe kulibe. Malingaliro omwe amapezeka nthawi ya psychosis ndi mawu, omwe amawonetsa kuti pali china cholakwika.
  • Maganizo osokonezeka. Maganizo ndi zolankhula zimatha kusokonezedwa kapena kuchepetsedwa. Munthu yemwe ali ndi psychosis amatha kusokoneza mawu kapena kuwagwiritsa ntchito m'njira zachilendo, kupanga zatsopano, kugwiritsa ntchito ziganizo zosakanikirana, kapena kusintha nkhani pafupipafupi. Amathanso kukhala ndi mavuto okumbukira.
  • Khalidwe losokonezeka. Munthu yemwe ali ndi psychosis amatha kukhumudwa, kuchita zinthu ngati mwana, kung'ung'udza kapena kutukwana, kapena kuchita zinthu zina zosayenerera, zosayenera. Amanyalanyaza ukhondo wawo komanso ntchito zapakhomo. Zikakumana ndi zovuta, atha kusiya kuyankha kuzinthu zowazungulira.[4].

Mitundu ya psychosis

Magulu a psychoses ndi ochulukirapo. Mwachiyambi ndi zifukwa za mawonekedwe awo, agawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

  • Zosasintha - chifukwa cha zoyambitsa mkati, matenda amthupi;
  • Zosakanikirana - zochokera matenda somatic;
  • Psychogenic - kuwuka chifukwa cha njira zamaganizidwe zomwe zimachitika mthupi;
  • Zamoyo - chifukwa cha kudwala kwa ubongo;
  • Kuledzeretsa - Amayamba chifukwa chodziwika ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana za poizoni (mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa, mankhwala, ziphe za mafakitale) ndi ena.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma psychoses amathanso kugawidwa malinga ndi zomwe wodwalayo amadziwika kwambiri. kukhumudwa, manic, hypochondriacal ndi zina, kuphatikiza kuphatikiza kwawo (mwachitsanzo, wokhumudwa).

Popeza psychosis nthawi zambiri imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi matenda ena kapena matenda amisala, matenda otsatirawa amadziwika ngati mitundu ya psychosis:

 
  1. 1 Schizophrenia - matenda amisala omwe amadziwika ndimalingaliro olakwika komanso machitidwe, omwe nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo zopeka komanso kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo. Zizindikiro zama psychotic komanso kuchepa kwantchito kapena kwakanthawi pantchito zimapitilira kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
  2. 2 Matenda a Schizophrenic: Zizindikiro zimakhala zofanana ndi schizophrenia koma zimakhalapo kwa mwezi umodzi kapena isanu ndi umodzi.
  3. 3 Matenda a Schizoaffective - Kuphatikiza zizindikilo za schizophrenia ndi matenda okhudzidwa, ndimaganizo achilendo komanso zovuta zam'malingaliro.
  4. Matenda osokoneza bongo - amaphatikiza zikhulupiriro zabodza, zabodza (zabodza). Nthawi zambiri simukhala ndi malingaliro kapena malingaliro. Kuphatikiza pazokopa, magwiridwe antchito amunthu amatha kufooketsedwa, ndipo machitidwe amakhala odabwitsa. Komabe, nthawi zina, zonyenga ndizabodza zomwe zingayambitse zovuta m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.
  5. 5 Psychoactive psychosis - amadziwonetsera nthawi yakumwa kapena kumwa mowa, amatha kutha pakutha kwa zinthuzo. Nthawi zina, psychosis imapitilira pambuyo pa psychosis yoyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala. Izi nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ngati zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga methamphetamine ("tic").
  6. 6 Dementia - kupsinjika kwa malingaliro kosalekeza, kutaya maluso ophunzirira kuchokera ku chidziwitso chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa thupi mthupi la ubongo, monga kupwetekedwa mutu, Edzi, postencephalitis, matenda a Alzheimer kapena chotupa chaubongo.
  7. 7 Matenda a bipolar - matenda amisala omwe amakhudza kusangalala. Munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto losinthasintha zochitika amasinthasintha pakati pazikhalidwe ziwiri zosiyana - kukhumudwa, komanso chisangalalo chachikulu, chisangalalo - mania.
  8. 8 Kuvutika maganizo kwakukulu - anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto la kukhumudwa amakhalanso ndi zizindikilo za psychosis, zomwe zimawonekera munthawi yakusokonezeka kwambiri[3].
  9. 9 Matenda a Postpartum - Amayamba pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuchokera pobereka. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala gawo la matenda amisala, kusintha kwama mahomoni.
  10. 10 Delirium - Zizindikiro zama psychotic zitha kukhala gawo lachisokonezo chovuta chomwe chimachitika chifukwa cha matenda ena owopsa monga meningitis, sepsis, kapena atagwidwa ndi khunyu.
  11. 11 Chidule chachidule cha psychotic - Zizindikiro zama psychotic zimawoneka mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha zomwe zimadziwika komanso zopanikiza kwambiri pamoyo. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri kwa omwe achitiridwa nkhanza. Zizindikiro zimatha kukhala zowopsa koma zosakhalitsa kuyambira tsiku limodzi mpaka mwezi umodzi.
  12. 12 Psychosis chifukwa cha thanzi labwino - Zizindikiro zama psychotic zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha zotupa zamaubongo, khunyu ndi matenda ena amisala[5].

Zovuta za psychosis

Kukhala mu psychosis kwa nthawi yayitali kumachepetsa kwambiri moyo wamunthu. Chifukwa chakutaya mtima, kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, kuda nkhawa kapena kukhumudwa, malingaliro odzivulaza kapena kuvulaza ena, kapena kudzipha.

Anthu omwe ali ndi psychosis nawonso amatha kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi ngati njira yochizira kapena kusokoneza zizindikiro zama psychotic. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumatha kukulitsa zisonyezo zama psychotic komanso kuyambitsa zovuta zina zambiri zathanzi.

Kupewa psychosis

Tsoka, psychosis siyimalephereka nthawi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, schizophrenia imayambitsidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zathupi, zamaganizidwe ndi chilengedwe zomwe sitingathe kuchita nthawi zonse. Koma nthawi zina, titha kuthandizira kukula kwa psychosis: mwachitsanzo, kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa matendawa. Kapenanso kuti tigawire katundu wanyumba ndi kuntchito kuti tisakhale ndi nkhawa zambiri, komanso kuchepetsa mavuto omwe chilengedwe chimakhala nawo pama psyche athu. Ndipo pakafika zovuta kapena zizindikilo zowopsa, mutha kupita kwa katswiri wamaganizidwe omwe angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zifukwa komanso kuthana ndi nthawi yovuta pamoyo, kuipewa kuti isasokonezeke kwambiri.

Ndikofunikanso kuthandizidwa ndi okondedwa anu omwe amatha kuzindikira zizindikilo, kukuthandizani kuti mupite kwa katswiri kuti akuthandizeni.

Kuzindikira kwa psychosis

Kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matendawa kumathandizira kukonza zotsatira zakanthawi yayitali komanso kumapereka chiyembekezo chambiri chamankhwala. Komabe, vutoli limakhala chifukwa chovuta kuzindikira matenda amisala koyambirira kwa kukula kwake. Matendawa amatha kupita patsogolo pang'onopang'ono kwa miyezi ingapo kapena zaka zingapo zisanachitike.

Akatswiri amisala apanga malingaliro pazithandizo zamankhwala, malinga ndi momwe anthu ayenera kuwunikiridwa mwatsatanetsatane kuti akhale ndi psychosis, yemwe:

  • kuwonongeka kwa zokolola kusukulu kapena kuntchito;
  • chiwonetsero chodzipatula pagulu;
  • mawonekedwe okhumudwitsa, nkhawa, zifukwa zomwe sangathe kufotokoza.

Palibe mayesero achilengedwe kapena mayesero kuti adziwe matenda a psychosis. Kafukufuku wa labotale amatha kuchitika pokhapokha kuti athetse mavuto ena azachipatala omwe angayambitse kuyambika kwa zizindikilo zomwe zimadziwika ndi psychosis, komanso kupatula kuledzera kapena poyizoni ndi zinthu zapoizoni.

Psychosis imapezeka makamaka ndi kafukufuku wazachipatala komanso mbiriyakale - adotolo amayesa wodwalayo ndikufunsa za zomwe akumana nazo, zomwe akumana nazo, malingaliro awo komanso zochita zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku. Ikufotokozanso ngati pali anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amisala m'banjamo.

Nthawi zina amapatsidwa kujambula - imalemba zochitika zamagetsi zamaubongo ndipo imathandizira kuthana ndi zonyenga, kupwetekedwa mutu kapena khunyu momwe zingathere chifukwa cha zizindikiro za psychotic[6].

Kuchiza kwa psychosis mu mankhwala wamba

Chithandizo cha matendawa ngati mankhwala ndi izi:

  • Kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo - amathandizira kuthetsa zizindikilo za psychosis, koma sangathe kuchiza kapena kuthetseratu zomwe zimayambitsa.
  • Psychological chithandizo - wogwira ntchito payekha ndi psychotherapist, kuchotsa zovuta zoyipa zomwe zachitika. Pochita maphunziro, zidatsimikiziridwa kuti kuphatikizidwa kwa abale, abale, abwenzi a wodwalayo ku chithandizochi kudabweretsa zotsatira zabwino ndikuchepetsa kufunika kwa chithandizo chamankhwala cha odwala.
  • Chithandizo chamagulu - kukhazikitsa ndikukhazikitsa zosowa za anthu, monga maphunziro, ntchito, ndi zina zambiri.

Pambuyo poti matenda amisala achitika, anthu ambiri omwe amamva bwino atamwa mankhwala ayenera kupitiliza kumwa mankhwalawa monga adalangizira dokotala kwa chaka chimodzi. Pafupifupi 50% ya anthu amafunika kumwa mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali kuti ateteze zizindikilo.

Ngati magawo amisala yamunthu ali ovuta ndipo atha kuwabweretsera mavuto iwo kapena iwo owazungulira, wodwalayo atha kuloledwa kupita kuchipatala cha amisala kuti akalandire chithandizo.[6].

Zakudya zathanzi la psychosis

Pali zakudya zingapo zomwe zitha kuthana ndi kukhumudwa ndikusintha malingaliro. Timapereka mndandanda wazakudya zomwe zimathandizira kuyambitsa thupi kupanga mahomoni achimwemwe - Serotonin… Amapangidwa ndi amino acid wotchedwa tryptophan, omwe timapeza kuchokera pachakudya. Komanso, kaphatikizidwe ka tryptophan kamathandizidwa ndi zakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini B, C, komanso zinc ndi magnesium. Ayeneradi kuphatikizidwa pazakudya.

  • Mazira - ali ndi mavitamini A, D, E, tryptophan, mapuloteni. Ndibwino kuti muzidya zomwe zophika.
  • Nsomba - imakhala ndi vitamini D wambiri, tryptophan, fatty acids. Kuchulukitsa chitetezo chokwanira, kumathandizira kukonza malingaliro.
  • Masamba ofiira, lalanje ndi zipatso - dzungu, malalanje, tsabola belu, kaloti, zipatso za zipatso, beets - zakudya zonsezi zimathandizira kukonzanso kusangalala, komanso zimakhala ndi bioflavonoids, zomwe zimathandiza pakuyenda bwino kwa magazi muubongo.
  • Nthochi ndi imodzi mwazithandizo zothandiza kwambiri pakukhumudwa. Idyani nthochi imodzi patsiku, popeza imakhala ndi alkaloid analinso, womwe umazikidwa pa mescaline, chomwe chimatchedwa "mankhwala osokoneza bongo."
  • Zonunkhira - cardamom, nyenyezi anise, nutmeg ndizothandiza kuthana ndi kupsinjika. Komabe, zonunkhira zitha kukhala ndi zotsutsana zomwe zimakhudzana ndi zina, mawonekedwe amthupi - muyenera kudziwa kuti musanazigwiritse ntchito.

Mankhwala achikhalidwe a psychosis

  1. 1 Msuzi wa mandimu ndi mankhwala okoma komanso othandiza polimbana ndi psychosis. Thirani masipuni angapo a masamba owuma a mandimu ndi 500 ml ya madzi otentha, asiyeni aziphika mumtsuko wosindikizidwa kwa maola awiri, asungunuke ndikumwa voliyumu iyi Mlingo 2 patsiku.
  2. Kulowetsedwa kwa Valerian - mizu youma iyenera kuumirizidwa m'madzi owiritsa usiku umodzi, kenako ndikubweretsa kusakaniza kwa chithupsa, kozizira, kupsyinjika ndikutenga supuni 2 kamodzi patsiku. Mwa njira, mutha kukonzekera kusamba bwino pamizu ya valerian. Kwa malita 3 a madzi, gwiritsani ntchito 1 ml ya decoction yolimba. Ndikosavuta kukonzekera - magalamu 10 a mizu youma ayenera kuthiridwa ndi lita imodzi yamadzi ndikuphika pamoto wochepa kwa mphindi 300. Ndiyeno unasi ndi kutsanulira mu kusamba.
  3. Ma cones a hop mu mankhwala achikhalidwe amawerengedwanso kuti ndi njira yothanirana ndi psychosis. Kuti tichite zimenezi, 3 tbsp. ma cones amafunika kutsanulidwa ndi kapu yamadzi otentha, asiyeni ayambe pafupifupi ola limodzi, kenako asese msuzi ndikuutenga 1 tbsp. Katatu patsiku.
  4. 4 Kaloti kapena madzi a karoti ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zothandizira kupsinjika. Muyenera kudya magalamu 100-200 a masambawa patsiku, kapena kumwa kapu yamadzi pafupipafupi.
  5. 5 Ginseng muzu kapena masamba owuma ayenera kutsanulidwa ndi madzi otentha mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10, kulowetsedwa kwa maola angapo, kenako 1 tsp. tsiku limodzi.
  6. 6 Chithandizo china chomwe chimathandiza kuthana ndi mavuto amanjenje ndi kulowetsedwa kwa peppermint. Muyenera kutsanulira 1 tbsp. masamba owuma omwe ali ndi kapu yamadzi otentha, wiritsani kwa mphindi 5-7, lolani kuziziritsa, kupsyinjika ndikumwa makapu 0,5 kawiri patsiku - m'mawa ndi madzulo.
  7. Udzu ukhoza kukhala wosangalatsa komanso wokometsera kukhumudwa. Kuti muchite izi, tsitsani 7 tbsp. supuni ya udzu wodulidwa 3 ml ya madzi otentha, asiyeni ayambe kwa maola 500-1, ndiyeno imwani bukuli m'magawo ang'onoang'ono tsiku lonse[7].

Zakudya zowopsa komanso zowopsa zama psychosis

Palibe zotsutsana pazakudya za anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la psychosis. Komabe, ndibwino kusiya zakumwa, zakudya zomwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mwamphamvu mumanjenje. Mwachitsanzo:

  • Coffee - kumawonjezera ntchito ya ubongo.
  • Mowa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo - amasokoneza ntchito yaubongo, amachititsa chidwi cham'mutu ndi magalimoto, amalimbitsa zizindikilo za psychosis, ndipo amatha kuputa nthawi yayitali.
  • Maswiti ambiri, makamaka chokoleti, monga shuga ndiwonso wina wothandizira wamanjenje. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chake kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, kapena kuposa pamenepo, maswiti kapena makeke mu zakudya ayenera kusinthidwa ndi maswiti othandiza kwambiri - mwachitsanzo, zipatso zouma kapena jelly.
 
Kusindikizanso kwa zinthu

Kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu chilichonse popanda chilolezo cholemba kale sikuletsedwa.

Malamulo achitetezo

Oyang'anira sakhala ndiudindo pakayesedwe kalikonse kogwiritsa ntchito chinsinsi, upangiri kapena zakudya, komanso sikutsimikizira kuti zomwe zanenedwa zikuthandizani kapena kukuvulazani. Khalani anzeru ndipo nthawi zonse muzifunsira kwa dokotala woyenera!

Chenjerani!

Otsogolerawo sali ndi udindo uliwonse poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa, ndipo sizikutsimikizira kuti sizikukuvulazani. Zipangizozo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuperekera chithandizo chamankhwala ndikupanga matenda. Nthawi zonse muzifunsa dokotala wanu!

Chakudya cha matenda ena:

 
 
 
 

Siyani Mumakonda