Kuganizira mizinda kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi
Meyi 9, 2008 - Kusankha komwe mukukhala sikophweka. Kusankha kumeneku kuli ndi zotsatirapo pa thanzi lathu, malinga ndi akatswiri amene anakambirana za ecohealth pa msonkhano waposachedwapa wa Association francophone pour le savoir (ACFAS), womwe unachitikira ku Quebec City kuyambira pa May 5 mpaka 9, 2008.
Ecohealth ndi lingaliro latsopano lomwe limagwirizanitsa mizati iwiri: zachilengedwe ndi thanzi. Kwa akatswiri angapo, ndikukonza mzinda ndi madera ozungulira molingana ndi thanzi la anthu okhalamo komanso chilengedwe. Anayang'ananso mbali ziwiri zogwirizana kwambiri za ecohealth: njira zoyendera ndi malo omwe munthu amakhala.
"Maulendo akuchulukirachulukira kuposa kuchuluka kwa anthu," akugogomezera a Louis Drouin, dotolo wodziwa zaumoyo wa anthu komanso yemwe ali ndi udindo woyang'anira madera akumidzi ndi zaumoyo ku Agence de la santé et des services sociaux de Montréal. "Pakhala pali magalimoto ena pafupifupi 40 pachaka m'zaka zisanu zapitazi," akuwonjezera, akukumbukira momwemo kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera za anthu kunatsika ndi 000% kuyambira 7 mpaka 1987.
Zotsatira zachindunji pa thanzi
Ecohealth Lingaliro latsopanoli limaganizira za kuyanjana pakati pa zamoyo ndi chilengedwe cha biophysical mbali imodzi, ndi machitidwe a chikhalidwe cha anthu omwe amakonzedwa motsatira zikhulupiriro, njira za chitukuko cha zachuma ndi zisankho za ndale, akufotokoza Marie Pierre Chevier, katswiri wa chikhalidwe cha anthu. ku yunivesite ya Montreal. Mofanana ndi chilengedwe chimene duwa kapena nyama ndi mbali yake, anthu amayenderana ndi chilengedwe chawo. M'malo mwake, mzindawu, womwe ndi "malo omangidwa", umalowa m'malo mwa chilengedwe. |
“Kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamsewu kumawonjezera ngozi zapamsewu ndi matenda amtima chifukwa cha kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya. Mayendedwe oyendetsa magalimoto amachepetsa kuyenda, ndi zotsatira za kunenepa kwambiri. Amachulukitsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha komanso phokoso, "akutero a Louis Drouin. Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika za zilumba zotentha - madera akumatauni komwe kutentha kumakhala kokwera kuposa kwina kulikonse m'nyengo yachilimwe - kumachulukirachulukira pomwe malo okhala ndi matabwa atsika ndi 18%, kuyambira 1998 mpaka 2005, m'chigawo cha Montreal. Ndipo madera okhala ndi matabwa akukhala malo oimika magalimoto, misewu ndi malo ogulitsira, akudandaula.
Podzudzula mulingo womwe sikukayikiridwa kawirikawiri wa chitukuko chakumatauni kwazaka 50 zapitazi, a Louis Drouin akufuna kuyimitsa lamulo la Land Use Planning and Development Act. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamsewu, pamafunika kupanga zoyendera za anthu onse “zofika nthawi, zotetezeka, zofikirika, zachangu, zokhala ndi misewu yosungika monga ku Paris ndi Strasbourg. “
Louis Drouin anati: “Yakwana nthawi yoti tikulitsenso madera athu kuti tipeze malo otchuka oyenda patali. Akuganiza kuti atengerepo mwayi kuti zomangamanga zakale ziyenera kukonzedwanso, kuti aganizirenso za mzinda ndi madera ozungulira.
Chigawo cha Bois-Francs: zotsatira zokhumudwitsa
Kuchita bwino kwa malo oyandikana nawo omwe amalimbikitsa kuyenda mwachangu (kupalasa njinga ndi kuyenda) ndi zoyendera za anthu onse sikophweka, akutero katswiri wa zomangamanga Carole Després, pulofesa wa Laval University komanso woyambitsa nawo gulu la Interdisciplinary Research Group m'madera akumidzi. Chigawo cha Bois-Francs, m’chigawo cha Montreal ku Saint-Laurent, chopangidwa motsatira malamulo atsopano olinganiza mizinda ameneŵa, ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha zimenezi. Anthu ake 6 amasangalala ndi njira yosavuta yolowera njinga, metro, masitima apamtunda ndi mabasi. Paki yayikulu imatenga 000% ya dera la chigawocho, kachulukidwe kake ndi nyumba 20 pa hekitala.
Ngakhale chigawochi chikudziwika ndi bungwe la American Congress for the New Urbanism, zotsatira za kafukufuku waposachedwapa1 zopangidwa ndi wofufuza kuchokera ku National Institute for Scientific Research (INRS) sizosangalatsa, akuvomereza Carole Després. “Tikanakonda kunena kuti anthu okhala m’boma la Bois-Francs amayenda mokulirapo ndipo amatenga galimotoyo mocheperapo poyerekeza ndi ena onse a m’tauniyo, koma n’zosiyana. Choyipa chachikulu kwambiri, amapambana kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe anthu okhala mdera la metro amapita kukasangalala ndi maphunziro.
Kodi mungafotokoze bwanji zotsatirazi? Kasamalidwe ka nthawi, amatenga chiopsezo. "Mwina tili ndi mwana yemwe walowa nawo pulogalamu yophunzirira zamasewera m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndipo tili ndi kholo lomwe lidwala loti liziwasamalira, kapena kuti tangosintha kumene ntchito zomwe sizili kutali ... anthu tsopano sakukhala moyandikana, koma pamlingo wa Metropolitan. "Lingaliro lakukonzekera tawuni kwatsopano ndi, malinga ndi iye," malinga ndi mtundu wa chikhumbo cha anthu oyandikana nawo dzulo omwe munkayenda kupita kusukulu. Makhalidwe a anthu masiku ano ndi ovuta kwambiri. “
Si bwino m'midzi
Kusintha kwa madera akumidzi ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, malinga ndi wolemba mapulani a tawuni Gérard Beaudet, mkulu wa Urbanism Institute ya University of Montreal. “Oposa theka la Amereka lerolino amakhala m’matauni,” iye akusimba motero. Komabe, ndi amodzi mwa magulu omwe ali m'maiko otukuka omwe akuwonetsa zovuta zazikulu zaumoyo. Chifukwa chake, titha kuwona kuti madera akumidzi sanali njira yozizwitsa yomwe aliyense adakhulupirira kwa nthawi yayitali ”. Tikuyang'ana njira zothetsera mavuto a moyo ndi kuyenda kwa anthu, komanso thanzi, akupitiriza Gérard Beaudet. “Zizindikiro zingapo zimasonyeza kuti, ngakhale kuti kukhala m’dera losauka sikuli kopindulitsa, kukhala m’madera olemera sikuli kwenikweni njira yothetsera vutoli,” iye akutsutsa motero.
Mélanie Robitaille - PasseportSanté.net
1. Barbonne Rémy, New urbanism, gentrification ndi kuyenda tsiku ndi tsiku: maphunziro omwe aphunziridwa kuchokera ku chigawo cha Bois-Francs ndi Plateau Mont-Royal, mu Metropolization kuwoneka kuchokera mkati, lolembedwa ndi Senecal G. & Behrer L. Publication kuti lisindikizidwe ndi Presses de l'Université du Québec.