Zomwe zingayambitse matenda a mtima, matenda amtima (angina ndi matenda a mtima)

Zomwe zingayambitse matenda a mtima, matenda amtima (angina ndi matenda a mtima)

The zizolowezi zamoyo zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi thanzi la mtima ndi mtsempha wamagazi. Malinga ndi World Health Organisation, a zakudya zoipa, kusowa zolimbitsa thupi ndi kusuta ali ndi udindo pa 80% ya mavuto a mtima ndi zikwapu2.

Kafukufuku Interheart3, yomwe idachitika mu 2004, idakhalabe chizindikiro chofunikira kwa akatswiri azachipatala. Zambirizi zimachokera ku mayiko 52 pa makontinenti asanu, kwa otenga nawo mbali 5. Zotsatira zake zikusonyeza kuti Zinthu 9 (Zinthu 6 zowopsa ndi 3 zoteteza) zimaneneratu 90% ya infarction ya myocardial mwa amuna ndi 94% mwa akazi. Kafukufukuyu makamaka adawonetsa chidwi chachikulu cha kupanikizika kosalekeza pa umoyo wa mtima.

Phunziro 6 zoopsa :

  • hypercholesterolemia: 4 zina chiopsezo chachikulu;
  • kusuta: chiopsezo 3 nthawi apamwamba;
  • matenda a shuga: chiopsezo 3 nthawi zambiri;
  • matenda oopsa: 2,5 nthawi zambiri chiopsezo;
  • le kupanikizika kosalekeza (kuvutika maganizo, kupsinjika kwa akatswiri, mavuto a ubale, nkhawa zachuma, ndi zina zotero): chiopsezo cha 2,5 nthawi zambiri;
  • un waistline mkulu (m'mimba kunenepa kwambiri): chiopsezo cha 2,2 nthawi zambiri.

Zinthu 3 zomwe zimapangitsa a chitetezo mphamvu :

  • kumwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba;
  • kudya kwapakatikati kwamowa (chofanana ndi chakumwa chimodzi patsiku kwa akazi ndi 1 kwa amuna);
  • mchitidwe wokhazikika wazolimbitsa thupi.

Zindikirani kuti kufunikira kwachiwopsezo chilichonse chaziwopsezozi kumasiyana malinga ndi munthu payekha, komanso dziko ndi dziko.

Zinthu zina zowopsa

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima mwa munthu yemwe ali pachiwopsezo54

Magalimoto a pamsewu (kupsyinjika ndi kuwonongeka kwa mpweya)

Khama lakuthupi

Mowa

Kumwa khofi

Kuwonetsedwa ndi kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya

Maganizo olakwika (mkwiyo, kukhumudwa, kupsinjika, etc.)

Chakudya chachikulu

Malingaliro abwino (chimwemwe, changu, chisangalalo, etc.)

Kugwiritsa ntchito Cocaine *

Zochita zogonana

* Ichi ndiye choyambitsa champhamvu kwambiri.

Kuipitsa mumlengalenga. Ngakhale kuti asayansi akhala akuchita chidwi ndi zimenezi kuyambira kuchiyambi kwa zaka za m’ma 1990, n’kovutabe kuyeza zotsatira zake.12, 27,41-43. Kuwonongeka kwa mpweya kudapha anthu pafupifupi 21 ku Canada mu 000, malinga ndi Heart and Stroke Foundation.41. Pafupifupi theka la iwo akadachitika chifukwa cha matenda a mtima, sitiroko kapena kulephera kwa mtima. Nthawi zambiri ndi anthu ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda amtima amene ali ndi chidwi nacho. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wamkulu wa ku Britain wofalitsidwa mu 2008, anthu omwe amakhala kumalo obiriwira kwambiri (mapaki, mitengo, ndi zina zotero) ali ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha imfa (ndi 6%) kuposa omwe amakhala m'madera omwe ali ndi zomera zochepa.27.

Zomwe particles zabwino kuyimitsidwa mumlengalenga (makamaka omwe ali ndi mainchesi osakwana 2,5 micrometer) amalowa munjira yopuma ndikuyambitsa mayankho kutupa mu bungwe lonse42. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa timadzi tambiri timene timayambitsa kuuma kwa mitsempha yomwe, m'kupita kwa nthawi, imayendetsa magazi bwino.

Kusuta fodya. Kafukufuku wa Epidemiological akusonyeza kuti kusuta fodya wamba kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mitsempha ya m'mitsempha, yofanana ndi ya munthu wosuta fodya "wopepuka".7,44.

Kuyeza magazi komwe kunayambitsa njira? Osatsimikiza.

osiyanasiyana kuyesa magazi zidapangidwa ndi chiyembekezo cholosera bwino za kuopsa kwa matenda a mtima. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kumakhalabe kochepa; sali mbali ya mayeso achizolowezi. Madotolo atatu omwe adafunsidwa (kuphatikiza dokotala wamtima)51 khulupirirani kuti awa mayeso ndi osafunika, kuwonjezera pa kukhala okwera mtengo. Lingaliro lawo likuwonetsa zotsatira za maphunziro aposachedwa. Nawa mafotokozedwe ena.

Mulingo wambiri wa C-reactive protein. Mapuloteni a C-reactive ndi amodzi mwa mamolekyu ambiri omwe amapangidwa panthawi yachitetezo cha chitetezo chamthupi. Imabisidwa ndi chiwindi ndi kuzungulira m'magazi. Ngakhale ziri zoona kuti ndende yake imawonjezeka mwa anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndipo amakhalabe otsika mwa anthu athanzi9,10, kufufuza kwakukulu kunatsimikizira kuti kuchepetsa mlingo wa C-reactive mapuloteni sizinachepetse kufa50. Dziwani kuti mavuto angapo azaumoyo amapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a C-reactive m'magazi kusiyanasiyana (kunenepa kwambiri, nyamakazi, matenda, etc.). Choncho, zotsatira za mayesowa ndizovuta kutanthauzira.

Mulingo wambiri wa fibrinogen. Puloteni ina iyi yopangidwa ndi chiwindi imakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pakupanga magazi. Zinkaganiziridwa kuti mlingo wapamwamba wa fibrinogen ukhoza kuthandizira kupanga mapangidwe a magazi kuundana, zomwe pamapeto pake zingayambitse matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko. Monga mapuloteni a C-reactive, mlingo wake umawonjezeka panthawi yotupa. Kuyeza kwa mlingo wa fibrinogen kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ku Ulaya. Mayesowa, komabe, sanatsimikizidwe.

Mulingo wambiri wa homocysteine. Amakhulupirira kuti ngati amino acid iyi imapezeka m'magazi ambiri, mwayi wokhala ndi atherosulinosis umawonjezeka. Minofu imagwiritsa ntchito homocysteine ​​​​kupanga mapuloteni. Mutha kuchepetsa mulingo wa homocysteine ​​​​pakuwonetsetsa kuti mumadya zakudya zomwe zili ndi mavitamini B6, B9 (folic acid) ndi B12 okwanira.9. Kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamilingo ya homocysteine ​​​​. Komabe, kutsitsa mulingo wa homocysteine ​​​​kulibe vuto paimfa.

 

Siyani Mumakonda