Shuga woyera. Sucrose yoyera yotengedwa ku nzimbe kapena beet. Zimapangidwa ndi fructose ndi glucose. Ndi shuga wambiri wamalonda, wophwanyidwa bwino kwambiri (zabwino kapena zowonjezera). Imapezekanso ngati ma cubes ang'onoang'ono kapena midadada yaying'ono kapena yocheperako.

Shuga wofiirira (shuga wofiirira, shuga wofiirira). Sucrose wokhala ndi molasses wochulukirapo kapena wocheperako, mwina chifukwa cha kuyenga kosakwanira kapena kusakaniza kwa shuga woyera ndi molasi. Mtundu wa shuga wofiirira ukhoza kukhala wagolide mpaka wakuda, kutengera kuchuluka kwa ma pigment mu molasses.

Shuga wosaphika. Madzi a nzimbe osayengedwa komanso otuluka nthunzi. Amakhala ngati bulauni, makristalo owuma. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuti ayesedwe.

Shuga wa turbinated (shuga wa turbinated, shuga wa m'minda kapena shuga wamba). Shuga wa nzimbe woyengedwa pang'ono. Izi si shuga yaiwisi, koma shuga amene kuyengedwa kwake sikukwanira, kotero kuti makhiristo omwe amapezeka amakhala ochulukirapo kapena ocheperako. Itha kugulitsidwa zambiri kapena zidutswa.

Icing shuga (ufa shuga). Shuga woyera akuwathira kukhala ufa wapamwamba kwambiri umene wawonjezedwapo wowuma pang'ono kuti zisapangike. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga zonyezimira komanso zotsekemera zotsekemera.

Shuga wa kristalo (shuga wa icing). Shuga woyera wokhala ndi makhiristo akulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika pokongoletsa.

Shuga wokhala ndi demerara. Shuga wonyezimira kwambiri wokutidwa ndi molasses wonyezimira.

Zolemba. Mankhwala anachokera kuyenga nzimbe kapena beet shuga. Ma molasi a nzimbe okha ndi omwe amapangidwa kuti adye anthu. Beet molasses amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga yisiti ndi kupanga citric acid. Akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya cha ziweto.

Sinthani shuga. Shuga wamadzi momwe molekyulu ya sucrose idasiyanitsidwa kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kukhala glucose ndi fructose. Ali ndi mphamvu yotsekemera kuposa ya sucrose. Makamaka ntchito yokonza mafakitale a zakumwa zotsekemera, confectionery, makeke ndi zamzitini zakudya.

Shuga wamadzimadzi. White crystallized shuga kusungunuka m'madzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakumwa, jamu, maswiti, ayisikilimu, manyuchi ndi masiwiti ofewa (monga fudge).

Dextrose. Imayeretsedwa ndikuwunikiridwa shuga wopangidwa ndi hydrolysis wathunthu wa wowuma kapena wowuma.

Maltodextrin. Ndi mankhwala osungunuka a maltose ndi dextrin, chowonjezera cha chakudya chokhudzana ndi dextrose. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kukhwimitsa zinthu zamkaka.

Kupatula sucrose, yotengedwa ku nzimbe kapena beet, palinso zambirizotsekemera zachilengedwe. Mtundu wa shuga womwe amakhala nawo komanso mphamvu yake yotsekemera komanso mawonekedwe ake achilengedwe amasiyana kwambiri. Zina mwa zotsekemerazi zimakhala ndi mavitamini ndi mchere, koma izi ndi zochepa zomwe zimakhala ndi thanzi labwino. Kusankha sweetener ndi nkhani ya kukoma ndi mtengo wake.

Wokondedwa. Chotsekemera chopangidwa ndi njuchi kuchokera ku timadzi tokoma tamaluwa zomwe zimasakasaka. Wolemera mkati fructose, mphamvu yake yotsekemera nthawi zambiri imakhala yayikulu kuposa ya sucrose. Kukoma kwake, mtundu wake komanso kukhuthala kwake zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nyengo komanso mtundu wa maluwa omwe njuchi zimasonkhanitsa.

Madzi a Agave. Amachokera ku utomoni womwe uli mkati mwa agave, chomera chomwe chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga tequila.tequilana agava). Kukoma kwake ndikochuluka kulowerera ndale kuposa uchi. Mtundu wake umasiyana kuchokera ku golidi kupita ku bulauni wakuda, kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsedwa. Zotsekemera zachilengedwe izi ndizatsopano pamsika. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'masitolo ogulitsa zakudya. Ake mphamvu zotsekemera zimakhala pafupifupi nthawi imodzi ndi theka pamwamba (1,4) kuposa shuga woyera. Lili ndi kuchuluka kwa fructose (60% mpaka 90%).

Mazira a mapulo. Madzi otsekemera omwe amapezeka pophika madzi a mapulo a shuga (Acer) - madzi a mapulo - mpaka 112 ° C sucrose (glucose ndi fructose). Kukoma kwake ndi mtundu wake zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi chaka, malo opangira kapena pamene mapulo amatengedwa.

Madzi a malt. Zopangidwa kuchokera ku njere za balere zomwe zidamera, zouma, zokazinga, kenako ndikupukutira kuti apange ufa womwe umakhala wofufumitsa nthawi yomweyo. Wowuma womwe uli mu ufawu umasinthidwa kukhala shuga (maltose). Madzi a malt a balere ndi mtundu wa molasi wotsekemera, womwe umapangidwa kuti ukhale wokoma, wokometsera komanso wotsekemera zophikira zina (mkaka, mkaka wokwapulidwa) ndi kupanga mowa (mwa kupesa) kapena kachasu (mwa distillation).

Madzi a chimanga. Manyuchi amtundu wosasinthasintha, wokonzedwa kuchokera ku chimanga. Wopangidwa makamaka ndi shuga. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu confectionery, amapezekanso mu zakumwa, zipatso zamzitini, ayisikilimu, chakudya cha ana, jams ndi jellies. Imapezeka m'masitolo onse ogulitsa zakudya. Makampani opanga zakudya amagwiritsa ntchito madzi a chimanga kwambiri mu fructose, makamaka popanga zakumwa za carbonated. Madzi a chimanga a fructose nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi 40% mpaka 55% fructose (kawirikawiri 90%), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotsekemera kwambiri kuposa madzi a chimanga wamba.

Madzi a mpunga wa Brown. Wandiweyani madzi kuwapeza nayonso mphamvu bulauni mpunga ndi lonse balere. Ili ndi kukoma pang'ono kwa caramel. Lili ndi zopatsa mphamvu zovuta, pafupifupi theka, ndi shuga zosavuta, kapena 45% maltose ndi 3% shuga. Mashuga osiyanasiyanawa samapangidwa nthawi imodzi. Ubwino womwe ochita mafakitale amapindula nawo popanga mipiringidzo yamagetsi yopangira othamanga. Madzi a mpunga wa Brown amatha kulowa m'malo mwa shuga ndi shuga wofiirira popanga zokometsera zopangira tokha.

Chipatso chimakhazikika. Ma syrups omwe amapezeka pochepetsa timadziti azipatso, makamaka mphesa: amakhala olemera fructose.