Syncope - zimayambitsa, mitundu, matenda, thandizo loyamba, kupewa

Zomwe zatsimikiziridwa

Syncope ndi kutayika kwa chidziwitso kwakanthawi, kumva, komanso kusuntha chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa oxygen muubongo komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi ischemia. Ululu, nkhawa, kapena kuona magazi zingayambitsenso kukomoka. Nthawi zambiri amatsagana ndi nkhope yotumbululuka ndi cyanosis ya milomo.

Kukomoka ndi chiyani?

Syncope ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimadziwika ndi kutayika kwa chidziwitso kwakanthawi kochepa chifukwa cha mpweya wokwanira woperekedwa ku ubongo. Kukomoka nthawi zambiri kumatenga masekondi angapo mpaka mphindi zingapo, ena amafotokoza kumverera ngati "mdima pamaso pa maso". Kukomoka nthawi zambiri kumayamba ndi zizindikiro monga:

1. nkhope yotuwa
2. sinica warg,
3. thukuta lozizira pamphumi ndi akachisi.

Nthawi zambiri, kukomoka sikuyenera kukhala kodetsa nkhawa, makamaka ngati palibe zovuta zina zachipatala. Chizindikiro cha ulendo wachipatala ndikukomoka komwe kunachitika kuposa kamodzi pamwezi. Mwa anthu otero, zifukwa zamtima zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha imfa ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Chiwopsezo cha kukomoka chimawonjezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 70.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukomoka

Nthawi zina kukomoka kumachitika popanda chifukwa. Komabe, zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza:

1. zokumana nazo zamphamvu zamoyo,
2. mantha,
3. kuthamanga kwa magazi,
4. ululu waukulu,
5. kuchepa madzi m'thupi,
6. shuga wamagazi ochepa
7. kukhala nthawi yayitali pamalo oima,
8. dzuka mwachangu,
9. kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kutentha kwambiri,
10. kumwa mowa kwambiri,
11. kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo,
12. kunenepa kwambiri podutsa chimbudzi,
13. chifuwa chachikulu,
14. kugwidwa
15. kupuma mofulumira komanso mozama.

Kuphatikiza pa zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, mankhwala omwe mukumwa angapangitsenso kuti muzitha kukomoka. Kukonzekera komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso antidepressants ndi antiallergics ndizofunikira kwambiri. Pagulu la odwala makamaka omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha kukomoka, pali odwala matenda a shuga, arrhythmia, omwe akuvutika ndi nkhawa komanso kutsekeka kwa mtima.

Mitundu ya syncope

Pali mitundu ingapo ya syncope:

1. orthostatic syncope: Awa ndi magawo obwerezabwereza pomwe kuthamanga kwa magazi kumatsika utayima. Mtundu uwu wa syncope ukhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi mavuto ozungulira magazi;
2. Reflex syncope: Pamenepa, mtima supatsa ubongo magazi okwanira kwa nthawi yochepa. Chifukwa mapangidwe ndi zosayenera zisonkhezero kufala ndi arc reflex, amenenso ndi chidutswa cha mantha dongosolo. Pambuyo pa kukomoka koteroko, munthuyo amatha kugwira ntchito bwino, amadziwa zomwe zinachitika ndikuyankha momveka bwino mafunso omwe amafunsidwa;
3. kukomoka komwe kumakhudzana ndi matenda am'mitsempha yaubongo,
4. kukomoka chifukwa cha mtima arrhythmias.

Zofala kwambiri ndi reflex syncope, yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa neurogenic syncope. Mtundu uwu wa syncope umachokera ku reflex reaction yomwe imayambitsa vasodilation kapena bradycardia. Amapezeka kwambiri mwa achinyamata omwe sagwirizana ndi matenda a mtima. Reflex syncope imathanso kuchitika mwa anthu okalamba kapena anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtima, mwachitsanzo, aortic stenosis kapena matenda amtima. Zizindikiro za mtundu uwu wa kukomoka ndi monga:

1. palibe zizindikiro za organic matenda a mtima;
2. kukomoka chifukwa cha chilimbikitso chosayembekezereka chifukwa cha kuima kwa nthawi yayitali,
3. kukomoka mukakhala m'chipinda chotentha kwambiri,
4. kukomoka mukatembenuza mutu wanu kapena chifukwa cha kukanikiza dera la carotid sinus,
5. kukomoka komwe kumachitika panthawi ya chakudya kapena pambuyo pake.

Mtundu uwu wa syncope umapezeka potengera mbiri yakale yachipatala ndi wodwalayo, pomwe zochitika za syncope zimatsimikiziridwa. Ngati kuyezetsa thupi ndi zotsatira za ECG ndizabwinobwino, sipakufunikanso kuyezetsa matenda.

Syncope - matenda

Kukomoka kamodzi kwa wodwala wokhala ndi thanzi labwino sikufuna thandizo lachipatala. Chizindikiro cha ulendo wachipatala ndizochitika zomwe wodwalayo sanakumanepo ndi zochitika zoterezi, koma amafooka kangapo. Ndiye padzakhala koyenera kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Dokotala ayenera kudziwitsidwa za mikhalidwe yomwe kukomoka kudachitika (zomwe zidachitika, momwe wodwalayo analili). Kuonjezera apo, chidziwitso chokhudza matenda am'mbuyomu ndi mankhwala omwe mukumwa, omwe amalembedwa ndi ogula, ndi ofunika. Dokotala adzayitanitsa mayeso owonjezera malinga ndi zotsatira za kuyezetsa kwachipatala (monga kuyezetsa magazi kwa kuchepa kwa magazi). Kuyeza matenda a mtima kumachitikanso nthawi zambiri, mwachitsanzo:

1. EKG mayeso - kujambula ntchito yamagetsi yamtima,
2. mtima echo - kusonyeza chithunzi chosuntha cha mtima,
3. Kuyeza kwa EEG - kuyeza mphamvu zamagetsi muubongo,
4. Kuyesa kwa Holter - kuyang'anira kuthamanga kwa mtima pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chonyamula chomwe chimagwira ntchito maola 24 patsiku.

Njira yamakono yoyendetsera ntchito ya mtima ndi ILR arrhythmia wolembazomwe zimayikidwa pansi pa khungu pachifuwa. Ndi yaying'ono kuposa bokosi la machesi ndipo ilibe mawaya oilumikiza kumtima. Muyenera kuvala chojambulira chotere mpaka mutakomoka. Zolemba za ECG zimawerengedwa motsatizana pogwiritsa ntchito mutu wapadera. Zimenezi zimathandiza kudziwa chimene chinachititsa kukomoka.

Ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe dokotala ayenera kudziwitsidwa panthawi yofunsa mafunso?

1. auzeni dokotala za zizindikiro zomwe zidayamba kukomoka komanso zomwe zidawonekera pambuyo potsitsimuka (mwachitsanzo, chizungulire, nseru, kugunda kwamtima, nkhawa yayikulu);
2. dziwitsani za matenda amtima omwe alipo kapena matenda a Parkinson;
3. tchulaninso milandu ya kufa mwadzidzidzi kwa mabanja chifukwa cha matenda a mtima;
4. Uzani dokotala ngati aka kanali koyamba kukomoka kapena mwakhala ndi zochitika ngati izi m'mbuyomu.

Thandizo loyamba pakukomoka

Kodi ndi nthawi ziti pamene chithandizo chamwadzidzidzi chikufunika pakukomoka?

- wodwalayo sakupuma,

- wodwalayo samatsitsimuka kwa mphindi zingapo,

- wodwala ali ndi pakati,

- wodwala anavulala pamene akugwa ndipo akutuluka magazi;

- wodwala ali ndi matenda a shuga,

Kupweteka pachifuwa

- mtima wa wodwalayo ukugunda mosadukiza;

- wodwala sangathe kusuntha miyendo,

- mumavutika kulankhula kapena kuona,

- kukomoka kumawonekera,

- wodwala sangathe kulamulira ntchito ya chikhodzodzo ndi matumbo.

Chithandizo cha syncope chimadalira zomwe dokotala wapeza. Ngati palibe vuto lina lomwe limayambitsa syncope, chithandizo nthawi zambiri sichifunikira ndipo kufotokozera kwanthawi yayitali ndikwabwino.

Chithandizo choyambira

Ngati mutuluka, ikani mutu wanu kumbuyo kwanu ndi mutu wanu wopendekera kumbuyo, kuika mtsamiro kapena bulangeti lokulungidwa pansi pa nsana wanu. Muyenera kumupatsa mpweya wabwino, unbuttoning kukanikiza mbali zovala, monga: kolala, tayi, lamba. Mukhoza kuwaza madzi ozizira pa nkhope yanu, kuwapaka ndi mowa kapena kuyika swab wothira ammonia pa fungo lokomoka. Kuthamanga kwa magazi ku ubongo kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukweza miyendo ya munthu wokomoka.

Ngati mukomoka kapena kuzimiririka, musamwetse chilichonse chifukwa mungatsamwire. Atatsitsimuka, wodwalayo ayenera kugona kwakanthawi. Pokhapokha pambuyo pake akhoza kupatsidwa khofi kapena tiyi.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI!

1. wodwala amene akukomoka sayenera kupatsidwa chakudya kapena zakumwa;
2. wodwala sayenera kupatsidwa mankhwala awo (kuphatikizapo madontho a m'mphuno);
3. musathire madzi ozizira pa munthu wokomoka, chifukwa izi zingayambitse mantha; m'pofunika kupukuta nkhope ndi khosi ndi thaulo choviikidwa m'madzi ozizira.

Kukomoka - kupewa

Mwa njira zopewera syncope chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa kudziletsa kwa mitsempha yamagazi, zotsatirazi zikutchulidwa:

1. kumwa madzi ambiri,
2. kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte ndi mchere muzakudya,
3. kuchita zolimbitsa thupi zolimbitsa thupi (monga kusambira),
4. kugona ndi mutu pamwamba pa thupi,
5. kuchita maphunziro a orthostatic, omwe amaphatikizapo kuyimirira pakhoma (zolimbitsa thupi zotere ziyenera kuchitidwa 1-2 pa tsiku kwa mphindi zosachepera 20).

Zofunika! Ngati mukumva kuti mwafooka ndipo mwatsala pang'ono kukomoka, khalani kapena kugona pansi (miyendo yanu ikhale yokwera kuposa mutu wanu). Funsani wina kuti akhale nanu kwakanthawi.

Kukomoka - werengani zambiri za izo