Tikukhala mu symbiosis ndi mabiliyoni a mabakiteriya, amakhala m'matumbo athu a microbiota. Ngakhale kuti ntchito ya mabakiteriyawa pa umoyo wamaganizo yakhala ikunyalanyazidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, pazaka 10 zapitazi kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti amakhudza kwambiri kupsinjika maganizo, nkhawa komanso kuvutika maganizo. 

 

M'mimba mwathu mumakhala mabakiteriya, yisiti, ma virus, ma parasites ndi bowa. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timapanga microbiota. Microbiota ndiyofunikira kuti tizigaya zakudya zina. Amanyozetsa amene sitingathe kugaya, monga mapadi (omwe amapezeka mumbewu zonse, saladi, endives, etc.), kapena lactose (mkaka, batala, tchizi, etc.); amathandizirakudya zakudya ; kutenga nawo mbali mu kaphatikizidwe wa mavitamini ena...

 

The microbiota ndi chitsimikizo cha magwiridwe antchito athu chitetezochifukwa 70% ya chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimachokera m'matumbo. 

 

 

Kumbali inayi, kafukufuku wochulukirachulukira akuwonetsa kuti matumbo a microbiota amathandizanso pakukula komanso ntchito yabwino ya ubongo.

 

Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tikakhala bwino, mabakiteriya abwino ndi oyipa pafupifupi 100 biliyoni amakhalamo kulimbana. Zikapanda kukhazikika, mabakiteriya oyipa amatenga malo ambiri. Kenako timalankhula dysbiosis : kusalinganika kwa zomera za m'mimba. 

 

La kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya oyipa kenako zimayambitsa gawo lake la chisokonezo m'thupi. Zikuonekanso kuti chiwerengero chachikulu cha matenda aakulu amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa microbiota. Zina mwa zovuta zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusalinganika uku, nkhawa, nkhawa komanso kukhumudwa zikusonyezedwa mowonjezereka ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi. 

 

Matumbo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa " ubongo wachiwiri “. Ndipo pazifukwa zomveka, 200 miliyoni neurons sinthani mayendedwe athu am'mimba! 

 

Tikudziwanso izi matumbo athu amalankhulana mwachindunji ndi ubongo kudzera mu mitsempha ya vagus, mtsempha wautali kwambiri m’thupi la munthu. Choncho ubongo wathu nthawi zonse umakonza zinthu zimene zimachokera m'matumbo. 

 

Komanso, Serotonin, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti mahomoni okoma achimwemwe, ndi 95% opangidwa ndi m'mimba dongosolo. Serotonin imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera malingaliro, kapena kugona, ndipo yadziwika kuti ilibe mphamvu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kupsinjika maganizo. Ndipotu, mankhwala omwe amalembedwa kawirikawiri, omwe amatchedwa selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), amagwira ntchito molunjika pa serotonin. 

 

Tikudziwa kuti mabakiteriya am'mimba monga Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium longum ndi Lactobacillus helveticus amatulutsa serotonin, komansogamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), amino acid yomwe imathandiza kuchepetsa nkhawa kapena mantha. 

 

Ngati kumayambiriro kwa maphunziro a microbiota, tinkaganiza kuti mabakiteriya omwe amawapanga anali othandiza pogaya chakudya, maphunziro angapo, omwe adachitika m'ma 2000, asonyeza. ntchito yake yaikulu mu chitukuko cha chapakati mantha dongosolo. 

 

Pakati pa kafukufuku waposachedwa, wofalitsidwa mu 2020, awiri amathandizira kukhudzidwa kwa microbiota pa kukhumudwa. Ofufuza ochokera ku Institut Pasteur, Inserm ndi CNRS apezadi kuti mbewa zathanzi zimatha kugwera mkati ufa pamene microbiota ya mbewa yokhumudwa imasamutsidwa kwa iwo. 

 

Pamene kufufuza kwina kumafunika kuti mumvetse kugwirizana pakati pa thanzi la m'matumbo ndi thanzi labwino, tsopano tikudziwa kuti matumbo ndi ubongo zimagwirizana kwambiri moti kuwonongeka kwa microbiota kumabweretsa kusintha kwa khalidwe. 

 

Kuti konzani m'matumbo anu, tiyenera kusewera pa zakudya, chifukwa mabakiteriya a m'mimba amadya zomwe timadya ndikuyankha mwamsanga kusintha kwa zakudya. Chifukwa chake, kuti mukhale ndi ma microbiota oyenera, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti mudye kwambiribzalani zakudya ndi kuchepetsa kumwa kwakekukonzanso chakudya. 

 

Makamaka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza kuposa zamagetsi pazakudya zake, gawo lapansi lokondedwa la mabakiteriya abwino, komanso kudya tsiku lililonse prebiotics (artichokes, anyezi, leeks, katsitsumzukwa, etc.), zakudya zofufumitsa, magwero a probiotics (Ndine msuzi, miso, kefir ...). 

 

Malinga ndi ma probiotic makapisozi, kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti alibe mphamvu kusiyana ndi zakudya. Malingana ndi zotsatira za ndondomeko yowonongeka yomwe inafalitsidwa m'magazini Psychology General, ndi kuphimba maphunziro a 21, kusintha kwa zakudya kungakhale ndi zotsatira zazikulu pa microbiota kusiyana ndi kutenga mankhwala owonjezera a probiotic.