Ma cloni amasuntha mwadzidzidzi, modzidzimutsa, mwachilendo kapena kunjenjemera. Zoyambira mosiyanasiyana, ma cloni awa amatha kukhala ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, ma pathological kapena ayi. Pali mitundu yambiri ya clonies, koma kwa aliyense wa iwo akhoza kukhala mankhwala. Kodi zoyambitsa ndi mankhwala a clonies ndi chiyani?

Ma cloni (omwe amatchedwanso myoclonus) ndi kunjenjemera kwachilendo komanso kodziwikiratu, komwe kumadziwika ndi kugunda kwamtima komanso kugwedezeka, kufupika kapena kusayenda, komanso kukhazikika kwa zomwe zimachitika mwa kusinthana kwaminyewa ndi kupumula.

Mayendedwe osasamalawa amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi zina amalumikizana wina ndi mzake, chifukwa cha kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kupsinjika maganizo, kusuntha kwakukulu kwambiri. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chomwe sichingalowe m'malo mwa matenda.

Amayambitsidwa ndi dongosolo lamanjenje pazifukwa zingapo. Ndikachitidwe kosalamulirika kotheratu komanso kodzifunira. Mwachitsanzo, kukomoka, kapena kukomoka kwa kugona kumagawidwa m'magulu amagulu. Sikuti nthawi zonse amakhala oyambitsa matenda, koma amawonedwa nthawi zambiri pamitsempha yamagazi (khunyu, encephalopathy).

Zivomezizi zimatha kulembedwa molingana ndi kayimbidwe kamene amakakamiza kuyenda, pafupipafupi zomwe zimachitika komanso momwe zimachitikira (pakupuma kapena poyeserera, mwachitsanzo).

Pali mitundu ingapo ya kunjenjemera (kapena clonies).

Zochita kapena kunjenjemera kwa cholinga

Kunjenjemera kumeneku kumawoneka pamene wodwalayo akuyenda mwaufulu ndi kulondola kwa manja. Mwachitsanzo, pobweretsa kapu ya madzi pakamwa pake, manja amasinthidwa, oscillating ndi parasitic ndi rhythmic jerks.

Kunjenjemera kwamalingaliro

Kunjenjemera uku kumawoneka pakukonza mwakufuna kwamalingaliro, mwachitsanzo, mikono yotambasulidwa kapena manja. Izi zimafanana ndi kumbuyo kwa chivomezi chopumula, chifukwa chimasowa kwathunthu pamalo opumira (kupatula pazovuta kwambiri). Ndipamwamba kwambiri pokhalabe ndi maganizo okhazikika, kapena kunyamula katundu.

Kunjenjemera kopumula

Zimafanana ndi kugwedezeka kwa parkinsonian (matenda a Parkinson). Kunjenjemera kumachitika ngakhale pamene wodwala sapanga kusuntha kulikonse. Kuchuluka kwa mpumulo, kumachepetsedwa panthawi yoyenda ndipo sikuwoneka panthawi ya tulo, koma kumatha kuwonjezeka pakachitika maganizo kapena kutopa.

Timayimbanso kugwedezeka kwa cerebellar kugwedezeka mwadala chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa cerebellum, chifukwa chake ndi mitsempha kapena multiple sclerosis, mwachitsanzo.

Physiological clonies

Kukhala ndi ma cloni si chizindikiro cha matenda kapena matenda. Ngati palibe chachilendo pazochitika zawo (monga ndi hiccups, kapena makanda akugona, mwachitsanzo), amatchedwa physiological clonies.

Zinthu zina zimatha kulimbikitsa kunjenjemera kwamtundu wa thupi:

• nkhawa;
• kutopa;
• maganizo (monga nkhawa);
• kusiya mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
• corticosteroids;
• kapena khofi.

Magulu achiwiri

Mu gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a milandu, clonies si zokhudza thupi, koma chiyambi pathological. Izi zimatchedwa second clony.

Nawa mndandanda wa ma pathologies omwe angayambitse mtundu uwu wa clonies:

• khunyu;
• matenda a neurodegenerative monga Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, Creutzfeldt-Jakob, Huntington;
• matenda opatsirana monga HIV, Lyme matenda, encephalitis, chindoko, malungo;
• matenda kagayidwe kachakudya (monga kusowa shuga m`magazi, kwambiri mkulu kupanga mahomoni chithokomiro, aimpso kapena kwa chiwindi insufficiency, akusowa calcium, sodium kapena magnesium, komanso akusowa mavitamini E kapena B8);
• matenda a dzuwa;
• electrocution;
• zoopsa.

Titha kuwonanso ma cloni pamene thupi limakumana ndi zinthu zoopsa monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo, zitsulo zolemera, komanso kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo (antidepressants, lithiamu, neuroleptics, anesthetics).

Mofanana ndi chizindikiro chilichonse, chithandizo chimadalira chifukwa chake. Ngati ndi physiological clony, sipadzakhala chithandizo, chifukwa chizindikiro ichi si chachilendo.

Pankhani ya clonia yachiwiri, ngati imakhala yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika, mayesero adzafunika kuti adziwe bwino mawonetseredwe awo, ndiye kuti adziwe chifukwa chake. Malingana ndi izi, chithandizo choyenera chingasankhidwe ndi dokotala pambuyo pa matenda ake. Motero, malingana ndi ngati kunjenjemerako kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda a Parkinson kapena kusiya kumwa mowa, chithandizocho sichidzakhala chofanana.

Ngati chifukwa chake ndi nkhawa, anxiolytics akhoza kulembedwa, komabe, pozindikira chiopsezo chodalira.

Mankhwala ena amathanso kuchitapo kanthu mwachindunji pa chizindikirocho (clonazepam, piracetam, poizoni wa botulinum, etc.) ndipo akhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri kusokonezeka kwa minofu.