Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa matendawa
Ichi ndi matenda opatsirana, omwe amayambitsidwa ndi timitengo ta Koch kapena timitengo ta chifuwa chachikulu. Mabakiteriya a chifuwa chachikulu amayamba kulimbana ndi zinthu zakunja. Amatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yayitali m'nthaka, malo ozizira, m'malo owonongeka, ndipo amatha kulimbana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo (mwachitsanzo, timitengo ta tuberculin timatsalira pamasamba a mabuku pafupifupi miyezi 4).
Njira malowedwe a mycobacteria ndi zomwe zimayambitsa chifuwa chachikulu
Koposa zonse, anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chofooka amakhala ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Nthawi zambiri, matenda amapezeka ndimadontho oyenda pandege, panthawi yomwe wodwala akutsokomola, amayetsemula, amalankhula, amayimba, amaseka. Munthu wathanzi akamalankhula ndi wodwala, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga chifuwa chachikulu. Pambuyo pake, munthu amatenga mpweya ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakoka timitengo ta Koch. Komanso, chifuwa cha TB chingatengeke kudzera mwa kukhudzana mwachindunji: panthawi ya kupsompsona, pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe wodwalayo adagwiritsa ntchito kale.
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mycobacteria ya matendawa sangathe kukula kunja kwa chamoyo, koma amakhala ndi kuthekera kwakanthawi. Muthanso kudwala chifukwa chodya nyama zochokera ku chifuwa chachikulu (kudzera mkaka, nyama).
Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe akudwala chifuwa chachikulu samatha kulimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, omwe ali ndi vuto lodana ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Anthu omwe alibe chakudya chokwanira, amakhala m'malo ovutika, amamwa mowa mwauchidakwa, komanso amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo nawonso ali pachiwopsezo.
Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu amayamba chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mahomoni, monga kugwiritsa ntchito corticosteroids, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira mphumu ya bronchial ndi matenda ena.
Mitundu ya chifuwa chachikulu
TB iyenera kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu: m'mapapo ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha TB… Ndi mitundu iwiri iyi yomwe mawonetseredwe a matendawa ayenera kulingaliridwa.
Chifuwa chachikulu chingakhale chatsekedwa ndi mawonekedwe otseguka… Pamaso pa mawonekedwe otseguka, bacillus wa Koch amabisika ndi sputum ya wodwalayo, yomwe imatha kuzindikirika mosavuta pakuwunika. Wodwala yemwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu ichi ndi wowopsa kwa ena. Ponena za mawonekedwe otsekedwa, ndizovuta kuzizindikira. Amapezeka pokhapokha mukamabzala, pomwe kamtengo kamamera pamenepo.
Zizindikiro za chifuwa chachikulu cha chifuwa chachikulu
Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri. Itha kusiyanitsidwa pazifukwa zingapo.
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zizindikilo zazikulu… Odwala achikulire, pali kutopa, kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito, kufooka nthawi zonse komanso kufooka m'mawa. Kwa ana, chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo chimatha kuwonetsa ngati kugona mokwanira, kuchepa kwa njala, kutsika kwambiri, komanso kuvutika kumaliza maphunziro kusukulu.
Ponena za mawonekedwe onse a odwala, ndi ochepa thupi, amachepetsa msanga, otumbululuka, nkhope zawo zakuthwa.
Chizindikiro chotsatira ndi kutentha… Kutentha kwa thupi kumakwera pang'ono, mpaka 37,5 kapena 38 digiri Celsius. Kutentha kumalumpha madzulo kapena usiku, pomwe munthuyo amatenthedwa kwambiri, kumatuluka thukuta. Ichi ndiye kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa chifuwa chachikulu ndi chifuwa, chibayo, matenda opatsirana opuma. Ndi matenda omwe adatchulidwawa, kutentha kumakwera kwambiri ndipo kumathanso kutsika mwachangu. Ndi chifuwa chachikulu, kutentha kumasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kukhala ndi chifuwa - zonse ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha TB m'mapapo mwanga. Munthawi yoyamba yamatenda, chifuwa chimakhala chowuma komanso chokhazikika, makamaka chosokoneza odwala usiku kapena m'mawa. Matendawa akamakula, chifuwa chimakhala chonyowa, chotsatiridwa ndi sputum wambiri. Pa chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo mwanga, chifuwa sichitha. Mwachilengedwe, ndi njira zina zotupa pamakhalanso chifuwa, koma sichikhala chifuwa chachikulu.
Kutsokomola magazi… Ichi ndiye chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri cha chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo mwanga. Magazi mu sputum amawonekera pambuyo poti chifuwa chachikulu chikufanana. Ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha TB, kutuluka magazi m'mapapu kumatha kuyamba kapena, monga akunenera, magazi amatha kupyola pakhosi. Mkhalidwe wotere ndiwowopsa pamoyo wa wodwala, chifukwa chake, umafunikira kuyitanidwa mwachangu kwa ogwira ntchito zamankhwala.
Kutengera kulimba kwa malo am'mapapo, pali: focal, kufalitsa, miliary, infiltrative, cavernous, cirrhotic, fibro-cavernous tuberculosis, caseous chibayo ndi chifuwa chachikulu.
Zizindikiro za chifuwa chachikulu cha chifuwa chachikulu
Tubillle bacillus imakhudza mapapu okha, komanso ziwalo zina zonse. Ndi mtundu uwu, ndizovuta kudziwa chifuwa chachikulu, chifukwa pakadali pano pali zambiri zomwe zikutsatira zomwe zimatha kusokonezedwa ndi matenda ena am'mimba.
Gawani chifuwa chachikulu:
- mafupa, mafupa ndi msana - ndi mtundu uwu wa chifuwa chachikulu, odwala ali ndi ululu waukulu pazilondazo, kuyenda kocheperako, kupezeka kwamatenda, mafupa enieni
- ubongo - chifuwa chachikulu choterechi chimayamba pakatha milungu iwiri, pomwe chimayamba kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chochepa (mwa omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV komanso odwala matenda ashuga). Mu sabata yoyamba, kutentha kwa wodwalayo kumakwera, kugona kumasokonekera, kupsa mtima pafupipafupi komanso kukwiya kumachitika. Mu sabata lachiwiri, pamakhala kupweteka mutu, kusanza. Amuna amakwiya sabata yoyamba. Kuwonongeka kwaubongo kumawonekera mwa mawonekedwe am'minyewa ya khosi, kupweteka kumbuyo ndi miyendo yowongoka, kwinaku mukugwedeza mutu pachifuwa, ndikupendeketsa mutu mutagona. Kusokonezeka kwamanjenje kumachitika.
- ziwalo zam'mimba - ndi mtundu uwu wa chifuwa chachikulu, kudzimbidwa kapena kukhumudwa kumachitika, pamakhala zowawa zazikulu m'mimba, zotupa, pamakhala kutsekeka kwamatumbo ndi kutulutsa magazi ndi ndowe;
- dongosolo la genitourinary - tubercle bacillus imakhudza impso, pomwe kutentha kwa wodwalayo kumakwera, kumbuyo kumapweteka, kukodza kumachitika limodzi ndi kutuluka magazi. Urethra, ureters, ndi chikhodzodzo amathanso kukhudzidwa. Zikatero, kusungidwa kwamikodzo kumachitika.
- khungu - ndi mtundu uwu wa chifuwa chachikulu, zotupa ndi zisindikizo zimawoneka pansi pa khungu, zomwe pamapeto pake zimawonjezeka kukula ndikung'amba khungu, kutulutsa madzi oyera oyera.
Zakudya zothandiza za chifuwa chachikulu
Kuti muchotse mycobacteria, ndikofunikira kutsatira zakudya zothandizira, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira, kuchepetsa kulemera, chilakolako chogona, kugona, kusinthanso minofu yowonongeka ndikubwezeretsanso njira zamagetsi ndi zovuta zina za chiwalo china.
Chakudya chimaperekedwa malinga ndi matenda, njira zamagetsi, kulemera kwa wodwalayo, komanso, malingana ndi siteji, mawonekedwe a chifuwa chachikulu.
Kutengera mtundu wa wodwala, amapatsidwa chakudya chokhala ndi kalori wokwanira kilogalamu iliyonse yolemera. Kwa odwala omwe sagona pakama, kcal 35 iyenera kudyedwa pa kilogalamu; kwa odwala omwe amakhala pafupifupi maola 6 pabedi ndipo amayenda pang'ono, 40 kcal idzafunika; odwala mwakhama (3 maola akugona masana kuphatikiza maphunziro ndi kuphatikiza nawo ntchito), chakudya chiyenera kukhala ndi kcal 45; koma kwa ogwira ntchito kuchokera maola 3-6 patsiku ndi kupumula kwa maola 2 (nthawi yogwira ntchito), 50 kcal pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi izidzafunika kale. Kuwonjezeka kwa ma calorie kumachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimatayika chifukwa cha kutentha thupi nthawi zonse.
Chifukwa chakuti chifuwa chachikulu chimatha kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni, chakudya chimayenera kuthandizira kusowa kwake. Munthawi yamatendawa, kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera kwa thupi imafunikira gramu imodzi ndi theka ya protein, ndipo panthawi yakukulira kwa matendawa, kumwa mapuloteni kuyenera kufikira magalamu awiri ndi theka a protein. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti theka lake liyenera kukhala lochokera kuzinyama. Mapuloteni amadzazidwa bwino ndikudya mkaka, kanyumba tchizi, nsomba, nyama, mazira.
Kupititsa patsogolo kagayidwe ka amino acid tryptophan, arginine ndi phenylalanine, ndikofunikira kudya zakudya ndi ma amino acid awa: feta tchizi, tchizi wolimba, kanyumba tchizi, nkhumba ndi chiwindi cha ng'ombe, nkhuku, Turkey, bowa (zouma zoyera), squid , soya, koko, nandolo, chum caviar. Izi amino acid zimakhala ndi maantibayotiki.
Kuphatikiza apo, thupi liyenera kukhala lodzaza ndi mafuta ofunikira (muyenera kudya mafuta a masamba ndi batala), mavitamini a magulu A, B, C, E, calcium (mutha kupeza pogwiritsa ntchito kanyumba tchizi, kabichi, nyemba, letesi, zoumba), phosphorous, magnesium ndi iron.
Ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mimba, wodwalayo amafunika kudya msuzi wonyezimira, msuzi wofooka, mbale zotentha, chimanga, ndiwo zamasamba (dzungu, kaloti, zukini, mbatata), odzola, odzola, decoction ya rosehip, timadziti, tchizi chosakhala ndi asidi osati tchizi wonunkhira, cutlets steamed meatballs.
Pamene nasopharynx ndi larynx zimakhudzidwa ndi chifuwa chachikulu, ndikofunikira kuti chakudya chonse chikhale m'madzi, grated, mushy form. Uncool mbatata yosenda, tiyi kapena khofi wokhala ndi mkaka, mkaka wokha, phala la mkaka, msuzi wachisanu ndi mafuta osungunuka omwe ali oyenera kumwa.
Ngati chifuwa chachikulu cha TB chikuwonongeka pamafundo ndi mafupa, m'pofunika kudzaza thupi ndi calcium, phosphorous ndi mafuta a nsomba.
Mukatsokomola magazi, muyenera kuyeza madzi amchere, kumwa zakumwa, zakumwa za zipatso, odzola, madzi a phwetekere, madzi ndi mandimu, idyani semolina yamadzi.
Mwambiri, odwala amayenera kudya chakudya m'malo abata, osangalatsa, nthawi zonse pamalo opumira mpweya. Chakudya ayenera fractional, chiwerengero cha chakudya ayenera kasanu.
Zakudya za odwala omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu zimayambira pachakudya cha tebulo nambala 11.
Mankhwala achikhalidwe
- Mu poto ndi mkaka wotentha, onjezerani supuni ya mafuta amkati a tsekwe, nkhumba ndi tiyi wakuda waku India, onjezerani magalamu 250 a ma currants owuma ndi raspberries, magalasi awiri a vodka, masamba angapo a aloe. Kuphika kwa maola awiri ndi chivindikiro chatsekedwa pamoto wochepa. Mukamaliza kuphika, siyani msuziwo kuti upatse ola limodzi, kenako muusefa ndikuwonjezera uchi wa theka (ndibwino kutenga uchi wa mandimu, koma osayipa - ungataye phindu lake ndipo kusandulika poizoni). Tengani supuni imodzi supuni katatu patsiku musanadye (mphindi 2-20).
- Ndi chifuwa chachikulu, muyenera kudya mafuta anyama a nkhumba ndi tiyi. Kuti muchite izi, kabati 200 magalamu a nyama yankhumba ndi maapulo atatu obiriwira, ikani mbale ndikuwotha moto wochepa. Pakadali pano, menyani mazira 3 a nkhuku ndi kapu ya shuga mpaka yoyera. Pambuyo pogaya, onjezerani magalamu 12 a chokoleti chakuda chakuda chakuda ndi mazira. Thirani nyama yankhumba yosungunuka ndi maapulo osakaniza ndikusakanikirana bwino, kenako nsefa. Siyani kuti muziziziritsa. Bzalani batala pa mkate ndikudya ndi tiyi.
- Ndikofunika kutafuna phula, kukoka mpweya wa adyo ndi horseradish.
- Phytotherapy ndi njira yothandiza ya chifuwa chachikulu. Ndikofunika kumwa zakumwa kuchokera masamba a jamu, masamba a paini, chaga (birch bowa), coltsfoot, agave, mankhwala a Veronica, knotweed, masamba a nettle ndi mizu, aloe, St. John's wort, agave.
Zakudya zowopsa komanso zowopsa za chifuwa chachikulu
- ndi chifuwa chachikulu matumbo: nyama zosuta, zakudya zamzitini, nkhaka, mafuta anyama, mazira aiwisi ndi masamba, kvass, soda, mkate wakuda, zokometsera, mkaka wathunthu, chakudya chilichonse chozizira, nyama zamafuta;
- ndi chifuwa chachikulu impso: radish, horseradish, mpiru, tsabola, zakumwa zoledzeretsa;
- ndi chifuwa chachikulu larynx ndi nasopharynx Ndizoletsedwa kudya chakudya chomwe chimakwiyitsa nembanemba - chotupitsa, mchere, zokometsera, kuzifutsa, zotentha kapena kuzizira mbale, zonunkhira zonse;
- ndi chifuwa chachikulu chiwindi, ndikofunikira kupatula kudya mazira a dzira, nyama ndi nsomba zamitundu yambiri yamafuta, khofi, nyama zosuta, zokometsera, muffin.
Kwa mtundu uliwonse wa chifuwa chachikulu, kudya mopitirira muyeso ndi madzi owonjezera amatsutsana. Komanso, panthawi ya chithandizo, muyenera kupatula mafuta (zophikira, ng'ombe, nyama ya nkhumba), osadya, mikate, makeke okhala ndi zonona, nyama yamafuta ndi nsomba.
Chenjerani!
Otsogolerawo sali ndi udindo uliwonse poyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zaperekedwa, ndipo sizikutsimikizira kuti sizikukuvulazani. Zipangizozo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuperekera chithandizo chamankhwala ndikupanga matenda. Nthawi zonse muzifunsa dokotala wanu!