Zamkatimu
Ana a ku Poland amapatsidwa katemera woipa kuposa anzawo ku Czech Republic, Slovakia ndi Hungary. Makatemera aulere ndi akale, ndipo makolo amayenera kulipira okha zinthu zambiri zofunika.
Kholo Polish amene akufuna katemera mwana mogwirizana ndi mfundo mphamvu mu EU ayenera amathera 2 zikwi. mpaka 3 zloty. - Zomwe boma limapereka kwaulere zili pamlingo wa kalendala ya katemera wa Belarus kapena our country - akutero prof. Andrzej Radzikowski, wamkulu wa chipatala pachipatala cha ana University ku Warsaw. - Ngakhale Turkey ili ndi kalendala ya katemera ku Western Europe. Zatsopano zinayambika kumeneko pamene dokotala wa ana anali nduna ya zaumoyo. Tilinso ndi dokotala wa ana, koma mpaka pano sitinawone kusintha kwabwino - akuwonjezera Dr. Paweł Grzesiowski, mkulu wa Foundation of Institute of Infection Prevention ku Warsaw.
Mokakamizika katemera ana ku Poland
Monga gawo la katemera mokakamizidwa, katemera wachikale amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Poland, omwe amakakamiza mwanayo kuti aluma mobwerezabwereza, m'malo mwa kukonzekera kwamakono komwe kumalola katemera umodzi wotsutsana ndi matenda angapo. Panthawiyi, jekeseni iliyonse ndi yowonjezereka kwa mwanayo. Ku Czech Republic ndi Slovakia, katemera wophatikiza zigawo zisanu ndi chimodzi (DTPa-HBV-IPV-Hib) akupezeka mu pulogalamu yovomerezeka ya katemera, komanso katemera wa zigawo zisanu (DTPa-IPV-Hib) ku Hungary. Komabe, ku Poland, ana amapatsidwa katemera ndi mankhwala atatu padera, mwachitsanzo, DTP (katemera wotsutsa diphtheria, kafumbata ndi pertussis), katemera wa IPV (kupewa matenda a Heine ndi Medin, mwachitsanzo, matenda a viral palsy) ndi Hib (mabakiteriya oyambitsa chibayo ndi meningitis). ndi sepsis). Kuphatikiza apo, timatemera ndi katemera wachikale wa katemera wolimbana ndi chifuwa chachikulu, otchedwa katemera wa cellulose, pomwe katemera wa cellulose alipo, yemwe poyerekeza ndi katemera wa cell yonse sangayambitse zomwe zimatchedwa m'deralo komanso positi. - katemera zimachitikira. Kuphatikiza apo, ana azaka XNUMX omwe adalandira katemera akadali mtundu wachikale wa katemera wa poliyo wamoyo, womwe uli ndi chiopsezo - ngakhale chaching'ono - kuti athe kugwira ntchito. Mwa ana ang'onoang'ono, otetezeka, otchedwa katemera wa poliyo wotsekedwa (IPV). Komabe, pausinkhu wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, katemera wa poliyo wachikale ndi wovomerezeka. Muyenera kulipira yotetezeka, yosatsegulidwa. Ndondomeko yokakamiza ya katemera imaphatikizapo katemera wa pneumococci ndi meningococci, omwe angayambitse sepsis yakupha, yomwe imapezeka m'mayiko ena.
Katemera wa pneumococci
Kwa zaka zambiri, madokotala a ana akhala akuyitanitsa kuti alowe mu kalendala ya katemera wa pneumococcal, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Slovakia, Hungary ndi Czech Republic. Ku Poland, zinali zotheka kuwadziwitsa okha magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo. Bungwe la World Health Organization laika matenda a pneumococcal, pafupi ndi malungo, pamwamba pa mndandanda wa matenda opatsirana, kulamulira ndi kupewa zomwe ziyenera kuperekedwa patsogolo kwambiri. Pneumococcus ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa a bakiteriya mwa ana. Iwo amayambitsa kutupa chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti, pachimake otitis TV, kutupa paranasal sinuses, ndi ana ena ndi akuluakulu angayambitse moyo sepsis, meningitis kapena chibayo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti vuto la meningitis likhoza kukhala ugonthi, khungu, ziwalo za ziwalo ndi kusokonezeka maganizo. Zotsatira za katemera motsutsana ndi pneumococci zikhoza kuwonedwa ku Kielce, komwe kwakhala ndalama ndi boma lapafupi kwa zaka 6. Mu 2005, ana a 136 (mpaka zaka ziwiri) adagonekedwa m'chipatala chifukwa cha chibayo, ndipo 18 okha patatha zaka zisanu za opaleshoniyo. chiwopsezo cha otitis media chachepanso. - Tikuyembekeza kuti makolo ndi madokotala onse katemera waulere wa makanda onse motsutsana ndi pneumococci - anatsindika Prof. Maria Borszewska-Kornacka, wamkulu wa Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Clinic ku Clinical Hospital Fr. Anna Mazowiecka ku Warsaw. Palibenso ndalama zothandizira katemera wa meningococcal ku Poland. - Ngakhale kuti matenda a meningococcal ndi ochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha pneumococci, njira yawo imakhala yopatsa mphamvu kwambiri. Ana amamwalira panjira yopita kuchipatala, kapena panthawi yoyendetsa kuchokera ku chipinda cholandirira kupita ku ward - akutero Prof. Radzikowski.
Katemera wa Rotavirus
Makolo aku Poland amayeneranso kulipira katemera wa rotavirus m'thumba lawo. Kutsekula m'mimba komwe kumayambitsa kungayambitse kutaya madzi m'thupi mofulumira kwambiri, zomwe kwa makanda ndi ana aang'ono zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri. Amataya madzi okha, komanso ma electrolyte ndi zinthu zofunika kuti thupi lizigwira ntchito bwino. Chipatala cha ana ku Poland chifukwa cha rotavirus chimawononga PLN 70 miliyoni pachaka. - Ngati National Health Fund idagawira ndalama izi kuti azitemera anthu onse akhanda kuyambira chaka choperekedwa, titha kupulumutsa ana ku matendawa ndi zovuta zake, komanso titha kupulumutsa pamitengo yosadziwika, monga kusowa kwa makolo a odwala. kuntchito - akufotokoza Dr. Grzesiwoski.
Kubwerera kwa chifuwa chachikulu
Ngakhale kuti katemera wafala kwambiri wa ana ku chifuwa kuyambira 1950/60, matendawa akubwerera. Zingayambitse kutupa kwa mapapu, bronchi, impso, meninges ngakhale imfa. Zimawononga maso, kumva ndi minofu ya ubongo. Ku Poland, chaka chatha chinali chodabwitsa, pamene chiwerengerocho chinawonjezeka pafupifupi katatu. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, milandu yambiri inawonedwa m'magulu achikulire komanso kuchepa kwa aang'ono kwambiri. - Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zikuwonetsa kuti izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutayika kwa chitetezo chamthupi ndikupita kwa nthawi kuchokera ku mlingo womaliza wa katemera komanso kutuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda toxinogenic - akutero Prof. Janusz Ślusarczyk Mtsogoleri wa Mpando ndi Dipatimenti ya Public Health ya Medical University of Warsaw. Ndicho chifukwa chake bwanamkubwa wa California panthawiyo, Arnold Schwarzenegger, adayambitsa katemera wokakamiza kwa ophunzira onse mu 2011. Ndi bwinonso katemera anthu omwe amalumikizana ndi ana - makolo, abale. Komanso ku European Union, maiko ochulukirachulukira akubweretsa milingo iwiri yolimbikitsira ana okulirapo ndi achinyamata. Ku Austria ndi Luxembourg, katemera amalangizidwa zaka 10 zilizonse pambuyo pa zaka 16. Ku Poland, mlingo wowonjezera wa katemera wa chifuwa chachikulu wayambika kuyambira 2004 mwa ana a chaka chachisanu ndi chimodzi cha moyo. - Ngati katemera adabwezeredwa pang'ono pang'ono, zitha kuthandizira kufala kwa katemera wa pertussis m'magulu a achinyamata ndi akulu - akutero Prof. Ślusarczyk.
Pulogalamu ya Katemera yaku Poland
- Ndizochititsa manyazi kuti Pulogalamu ya Katemera wa ku Poland sikuti ndi yokwanira kuchokera ku USA, Canada kapena mayiko a Kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, komanso ndi osauka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ndondomeko za katemera waulere ku Czech Republic, Slovakia kapena Hungary - adakwiyitsa Prof. Andrzej Radzikowski. Ndiye mungachite chiyani kuti ana a ku Poland alandire katemera ku Ulaya komanso kuchepetsa kusagwirizana pakupeza katemera, chifukwa mapulogalamu a boma amasintha malinga ndi malo okhala? Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti yankho likhoza kukhala kuyika katemera pamndandanda wamankhwala omwe abwezeredwa ndikulipira pang'ono ndalama zawo ndi National Health Fund. Prof. Radzikowski wati kuwonjezera pa katemera wokakamiza, katemera wa chiwindi cha A kwa achinyamata, katemera wa hepatitis B ayenera kubwezeredwa kwa munthu aliyense amene sanatemedwepo, wa ana ndi okalamba, wa meningococci ndi pertussis kwa achinyamata. Ndikofunikiranso kuphunzitsa madokotala kuti katemera ku Poland akhale wokwera momwe angathere. Katemera si nkhani ya kusankha kwa munthu payekha. Kutsika kwa katemera wa katemera m’chiŵerengero cha anthu, m’pamenenso m’pamenenso m’pamenenso m’pamenenso m’pamenenso m’pamenenso m’pamenenso anthu amene sangalandire katemerayo pazifukwa zachipatala, amakhala ndi mwayi wotenga matenda kapena matenda. - Madokotala ambiri amalangiza makolo kupewa katemera, chifukwa mwana wamng'ono amayetsemula katatu ndikuyetsemula nthawi zonse chifukwa amapita ku nazale. Ndipo ngati, Mulungu aletsa, panali chochitika cha khunyu ndi malungo, mwanayo salandira katemera kwa moyo wake wonse. Izi siziyenera kukhala choncho, akutsindika Dr. Piotr Albrech wochokera ku Dipatimenti ya Gastroenterology ndi Nutrition for Children ku Medical University of Warsaw.