Mkate wa mutu wonse. Ili ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazakudya zathu - motero limadziwika kuti ndilo. Komabe, izi ndi zoona pa mkate wokha womwe mutha kuphika nokha. Kodi chimabisala bwanji buledi m'mashelefu athu?
Pogwiritsa ntchito mkate lero, mutha kupeza mitundu yonse ya michere, zonunkhira, utoto, zomwe ndizovulaza osati zowerengera zokha komanso thanzi la munthu.
Tirigu ufa
Zambiri mwazinthu zophika buledi zopangidwa kuchokera ku ufa wa tirigu woyengedwa. Kuchokera ku ufa woterewu pafupifupi mavitamini onse, mchere, mapuloteni, phospholipids ndi fumbi, kotero ubwino wake ndi wokayikitsa. Ndi bwino kusankha mkate wopangidwa kuchokera ku ufa wa tirigu kapena chinangwa. Koma ngakhale mkate uwu nthawi zambiri uli ndi ufa wa tirigu wa kalasi yoyamba ndi zina zowonjezera. Kupanda kutero, mkate wathunthu wa tirigu sungakhale wofuka, wokoma, ndi wokongola. The porous mawonekedwe a mkate amapereka gilateni, padziko masiku ano pali mkangano mkangano akatswiri zakudya.
margarine
Margarine ndichinthu chotsika mtengo, koma chifukwa maziko ake nthawi zambiri amakanda mtanda wa mkate. Komabe, margarine amaonedwa ngati osafunikira ngati Chowonjezera Chakudya, makamaka kwa ana. MAFUNSO a mafuta a TRANS, omwe amalowa mu margarine amadziwika ndi WHO ngati gawo lowopsa lazakudya. Zinthu izi zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri ndipo zimayambitsa matenda owopsa amtima ndi mitsempha.
Otsutsa ufa
Otsatsa ufa amathandizira kuyimitsa mtanda ndikuupangitsa kukhala wolusa komanso wowuma. Ndi chisakanizo cha zowonjezera zakudya ndi zinthu zina. Zina zopangira ufa ndizachilengedwe, ndipo zina ndizotsatira zamakampani opanga mankhwala. Zina mwazabwino zoletsedwa - 924а ndi 924b.
Emulsifiers
Kupanga buledi kumagwiritsa ntchito emulsifiers E471 ndi Е472е kukonza ufa wopanda gilateni wopanda phindu. Zowonjezera izi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mtanda, zomwe zimakhudza kupanga. Mwa iwo okha, siowopsa m'thupi, koma mkate wa kalori ndikutenga nawo mbali kumakula.
Enzyme
Mavitamini - mankhwala a mapuloteni omwe amafulumizitsa machitidwe osiyanasiyana. Mavitamini amasintha momwe ufa umakhalira umapangitsa kuti ukhale wamphamvu komanso uthandizire kuphika mkate. Chifukwa cha kukoma kwake ndi kununkhira kwa michere mu mkate kunawonjezeranso mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Chalk
Calcium carbonate E170 imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga buledi, chifukwa chake ufawo sunali Wodzaza komanso sunatenge mabala. Kugwiritsa ntchito choko ndi utoto. Kuchuluka Kwambiri kwa E170 kuyenera kukhala kuchokera ku 1.2 mpaka 1.5 magalamu patsiku. Chifukwa chake, kuzidya mopitirira muyeso ndikudya mkate sikofunika kwa aliyense.