Achinyamata amene anakumanapo ndi zowawa zambiri nthaŵi zambiri amafunafuna njira yochepetsera ululu wawo wamkati. Ndipo njira iyi ikhoza kukhala mankhwala. Kodi mungapewe bwanji izi?
Achinyamata omwe adakumana ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike asanakwanitse zaka 11 amakhala ndi mwayi woyesa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamankhwala. Mfundo imeneyi inafikiridwa ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo wa ku America Hannah Carliner ndi anzake.1.
Anaphunzira mafayilo aumwini a achinyamata pafupifupi 10: 11% a iwo adazunzidwa mwakuthupi, 18% adachita ngozi, ndipo 15% ya ozunzidwa ndi ngozi anali achibale.
Zinapezeka kuti 22% ya achinyamata adayesa kale chamba, 2% - cocaine, 5% adamwa mankhwala amphamvu popanda kuuzidwa ndi dokotala, 3% - mankhwala ena, ndi 6% - mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala.
Hannah Karliner anati: “Ana amavutika kwambiri ndi nkhanza. Opulumuka amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo panthawi yaunyamata. Komabe, chiopsezo cha chizolowezi choledzeretsa chimakhudzidwanso ndi zochitika zina zoopsa zomwe zimachitika paubwana: ngozi za galimoto, masoka achilengedwe, matenda aakulu.
Kuzunza ana kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kwa ana.
Kaŵirikaŵiri, ana anayesa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amene makolo awo iwo eniwo anavutika ndi kumwerekera ndi uchidakwa. Olemba kafukufuku amawona zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingatheke pa izi. Ana a m’mabanja oterowo ali ndi mwaŵi wakuyesa mankhwala oledzeretsa kunyumba kapena atengera chibadwa cha zizoloŵezi zoipa kuchokera kwa makolo awo. Kuyang'ana makolo awo, amawona kuti ndizotheka "kuchepetsa kupsinjika" mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimasokoneza maganizo. Chenicheni chakuti makolo oterowo kaŵirikaŵiri amanyalanyaza ntchito yakulera mwana imakhalanso ndi mbali.
Zotsatira za kuyesa kwa achinyamata ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo zingakhale zachisoni: n'zotheka kukhala ndi chizolowezi choledzera, kusokonezeka maganizo. Monga momwe ochita kafukufuku akugogomezera, ana omwe adakumana ndi vuto la maganizo amafunikira chithandizo chapadera kuchokera kusukulu, akatswiri a maganizo ndi mabanja. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwaphunzitsa kupirira kupsinjika ndi zokumana nazo zovuta. Apo ayi, mankhwala adzalandira udindo wa anti-stress.
1 H. Carliner et al. "Childhood Trauma ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Paunyamata: A Population-Based National Comorbidity Survey Replication-Adolescent Supplement Study", Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2016.