Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 112 | Tsamba 1684 | 6.7% | 6% | 1504 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 5 ga | 76 ga | 6.6% | 5.9% | 1520 ga |
| mafuta | 6 ga | 56 ga | 10.7% | 9.6% | 933 ga |
| Zakudya | 8.5 ga | 219 ga | 3.9% | 3.5% | 2576 ga |
| Mowa (ethyl mowa) | 0.03 ga | ~ | |||
| zidulo zamagulu | 1.3 ga | ~ | |||
| Water | 78.5 ga | 2273 ga | 3.5% | 3.1% | 2896 ga |
| ash | 0.7 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini A, RE | Makilogalamu 33 | Makilogalamu 900 | 3.7% | 3.3% | 2727 ga |
| Retinol | 0.03 mg | ~ | |||
| beta carotenes | 0.02 mg | 5 mg | 0.4% | 0.4% | 25000 ga |
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.03 mg | 1.5 mg | 2% | 1.8% | 5000 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.15 mg | 1.8 mg | 8.3% | 7.4% | 1200 ga |
| Vitamini B4, choline | 40 mg | 500 mg | 8% | 7.1% | 1250 ga |
| Vitamini B5, pantothenic | 0.31 mg | 5 mg | 6.2% | 5.5% | 1613 ga |
| Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.05 mg | 2 mg | 2.5% | 2.2% | 4000 ga |
| Vitamini B9, folate | Makilogalamu 7.8 | Makilogalamu 400 | 2% | 1.8% | 5128 ga |
| Vitamini B12, cobalamin | Makilogalamu 0.43 | Makilogalamu 3 | 14.3% | 12.8% | 698 ga |
| Vitamini C, ascorbic | 0.6 mg | 90 mg | 0.7% | 0.6% | 15000 ga |
| Vitamini D, calciferol | Makilogalamu 0.09 | Makilogalamu 10 | 0.9% | 0.8% | 11111 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 0.2 mg | 15 mg | 1.3% | 1.2% | 7500 ga |
| Vitamini H, biotin | Makilogalamu 3.51 | Makilogalamu 50 | 7% | 6.3% | 1425 ga |
| Vitamini K, phylloquinone | Makilogalamu 0.2 | Makilogalamu 120 | 0.2% | 0.2% | 60000 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 1.4 mg | 20 mg | 7% | 6.3% | 1429 ga |
| niacin | 0.2 mg | ~ | |||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 137 mg | 2500 mg | 5.5% | 4.9% | 1825 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 122 mg | 1000 mg | 12.2% | 10.9% | 820 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 14 mg | 400 mg | 3.5% | 3.1% | 2857 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 50 mg | 1300 mg | 3.8% | 3.4% | 2600 ga |
| Sulufule, S | 50 mg | 1000 mg | 5% | 4.5% | 2000 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 92 mg | 800 mg | 11.5% | 10.3% | 870 ga |
| Mankhwala, Cl | 100 mg | 2300 mg | 4.3% | 3.8% | 2300 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Zotayidwa, Al | Makilogalamu 50 | ~ | |||
| Iron, Faith | 0.1 mg | 18 mg | 0.6% | 0.5% | 18000 ga |
| Ayodini, ine | Makilogalamu 9 | Makilogalamu 150 | 6% | 5.4% | 1667 ga |
| Cobalt, Co. | Makilogalamu 1 | Makilogalamu 10 | 10% | 8.9% | 1000 ga |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.006 mg | 2 mg | 0.3% | 0.3% | 33333 ga |
| Mkuwa, Cu | Makilogalamu 10 | Makilogalamu 1000 | 1% | 0.9% | 10000 ga |
| Mzinda wa Molybdenum, Mo. | Makilogalamu 5 | Makilogalamu 70 | 7.1% | 6.3% | 1400 ga |
| Kutsogolera, Sn | Makilogalamu 13 | ~ | |||
| Selenium, Ngati | Makilogalamu 2 | Makilogalamu 55 | 3.6% | 3.2% | 2750 ga |
| Olimba, Sr. | Makilogalamu 17 | ~ | |||
| Zamadzimadzi, F | Makilogalamu 20 | Makilogalamu 4000 | 0.5% | 0.4% | 20000 ga |
| Chrome, Kr | Makilogalamu 2 | Makilogalamu 50 | 4% | 3.6% | 2500 ga |
| Nthaka, Zn | 0.4 mg | 12 mg | 3.3% | 2.9% | 3000 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 8.5 ga | maulendo 100 г | |||
| sterols | |||||
| Cholesterol | 17 mg | pa 300 mg | |||
| Mafuta okhutira | |||||
| Mafuta okhutira | 3.8 ga | maulendo 18.7 г | |||
| Monounsaturated mafuta zidulo | 1.82 ga | Mphindi 16.8 г | 10.8% | 9.6% | |
| Mafuta a Polyunsaturated acids | 0.281 ga | kuchokera 11.2 mpaka 20.6 | 2.5% | 2.2% | |
| Omega-3 mafuta acids | 0.056 ga | kuchokera 0.9 mpaka 3.7 | 6.2% | 5.5% | |
| Omega-6 mafuta acids | 0.1875 ga | kuchokera 4.7 mpaka 16.8 | 4% | 3.6% |
Mphamvu ndi 112 kcal.
- Galasi 250 ml = 250 gr (280 kcal)
- Galasi 200 ml = 200 gr (224 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 18 g (20.2 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 5 g (5.6 kcal)
- vitamini B12 imachita gawo lofunikira pakusintha kwama metabolism ndikusintha kwa amino acid. Folate ndi vitamini B12 ndi mavitamini ogwirizana ndipo amatenga nawo mbali pakupanga magazi. Kusowa kwa vitamini B12 kumabweretsa kukulira kuchepa kwa tsankho kapena sekondale, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
- kashiamu ndiye gawo lalikulu la mafupa athu, amakhala ngati wolamulira wamanjenje, amatenga nawo gawo pakumapindika kwa minofu. Kulephera kwa calcium kumabweretsa demineralization ya msana, mafupa amchiuno ndi kumapeto kwenikweni, kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kufooka kwa mafupa.
- Phosphorus amatenga nawo gawo pazinthu zambiri zakuthupi, kuphatikiza mphamvu yamagetsi, kuwongolera kuyamwa kwa asidi, ndi gawo la phospholipids, nucleotides ndi nucleic acid, ndikofunikira pakuchepetsa mafupa ndi mano. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a anorexia, kuchepa magazi, ziphuphu.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.