Acanthosis nigricans (AN) ndi chikhalidwe cha khungu chomwe chimadziwika ndi mdima wandiweyani wa khungu lomwe limayambitsa, makamaka m'khosi ndi m'khwapa. Dermatosis iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala yoyipa komanso yokhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, koma imathanso kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda oyambitsa matenda monga chotupa chowopsa.

Mawonekedwe akuda, okhuthala, owuma komanso owuma, koma osapweteka, madera a khungu ndi mawonekedwe a Acanthosis nigricans. Mtundu wawo umachokera ku hyperpigmentation (kuchuluka kwa melanin) ndi kukhuthala kwa hyperkeratosis (kuwonjezeka kwa keratinization). Zomera zokhala ngati njerewere zimatha kukula. Mawangawa amatha kuwonekera pazigawo zonse za thupi, koma amakhudza kwambiri makwinya a khungu, pamlingo wa khosi, m'khwapa, groin ndi genito-anal. Amawoneka pang'ono pang'ono pa mawondo, zigongono, mabere ndi mchombo. Kuwunika kolondola kuyenera kuletsa malingaliro a matenda a Addison [[+ link]] omwe amayambitsa ntchito zofananira.

Ofufuza akuganiza kuti acanthosis nigricans amachitika chifukwa chakuti khungu limakana insulini yochulukirapo, timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi tambiri tomwe timayendetsa shuga m'magazi. Kukana insulini uku kumatha kulumikizidwa ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kunenepa kwambiri komanso matenda amtundu wa 2. M'mawonekedwe ake ofatsa, odziwika kwambiri komanso odziwika ngati pseudoacanthosis nigricans, awa ndi mawonetseredwe a khungu omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri komanso kusinthika ndi kuwonda. Mankhwala amathanso kukhala oyambitsa zochitika zina, monga kukula kwa mahomoni kapena njira zina zakulera zapakamwa.

Acanthosis nigricans amathanso kukhala chizindikiro chakunja ndi chowonekera cha vuto losakhazikika, lopanda phokoso. Izi zilonda mawonekedwe Mwamwayi kwambiri osowa chifukwa causal matenda nthawi zambiri amakhala chotupa aukali: izo zimawonedwa 1 mwa 6 odwala khansa, nthawi zambiri zimakhudza m`mimba dongosolo kapena genitourinary dongosolo. -mkodzo. Avereji ya moyo wa wodwala yemwe ali ndi vuto la AN imachepetsedwa kukhala zaka zingapo. (000)

Amuna ndi akazi amakhudzidwa mofanana ndipo acanthosis nigricans akhoza kuwoneka pa msinkhu uliwonse, koma makamaka akakula. Dziwani kuti anthu akhungu lakuda amakhudzidwa pafupipafupi, kotero kuchuluka kwa NA ndi 1-5% pakati pa azungu ndi 13% pakati pa akuda. (1) Kuwonekera kwa khungu kumeneku kumawonedwa pafupifupi theka la akuluakulu omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Matendawa sapatsirana. Pali zochitika zapabanja za AN, zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndi autosomal (zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu wokhudzidwayo ali ndi chiopsezo cha 50% chopatsira matendawa kwa ana, atsikana ndi anyamata).

Kuchiza kwa AN yofatsa kumaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa insulini m'magazi ndi zakudya zoyenera, makamaka popeza AN ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga. Mulimonsemo, m'pofunika kukaonana ndi dermatologist pakakhala kuoneka kwa dera lakuda ndi lakuda. Pamene AN ikuwoneka mwa munthu yemwe sali wonenepa kwambiri, kuyesedwa kokwanira kuwonetsetsa kuti sikukugwirizana ndi kukhalapo kwa chotupa.