AHA (alpha-hydroxyacides). Pansi pa dzinali amaphatikizidwa pamodzi ma asidi achilengedwe a zipatso - kuphatikizapo citric, glycolic, lactic ndi malic acids, komanso gluconolactone - zomwe zimaphatikizidwa muzodzola zokongola kuti ziwoneke bwino khungu lachikulire. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, amatha kufulumizitsa njira yachilengedwe yakutulutsa ndikuthandizira kubwezeretsanso dermis.^{7, 8, 9} Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zogwirika, mumafunika osachepera 8% AHA muzinthu komanso pH pakati pa 3,5 ndi 5 (kuti mutenge bwino). Kuchuluka kwa exfoliation kotero kumadalira kuchuluka kwa AHA kwa mankhwala ndi pH yake. Zogulitsa zambiri zogulitsira, komabe, zimakhala ndi AHA yochepa kwambiri ndipo zotsatira zake pa maonekedwe a khungu ndizochepa. Dziwani kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a dermatological omwe ali ndi ma AHA opitilira 10% (mpaka 70%) amangopangidwa motsogozedwa ndi akatswiri. Ma AHA muzinthu zambiri zokongola zamalonda ndi zopangira, koma zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zidulo zenizeni za zipatso.

Zotsatira zoyipa. Gwiritsani ntchito mosamala: Zotsatira zake zingakhale zoopsa ndipo zikufufuzidwabe. AHAs ndi ma asidi, choncho amakwiya, ndipo angayambitse kutupa, kusinthika, zotupa, kuyabwa ndi magazi komanso kutulutsa kwambiri ndi kufiira kwambiri; choncho m'pofunika kuyesa mankhwala poyamba pa dera laling'ono. Komanso, iwo amawonjezera photosensitivity khungu, lomwe limafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta oteteza dzuwa mosalekeza (chidziwitso: m'kupita kwanthawi, kuwonjezeka kwa photosensitivity kungayambitse khansa yapakhungu). Malinga ndi kafukufuku woyamba wa Food and Drug Administration, photosensitivity imabwerera mwakale patatha sabata atasiya chithandizo.¹⁰

 DHEA (déhydroepiandosterone). Pa anthu 280 azaka zapakati pa 60 ndi 79 omwe adagwiritsa ntchito DHEA tsiku lililonse kwa chaka (mlingo: 50 mg), ofufuza adawona kuchepa kwa zinthu zina za ukalamba, makamaka pakhungu (makamaka mwa amayi): kuchuluka kwa sebum, bwino hydration ndi kusintha pigmentation.¹⁶

Zotsatira zoyipa. DHEA idakali yodziwika bwino ndipo imakhala ndi zoopsa. Onani fayilo yathu ya DHEA.

 Retinol. Mawu asayansiwa amatanthauza mamolekyu achilengedwe a vitamini A. Kafukufuku wambiri amayang'ana kwambiri mawonekedwe a Retinol (onani retinoic acid, pamwambapa). Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti Retinol imathandizira kupanga kolajeni pakhungu (mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito kirimu cha 1% vitamini A kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri).¹¹ Komabe, zodzoladzola zodzikongoletsera zapakhomo zimakhala ndi Retinol pang'ono, chifukwa cha kawopsedwe wake wambiri (onani pankhaniyi vitamini A); zotsatira zokhudza makwinya ndi zizindikiro zina za ukalamba ndi zenizeni, koma kwenikweni zochepa. Zotsatira zake ndizothekabe. Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti vitamini A yachilengedweyi imakwiyitsa khungu kuposa yochokera ku retinoic acid.¹²

 Tiyi yaukhondo. Tikudziwa ubwino wa tiyi wobiriwira (camellia sinensis) zomwe timamwa, koma zinthu zina zodzikongoletsera zimaperekanso zopangira zapamutu. Malinga ndi zimene asayansi aona koyambirira, zikuoneka kuti ma polyphenols omwe ali nawo amatha kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa kuwala kwa UVB kwa anthu akhungu loyera.¹³

 Vitamini C mu ntchito apakhungu. Zokonzekera zam'mutu zomwe zili ndi 5% mpaka 10% vitamini C zimawoneka kuti zimathandizira mawonekedwe akhungu. M'mayesero angapo achipatala a miyezi itatu ndi placebo, m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, ofufuza adatha kuyesa kusintha: kuchepetsa makwinya, kusintha kwa maonekedwe ndi mtundu wa khungu.¹⁴ Kafukufuku wina akhoza kuyeza kusintha kwa collagen.¹⁵

 Vitamini E mu ntchito apakhungu. Zokongola zambiri zimakhala ndi vitamini E, koma kafukufuku wokhudza momwe zimagwirira ntchito pochiza kapena kupewa kukalamba kwa khungu sizimatsimikizika (ngakhale zonena).¹⁷ Kuphatikiza apo, vitamini E imatha kuyambitsa ziwengo pakhungu.

 Kupangidwanso. Mu mankhwala achi China, pali mankhwala olimbikitsa mphamvu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti minofu ikhale yamphamvu. Njira zapadera zimapangidwiranso kuchepetsa mizere yabwino komanso mizere yofotokozera, komanso zikhalidwe zina zapakhungu. Zocheperako poyerekeza ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, kusintha kwina kumawonekera pambuyo pa magawo awiri kapena atatu; chithandizo chathunthu chimatenga magawo 10 mpaka 12, pambuyo pake ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zochiritsira. Malingana ndi momwe munthuyo alili, madokotala amadzutsa zotsatira zingapo za kutema mphini: kukondoweza kwa ziwalo zina, kuwonjezeka kwa magazi m'dera lomwe likukhudzidwa, kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya yin yomwe imanyowetsa, kupumula kwa minofu yomwe kugwedeza kumayambitsa mbali yabwino ya makwinya. Kupatulapo zina, mankhwalawa samayambitsa mavuto.

 Kupukuta. Chifukwa cha mankhwala opweteka kwambiri kapena ma asidi achilengedwe kapena mankhwala (AHA, BHA, glycolic acid, etc.), mankhwalawa amamasula khungu la maselo akufa, omwe amathandizira kukonzanso maselo. Zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito nokha kapena zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pazokongoletsa ndizofanana. Kusintha kwa maonekedwe a khungu kumakhala kochepa komanso kwakanthawi.

 Zowonjezera. Khungu louma silimayambitsa makwinya, limangowapangitsa kuti awonekere. Mafuta odzola samachitira makwinya (kupatula omwe ali ndi zosakaniza zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa), koma amapangitsa khungu kukhala lowoneka bwino kwakanthawi ndipo limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusamalira khungu. Creams ndi mafuta odzola ali ndi mitundu yonse ya zinthu zachilengedwe - monga yam, soya, coenzyme Q10, ginger kapena algae - zomwe zingakhale ndi phindu pa khungu, koma pakadali pano palibe chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti akhoza kusintha mawonekedwe ake. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, onani tsamba lathu la Dry Skin.

 Madzi a mandimu. Zitha kukhala, malinga ndi magwero ena, kuti kugwiritsa ntchito madontho ochepa a mandimu pamadontho a senile lentigo kumawalepheretsa ndipo ngakhale kuwapangitsa kutha. Sitikudziwa kafukufuku wa sayansi wokhudza izi.

 Kuchiza. Kutikita minofu kumathandiza kubwezeretsa khungu hydration ndi kumasula poizoni m'thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, zosintha zina zimapangidwira kuti zitsitsimutse minofu ya nkhope ndikuchepetsa makwinya. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zaufupi, koma pulogalamu yanthawi zonse yakutikita minofu ya nkhope imathandizira kuti khungu liwoneke bwino.

 Kusamalira nkhope. Chithandizo chathunthu cha nkhope mu salon yokongola nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo kutulutsa, mask hydrating ndi kupaka nkhope, mankhwala atatu omwe ali opindulitsa pakhungu, ngakhale zotsatira zake zimakhala zazing'ono komanso zosakhalitsa. Chenjerani ndi zotulutsa zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zingayambitse zovuta.

 Mavitamini owonjezera. Panthawiyi, sakhulupirira kuti kudya mavitamini kumapereka ubwino wowonjezereka kwa khungu, monga thupi limangopereka mavitamini angapo pakhungu, mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa thupi.¹⁸