Zamkatimu
Kufotokozera
Mowa kapena mzimu (kuchokera ku lat. mzimu - mzimu) - ndi gulu lachilengedwe lomwe limakhala ndi magulu osiyanasiyana komanso ochulukirapo. Odziwika kwambiri komanso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Zamgululi, methyl ndi alirezatalischi zidakwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mowa imatheka osati kungopeza mu labotori komanso m'chilengedwe.
Amapezeka m'masamba a zomera (mwachitsanzo, methyl), mankhwala opangidwa ndi fermented mwachilengedwe (ethanol) mumafuta ofunikira. Mavitamini ena ndi amgulu la mowa: A, B8, ndi D. Mowa m'mikhalidwe yabwinobwino amakhala ndi mtundu wowonekera, fungo lakuthwa, komanso kukoma. Ndi bwino zosungunulira mafuta ndi mafuta zinthu. Mphamvu ya mowa imasiyanasiyana kuyambira 95,57 mpaka 100.
Zakumwa zokhala ndi mowa womwe umadziwika ndi anthu kuyambira kale. Pali umboni wazaka zambiri kuti zaka zopitilira 8 zikwi BC, anthu amagwiritsa ntchito zakumwa zopatsa zipatso ndikudziwa momwe zimakhudzira thupi. Choyamba cholemera kwambiri chakumwa chakumwa chidapangidwa ndi akatswiri achi Arab achi 6-7 zaka za AD. Ku Europe, anthu adapanga ethanol yoyamba ku Italy mzaka za zana la 11 ndi 12. M'gawo la Russia, chakumwa choledzeretsa choyamba chinali brandy, yomwe idabweretsedwa mu 1386 ndi akazembe aku Genoese. Komabe, 100% ya mowa idapezeka ku Russia ndimayesero amakankhwala mu 1796 ndi katswiri wamagetsi Ie Lovecam.
Mowa wopanga mafakitale
Pali njira ziwiri zikuluzikulu zopangira mowa wa ethyl, kupanga ndi kuthira kwachilengedwe. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi njira yachiwiri. Monga zopangira, opanga amagwiritsa ntchito zipatso, chimanga, mbatata, mpunga, chimanga, wowuma, nzimbe-yaiwisi. Zomwe zimachitika pakumwa mowa zimayamba kuchitika yisiti, michere, ndi mabakiteriya. Njira zopangira zimakhala ndi magawo angapo:
- kusankha, kutsuka, ndi kuphwanya zipangizo;
- kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zowuma mwa kuthirira shuga wosavuta;
- yisiti yisiti;
- distillation kumtunda kumtunda kwa mzati;
- Kuyeretsa kwa madzi omwe amamwa madzi akumwa kuchokera kuzinyalala ndi tizigawo tambiri.
Kunyumba, kumwa moyenera moyenera sikungatheke.
Mowa umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Ndiwodziwika bwino pazamankhwala, mafuta onunkhiritsa komanso mafakitale azodzikongoletsa, chakudya, ma distillery, ndi mafakitale amankhwala.
Mowa umapindulitsa
Mowa uli ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza komanso kugwiritsa ntchito. Ili ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, khungu, ndi manja a ogwira ntchito zaumoyo asanagwire ntchito. Komanso, opanga mowa amawonjezera ngati chida chothandizira kutulutsa mpweya wabwino ndipo amadziwika ngati zosungunulira pakupanga mankhwala, zokometsera, ndi zotulutsa. M'makampani opanga mowa, opanga mowa amamatira zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi zakudya monga zotetezera komanso zosungunulira mitundu yachilengedwe komanso zonunkhira.
Mu mankhwala owerengeka, amagwiritsira ntchito kupaka mowa kutentha kwambiri, kutentha ma compress, ndikupanga mankhwala opangira mankhwala. Inde, mowa womwe umakhala wangwiro ndikumwa kopanda kanthu komwe kumakulitsidwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa zitsamba ndi zipatso.
Pofuna kuchiza kupuma, chimfine, pakhosi, ndi bronchitis, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito tincture pa bulugamu, calendula, ndi Kalanchoe. Zosakaniza zonse zimatenga voliyumu ya 100 g. Bwinobwino kuphwanya ndi kutsanulira mu theka botolo limodzi ndi mowa. Siyani masiku atatu m'malo amdima. Wokonzeka kulowetsedwa kusakaniza ndi madzi ofunda molingana ndi 1:10 ndikumangirira zosachepera katatu patsiku.
Ngati matenda
Ngati muli ndi matenda oopsa, matenda amtima, ndi mitsempha yamagazi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tincture wa maluwa a duwa (300 g), beet wofiira wonyezimira (200 g), madzi a kiranberi (100 g), madzi a mandimu amodzi, uchi wamadzi (250 g) ) ndi ethanol (250 ml.). Zida zonse zimasakanikirana bwino ndikuzisiya kuti zipatse masiku 4-5. Tincture wokonzeka ayenera kutenga supuni 1 katatu patsiku.
Kuti muchepetse mitsempha yocheperako - pukutani ndi kupondereza kwa tincture wa mabokosi abulu. Pofuna kukonzekera, muyenera kuphwanya mabokosi apakati 6-10 ndikuwaphimba ndi mowa (500 g). Sakanizani kusakaniza mkati mwa masiku 14 m'malo amdima. Mankhwala omalizidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito posisita katatu patsiku pamiyendo ndi mitsempha yotchulidwa komanso kumeza madontho 3 katatu patsiku. Njira ya chithandizo ikuzungulira mwezi.
Mankhwala abwino ndi tincture wa chipatso cha barberry. Zipatso zatsopano kapena zouma (2 tbsp) kuthira ndi mowa (100 g.) Ndikupatseni kwa masiku 14. Kulowetsedwa kokonzeka kumatenga madontho 20 mpaka 30 osungunuka mu 50 ml ya madzi katatu patsiku. Mphamvu ya chithandizo imayamba kuwoneka patatha masiku 3 akumwa mwadongosolo.
Kuopsa kwa mowa ndi zotsutsana
Mowa womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani (ethanol, methanol, isopropanol), kuwonetseredwa kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kubweretsa kuyambika, mphamvu ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena kufa. Kutheka kwa zotsatira zina kumadalira kutulutsa mpweya, kuyambira maola 8 mpaka 21.
Mankhwala a methyl omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati amakhala ndi poyizoni wamphamvu kwambiri, yemwe amasokoneza machitidwe amanjenje (kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka, kugwa), machitidwe amtima (tachycardia). Amakhudza diso ndi mitsempha chamawonedwe, kuchititsa khungu kwathunthu. Kuyamwa kwa magalamu oposa 30 a mowa uku kumachitika imfa.
Mowa ndi wowopsa komanso umakhala ndi zotsatirapo zingapo zoyipa mthupi. Choyamba, kudzera m'matumbo am'mimba ndi m'matumbo mumalowa magazi mwamsangamsanga, ndendeyo imafika pachimake kwa mphindi 20-60 mutayamwa. Kachiwiri, zimakhudza kawiri pamanjenje: choyamba, kupangitsa chisangalalo champhamvu komanso kukhumudwa kwakukulu. Chifukwa chake ambiri amafa ndikuwononga maselo am'mimba. Chachitatu, kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo zamkati ndi machitidwe: chiwindi, impso, ndulu, kapamba, ndi ena.
