Angioplasty ndi njira imodzi yothanirana ndi matenda a mtima. Amachitidwa kuti atsegule mtsempha umodzi kapena ingapo popanda opareshoni. Angioplasty iyi nthawi zambiri imatsagana ndi kuyika kwa stent kuti mtsempha wa magazi usatsekedwenso. 

Coronary angioplasty kapena dilation imabwezeretsa kutuluka kwa magazi ku mtsempha umodzi kapena ingapo yotsekeka. Pamene mtsempha umodzi kapena ingapo yapakatikati mwapang'onopang'ono (yotchedwa stenosis) ndi ma deposits a mafuta kapena magazi (atherosulinosis), mtima sukhalanso wokwanira ndipo ulibe mpweya wokwanira. Izi zimabweretsa kupweteka komanso kumva kutsekeka pachifuwa: ndi angina pectoris. Mtsempha wamagazi ukatsekeka kotheratu, pamakhala chiopsezo cha myocardial infarction. Angioplasty imatheketsa "kutsegula" mitsempha yapamtima, popanda opaleshoni (mosiyana ndi opaleshoni ya coronary bypass). Ndi chizindikiro cha interventional cardiology. 

Angioplasty ndi stenting

Coronary angioplasty imatsirizidwa ndikuyika stent mu 90% ya milandu. Stent ndi prosthesis yomwe imatenga mawonekedwe a kasupe kakang'ono kapena chubu chachitsulo cha perforated. Amayikidwa pakhoma la mtsempha wamagazi panthawi ya angioplasty. Imasunga mtsempha wotsegula. Pali otchedwa stents yogwira: iwo yokutidwa ndi mankhwala amene amachepetsa chiopsezo cha kutsekeka kwa mtsempha watsopano ngakhale stent.

Kukonzekera angioplasty 

Njira iyi ya angioplasty imachitika pambuyo pa coronary angiography, kuwunika komwe kumalola kuwonetsetsa kwa mitsempha yam'mitsempha kuti ichiritsidwe. 

Asanayambe ndondomekoyi, electrocardiogram, kuyesa kupsinjika maganizo ndi kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumachitika. Dokotala adzakuuzani mankhwala omwe muyenera kusiya, kuphatikizapo zochepetsera magazi.

Angioplasty mu ntchito 

Mumabwerera ku chipatala maola 24 mpaka 48 musanachite opareshoni, kuti mukayese mayeso onse. Pafupifupi maola 5 zisanachitike, simukuloledwanso kudya kapena kumwa. Mukusamba betadine. Pamaso pa ndondomeko, inu kutenga piritsi amene cholinga kumasuka inu.

Angioplasty yokhala kapena popanda stenting imachitidwa pansi pa anesthesia wamba m'chipinda chothandizira odwala amtima. Mumakhala maso ndipo adokotala angakufunseni kuti mutseke kupuma kapena kutsokomola panthawi yomwe mukuchira kuti muwone mtima wanu bwino kapena kuti mufulumire kugunda kwa mtima wanu. 

Catheter yokhala ndi baluni yopumira kumapeto kwake imayambitsidwa kuchokera mtsempha wa mwendo kapena mkono. 

Pambuyo jekeseni wa chinthu chosiyana, kafukufukuyo amabweretsedwa pang'onopang'ono mumtsempha wamtima wotsekedwa. Kenako baluniyo imafufutidwa, yomwe imaphwanya plaque ya atheromatous ndi kutsegula mtsempha. Stent imayikidwa pa baluni ngati pakufunika kuyika stent. Pamene mukukweza baluni, mumatha kumva kupweteka kwakanthawi pachifuwa, mkono, kapena nsagwada. Nenani kwa adokotala. Pambuyo pa kuyika kwa stent, chiwongolerocho chimachotsedwa ndipo njira yodutsamo imapanikizidwa ndi bandeji yoponderezedwa kapena kutseka mphamvu.

Njirayi imatenga ola limodzi mpaka awiri onse.

Angioplasty imachitika pamene mtsempha umodzi kapena ingapo yapakatikati yakhazikika, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kumva kulimba pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira (angina) kapena matenda oopsa amtima (kugunda kwamtima). myocardium). 

Zotsatira za angioplasty 

Pambuyo pa coronary angioplasty kapena popanda stenting, amakutengerani kuchipinda chowunikira kenako kuchipinda chanu. Muyenera kugona pansi kwa maola angapo, osapinda mkono kapena mwendo wanu kupita ku puncture. Ogwira ntchito zachipatala adzabwera kudzawona kuthamanga kwa magazi anu, kugunda kwanu ndi maonekedwe a malo opunthira nthawi zonse. Mutha kukhala ndi zokhwasula-khwasula kapena chakudya chopepuka maola atatu mutatha angioplasty. M'pofunika kumwa kwambiri kulimbikitsa kuthetsa jekeseni kusiyana mankhwala. 

Mutha kutulutsidwa m'chipatala patangotha ​​​​masiku angapo opareshoniyo itachitika posachedwa, pokhapokha ngati opaleshoniyi idachitika panthawi ya vuto lalikulu la coronary (monga myocardial infarction). Kwa maola 48 oyambirira, muyenera kupuma ndipo simungathe kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kunyamula katundu wolemera. Ngati mukumva kuwawa kapena kutuluka magazi, funsani dokotala. Mutha kubwereranso kuntchito sabata yotsatira angioplasty kupatula ngati matenda a mtima achitika.

Zotsatira za angioplasty

Zotsatira za angioplasty nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino kwambiri. Imawongolera njira ya matenda a myocardial pakapita nthawi. 

Pali chiopsezo cha kuyambiranso kwa stenosis, re-stenosis: 1 nthawi mwa 4 kapena 5, kuchepa kwa mtsempha wamagazi kumawonekeranso pang'onopang'ono, makamaka m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira pambuyo pa angioplasty. Kenako angioplasty yatsopano imatha kuchitidwa. 

Moyo pambuyo angioplasty 

Mukafika kunyumba, muyenera kumwa mankhwala a antiplatelet pafupipafupi ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, kuti mitsempha isatsekekenso. Choncho ndi bwino kusiya kusuta, kuyambiranso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, kukhala ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kuchepetsa thupi ngati kuli kofunikira komanso kuthetsa kupsinjika maganizo komanso kuonetsetsa kuti matenda a kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, cholesterol yochuluka ndi dokotala.