Nyama ndi gawo lofunikira la chikhalidwe chachipembedzo ndi chikhalidwe cha ku Middle East, ndipo ali okonzeka kusiya kuti athetse mavuto azachuma ndi chilengedwe? Amina Tari, wothandizira PETA (People for Ethical Treatment of Animals) adagwira chidwi ndi atolankhani a Jordanian pamene adapita m'misewu ya Amman atavala diresi ya letesi. Ndi kuitana "Lolani zamasamba zikhale gawo lanu," adayesa kuyambitsa chidwi pazakudya zopanda nyama.
Yordani inali yomalizira paulendo wapadziko lonse wa PETA, ndipo letesi mwina anali kuyesa kopambana kwambiri kuti Aarabu aganizire zamasamba. M'mayiko achiarabu, mikangano yokonda zamasamba nthawi zambiri imabweretsa mayankho.
Anzeru ambiri akumaloko ngakhalenso mamembala a mabungwe oteteza nyama amati ili ndi lingaliro lovuta kwa malingaliro akummawa. Mmodzi mwa omenyera ufulu wa PETA, yemwe si wamasamba, adakwiya ndi zomwe bungweli likuchita ku Egypt.
“Igupto sanakonzekere kukhala ndi moyo wotere. Palinso mbali zina zokhudzana ndi nyama zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa kaye,” adatero.
Ndipo pamene Jason Baker, mkulu wa chaputala cha PETA cha Asia-Pacific, ananena kuti pochotsa nyama m’zakudya zanu, “mukuchitira zambiri nyama,” lingalirolo silinapeze chichirikizo chochuluka. Pokambirana ndi omenyera ufulu kuno ku Cairo, zidawonekeratu kuti kusadya zamasamba "ndi lingaliro lachilendo kwambiri" mtsogolo posachedwa. Ndipo iwo akhoza kukhala olondola.
Ramadan yatsala pang'ono kufika, ndiye Eid al-Adha, tchuthi pamene mamiliyoni a Asilamu padziko lonse amapha nkhosa za nsembe: ndikofunika kuti musachepetse kufunika kwa nyama mu chikhalidwe cha Aarabu. Mwa njira, Aigupto akale anali m'gulu loyamba kupanga ng'ombe ziweto.
M'dziko la Aarabu, pali malingaliro ena okhwima okhudzana ndi nyama - uwu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu. Ndi anthu olemera okha omwe angakwanitse kugula nyama tsiku lililonse pano, ndipo osauka amayesetsanso chimodzimodzi.
Atolankhani ena ndi asayansi omwe amateteza udindo wa anthu osadya zamasamba amanena kuti anthu adutsa njira inayake yachisinthiko ndikuyamba kudya nyama. Koma apa pali funso lina: kodi sitinafike pamlingo wa chitukuko kotero kuti tikhoza kusankha okha njira ya moyo - mwachitsanzo, yomwe siwononga chilengedwe ndipo sichichititsa kuti anthu mamiliyoni ambiri azivutika?
Funso la momwe tidzakhala m'zaka makumi angapo zikubwerazi liyenera kuyankhidwa mosaganizira mbiri yakale ndi chisinthiko. Ndipo kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kusintha zakudya zochokera ku zomera ndi imodzi mwa njira zosavuta komanso zothandiza kwambiri zolimbana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo.
UN yanena kuti kuweta nyama (kaya m'mafakitale kapena ulimi wamba) ndi chimodzi mwazinthu ziwiri kapena zitatu zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe m'magulu onse - kuyambira m'deralo mpaka padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo ndiyo njira yeniyeni yothetsera mavuto a kuweta ziweto imene iyenera kukhala yaikulu polimbana ndi kutha kwa nthaka, kuipitsa mpweya ndi kusowa kwa madzi, ndi kusintha kwa nyengo.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ngakhale simukutsimikiza za ubwino wa chikhalidwe cha zamasamba, koma mumasamala za tsogolo la dziko lathu lapansi, ndiye kuti ndizomveka kusiya kudya nyama - chifukwa cha chilengedwe ndi zachuma.
Ku Igupto komweko, ng’ombe zikwi mazana ambiri zimatumizidwa kukaphedwa, limodzinso ndi mphodza ndi tirigu ndi zigawo zina za zakudya za ku Aigupto. Zonsezi zimawononga ndalama zambiri.
Ngati Egypt ikadalimbikitsa zamasamba ngati ndondomeko yazachuma, mamiliyoni a Aigupto omwe akusowa ndikudandaula za kukwera kwamitengo ya nyama atha kudyetsedwa. Monga tikukumbukira, pamafunika 1 kilogalamu ya chakudya kuti apange 16 kilogalamu ya nyama yogulitsa. Izi ndi ndalama ndi zinthu zomwe zingathe kuthetsa vuto la anthu omwe ali ndi njala.
Hossam Gamal, wogwira ntchito mu Unduna wa Zaulimi ku Egypt, sanathe kutchula ndalama zenizeni zomwe zingapulumutsidwe mwa kudula nyama, koma iye anayerekezera kuti inali “madola mabiliyoni angapo.”
Gamal akupitiriza kuti: “Tikanatha kuwongolera thanzi ndi moyo wa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri ngati sitifunikira kuwononga ndalama zambiri kuti tikhutiritse chikhumbo cha kudya nyama.”
Iye akulozera akatswiri ena, monga omwe amakamba za kuchepa kwa malo oyenera kukhalamo chifukwa cha kubzala mbewu zaulimi. "Pafupifupi 30 peresenti ya malo opanda madzi oundana padziko lapansi pano akuweta ziweto," akutero Vidal.
Gamal akuti Aigupto akudya nyama zambiri, ndipo kufunikira kwa minda ya ziweto kukukulirakulira. Zoposa 50% za nyama zomwe zimadyedwa ku Middle East zimachokera ku mafamu a fakitale, adatero. Pochepetsa kudya nyama, iye akutero, “tikhoza kupangitsa anthu kukhala athanzi, kudyetsa anthu ambiri momwe tingathere, ndi kupititsa patsogolo chuma cha m’deralo pogwiritsa ntchito malo olimapo kaamba ka cholinga chake: kubzala mbewu – mphodza ndi nyemba – zimene panopa tikuzitumiza kunja.”
Gamal ananena kuti iye ndi mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa amene amadya masamba muutumiki, ndipo zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala vuto. Iye anati: “Ndimadzudzulidwa chifukwa chosadya nyama. "Koma ngati anthu omwe amatsutsa lingaliro langa angayang'ane dziko lapansi kudzera muzochitika zachuma ndi zachilengedwe, awona kuti pakufunika kupangidwa."