Dzanja (lochokera ku Latin brachium), lomwe nthawi zina limatchedwa forearm, ndi gawo la kumtunda pakati pa phewa ndi chigongono.

kapangidwe. Dzanja limapangidwa ndi fupa limodzi: humer. Magawo omaliza komanso ma intermuscular partitions amagawanitsa minofu kukhala magawo awiri:

• chipinda cham'mbuyo, chomwe chimagwirizanitsa minofu itatu yolumikizira, biceps brachii, coraco brachialis ndi brachialis
• chipinda cham'mbuyo, chopangidwa ndi minofu imodzi yowonjezera, triceps brachii

Kusakhazikika komanso kupatsa mphamvu. Kusungidwa kwa mkono kumathandizidwa ndi mitsempha ya musculocutaneous, mitsempha yozungulira, ndi mitsempha yamkati yamkati ya mkono (1). Nkhonoyi imakhala ndi mitsempha yambiri ndi mitsempha ya brachial komanso mitsempha ya brachial.

Supination movement. Minofu ya biceps brachii imatenga nawo mbali pakuyenda kwapatsogolo kwa mkono. (2) Kuyenda uku kumapangitsa kuti chikhatho cha dzanja chikhale chokwera pamwamba.

Kusuntha kwa chigongono / kutambasula. Minofu ya biceps brachii komanso minofu ya brachii imakhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha chigongono pamene minofu ya triceps brachii imayang'anira kukulitsa chigongono.

Kusuntha mkono. Minofu ya coraco-brachialis ili ndi ntchito yosinthasintha ndi yowonjezera m'manja. (3)

Kupweteka kwa mkono. Ululu umamveka pafupipafupi m'manja. Zomwe zimayambitsa zowawazi ndizosiyanasiyana ndipo zimatha kulumikizidwa ndi minofu, mafupa, tendon kapena mafupa.

• Ziphuphu. The humers akhoza kukhala malo a fractures, kaya pa mlingo wa shaft (pakati mbali ya humerus), m'munsi (chigongono), kapena kumtunda (mapewa). Chotsatiracho chikhoza kutsagana ndi kusuntha kwa phewa (3).
• Tendinopathies. Amawonetsa ma pathologies onse omwe amapezeka mu tendons. Zomwe zimayambitsa ma pathologies awa zitha kukhala zosiyanasiyana. Zoyambira zimatha kukhala zamkati komanso zotengera chibadwa, monga zakunja, mwachitsanzo, malo oyipa panthawi yamasewera. Pamlingo wa phewa, chikhomo cha rotator chomwe chimafanana ndi minyewa yomwe imaphimba mutu wa humer, komanso minyewa ya biceps yayitali ndi biceps brachii imatha kukhudzidwa ndi tendonitis, ndiko kunena kuti - kutupa. wa tendons. Nthawi zina, izi zimatha kuipiraipira ndikuyambitsa kuphulika kwa tendon. (4)
• Myopathy. Zimakhudza matenda onse a neuromuscular omwe amakhudza minofu ya minofu, kuphatikizapo mkono. (5)

Chithandizo cha mankhwala. Malingana ndi matendawa, mankhwala osiyanasiyana amatha kuperekedwa kuti athetse kapena kulimbitsa minofu ya mafupa kapena kuchepetsa ululu ndi kutupa.

Chithandizo cha opaleshoni. Kutengera mtundu wovulala, opareshoni imatha kuchitidwa ndikuyika zikhomo, mbale yosungika yolumikizira, chosinthira chakunja kapena nthawi zina ma prosthesis.

Chithandizo cha mafupa. Kutengera mtundu wovulala, kukhazikitsidwa kwa pulasitala kapena utomoni kumatha kuchitika.

Chithandizo chakuthupi. Njira zochiritsira zolimbitsa thupi monga physiotherapy kapena physiotherapy zitha kuperekedwa.

Kufufuza mwakuthupi. Kuzindikira kumayamba ndikuwunika kupweteka kwapakhosi kuti adziwe zomwe zimayambitsa.

Kuyesa kuyerekezera kwachipatala. X-ray, CT, MRI, scintigraphy kapena mafupa a densitometry angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsimikizira kapena kukulitsa matendawa.

Pamene imodzi mwa tendon ya biceps brachii imasweka, minofu imatha kubwerera. Chizindikirochi chimatchedwa "chizindikiro cha Popeye" poyerekeza ndi mpira wopangidwa ndi biceps wa munthu wopeka Popeye (4).