Caecum (kuchokera ku Latin cæcum intestinum, matumbo akhungu) ndi chiwalo chazakudya. Imafanana ndi gawo loyamba la colon, lotchedwanso matumbo akulu.

Location. Cecum ili mu iliac fossa yoyenera pamimba pamunsi, komanso kumbuyo kwa khoma lakumimba lakumbuyo. (1)

kapangidwe. Gawo loyambirira la m'matumbo, caecum imatsata ileamu, gawo lotsiriza la m'matumbo ang'ono. Pakamwa pa ileamu pa caecum pamakhala valavu ya ileo-caecal komanso sphincter wandiweyani ndipo imapanga mawonekedwe a ileo-caecal. Kumaliza mu cul-de-sac, caecum ndi 6 mpaka 8 cm mulifupi. Ili ndi kutambasula kotsika pansi pamunsi pa leamu, yotchedwa chowonjezera cha vermicular.

Cecum ndi zakumapeto zimapangidwa ndi malaya anayi, zigawo zapamwamba:

• serosa, yomwe imapanga nembanemba panja ndipo imafanana ndi visceral peritoneum
• minofu, yomwe imapangidwa ndimitengo yayitali yayitali
• submucosal
• ntchofu

Vascularization ndi innervation. Zonsezi zimakhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yam'mimba komanso yamitsempha yam'mimba ndipo imasungidwa ndi mitsempha yochokera plexus ya dzuwa ndi mesenteric plexus.

Kutenga madzi ndi ma electrolyte. Udindo waukulu wa cecum ndikutenga madzi ndi ma electrolyte omwe adakalipo pambuyo pa kugaya ndi kuyamwa, komwe kumachitika m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono (2).

Ntchito yotchinga. Valavu ya ileocecal ndi sphincter nthawi zambiri zimathandiza kuti zinthu zisabwerere ku ileamu. Cholepheretsa njira imodzi ndichofunikira kuti tipewe kuipitsidwa kwa matumbo ang'onoang'ono ndi mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka mumatumbo (3).

Mtundu. Imafanana ndi kutupa kwa cecum ndipo imawonetsedwa ndi kupweteka m'mimba komwe kumatsagana ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Kudwala Izi nthawi zambiri amapezeka odwala immunocompromised. (4)

Appendicitis. Zimachokera pakotupa kwa zakumapeto, zimawonetsa kupweteka kwambiri ndipo zimayenera kuthandizidwa mwachangu.

Volvulus iwe wakhungu. Imafanana ndi torsion ya cecum chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa omaliza. Zizindikiro zitha kukhala kupweteka m'mimba ndi kukokana, kudzimbidwa, kapena kusanza.

Mimba. Khansa yam'matumbo makamaka imachokera ku chotupa chosaopsa, chotchedwa adenomatous polyp, chomwe chimatha kukhala chotupa chowopsa (4) (5). Zotupa izi zimatha kukula makamaka m'maselo amkati amkati mwa cecum.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala. Kutengera matenda, mankhwala amatha kuperekedwa monga analgesics, laxatives kapena mafuta.

Chithandizo cha opaleshoni. Kutengera matenda ndi kupita patsogolo kwake, chithandizo chamankhwala chitha kuchitidwa monga kuchotsedwa kwa colon (colectomy).

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy kapena chithandizo chofunikira. Izi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo a khansa.

Kuyesedwa kwakuthupi. Kuyamba kwa zowawa kumayamba ndikuwunika kuchipatala kuti muwone zowawa komanso zomwe zimatsatiridwa.

Kufufuza kwachilengedwe. Mayeso amwazi ndi chopondapo atha kuchitidwa.

Kuyeza zojambula zamankhwala. Kutengera matenda omwe akukayikiridwa kapena kutsimikiziridwa, mayeso owonjezera atha kuchitidwa monga ultrasound, CT scan kapena MRI.

Kufufuza kwa Endoscopic. Colonoscopy itha kuchitidwa kuti iphunzire makoma a colon.

Maonekedwe a caecum amaphatikizidwa ndi cul-de-sac, chifukwa chake chiyambi chake chachi Latin: wakhungu, matumbo akhungu (6).