Kusokonezeka kwamakhalidwe kumawonetsedwa ndi zochita kapena zochita, zomwe sizili malingaliro olondola. Atha kufotokozedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana (mowonjezera kapena mwachisawawa) ndikukhudzidwa ndi magawo osiyanasiyana: chakudya, malingaliro, kugonana ...

Khalidwe lingatanthauzidwe ngati njira yochitira kapena momwe amakhalira m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Choncho ndi liwu lodziwika bwino lomwe lilibe tanthauzo la "sayansi". “Kusokonezeka kwa khalidwe kumayenderana ndi zochitika za chikhalidwe cha anthu kapena chikhalidwe ndipo kumatsimikizira kuti pali vuto la misala,” akufotokoza motero Dr Marion Zami, yemwe ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo. Zitha kubweretsa kusakhazikika, nkhanza, vuto la obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), vuto la kudya (anorexia, bulimia, etc.), kunyanyira, kuledzera (mowa, fodya, mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo, ndi zina zotero. sewera, ntchito, kugonana, zowonetsera ...) kapena phobias ".

Kuti zidziwike kuti zili choncho, chilichonse mwazovutazi chimayenera kubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pamakhalidwe, maphunziro kapena akatswiri. Matendawa amatha kuwoneka nthawi iliyonse ya moyo, kuyambira ali mwana mpaka wamkulu.

Kudya matenda

Kusokonezeka kwa khalidwe la kudya (kapena TCA) kumasonyezedwa ndi khalidwe losokonezeka la kudya. Mitundu iwiri yapamwamba ya TCA iyi ndi bulimia ndi anorexia.

Bulimia imadziŵika ndi chikhumbo chadzidzidzi, chosalamulirika chofuna kudya chakudya chochuluka kwambiri popanda kutha kuimitsa. “Anthu akamayesa kuonda nthawi zonse, kudya mopambanitsa kumayendera limodzi ndi kusanza. Kenako tilankhula za bulimia yoletsa kapena kusanza bulimia, kutsutsana ndi hyperphagic bulimia pomwe palibe njira yolipirira ", akutero dokotala.

Pankhani ya matenda a anorexia (omwe amatchedwanso anorexia nervosa), anthu, nthawi zambiri azaka zapakati pa 14 ndi 17, amakhala ndi malingaliro owonjezera kunenepa ndipo amadziletsa kudya kwambiri. "Matendawa amatha miyezi ingapo kapena zaka," akuwonjezera katswiriyo. Mosiyana ndi anthu amene ali ndi vuto la bulimia, odwala anorexia amaonda nthaŵi zonse mpaka kuika moyo wawo pachiswe.

Nthawi za bulimia ndi anorexia zimatha kusinthana mwa munthu yemweyo. Matendawa, omwe nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kusapeza bwino, amasamalidwa ndi magulu amitundu yosiyanasiyana mkati mwa ntchito zamisala.

Matenda a maganizo

Kusokonezeka maganizo (komwe kumatchedwanso kusokonezeka maganizo kapena kusokonezeka kwamaganizo) makamaka kumadziwika ndi kusokonezeka kwa maganizo. Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kusinthasintha maganizo amakhala ndi maganizo oipa kwambiri komanso kwa nthawi yaitali kuposa anthu ambiri. Iye amavutika kukwaniritsa ntchito yake, banja ndi chikhalidwe udindo.

Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya matendawa ndi:

• Kuvutika maganizo (kapena kuvutika maganizo): Munthu amene ali ndi maganizo ovutika maganizo amakhumudwa kwambiri komanso kwa nthawi yaitali kuposa anthu ambiri. Iye amavutika kwambiri kulamulira maganizo ake ndipo angaganize kuti moyo wake wangokhala ndi ululu wosalekeza. Munthuyo amadzipeza kuti ali m'mavuto ndi ntchito zake, banja komanso chikhalidwe chake.

Kusokonezeka kwamakhalidwe ogonana

Nkhawa ndi khalidwe lachibadwa, koma ngati muli ndi vuto la nkhawa, zimakhala zovuta kukhala ndi moyo wabwino. Dr. Zami anati: “Kuda nkhawa ndi nkhani zokhudza kugonana kapena nkhani zokhudza kugonana, monga kugwirizana kapena kusagwirizana ndi mwamuna kapena mkazi wake, kungachititse kuti anthu azisokonezana komanso kupewa kugonana.

Vuto lina la khalidwe la kugonana: chizolowezi chogonana. “Kumadziŵika ndi makhalidwe obwerezabwereza a kugonana ndi kulephera kudziletsa, chikhumbo chofuna kuwasokoneza popanda chipambano ndi zotsatirapo zoipa kwa munthuyo ndi achibale ake. Anthu omwe akukhudzidwa ndi amuna ambiri, amuna atatu kapena asanu kwa mkazi, wamaphunziro apamwamba, makamaka okwatiwa ”, akupitiliza.

Ma paraphilias nawonso ndi gawo limodzi la zovuta zamakhalidwe ogonana. "Amadziwika ndi malingaliro odzutsa chilakolako chogonana, zilakolako zakugonana kapena machitidwe omwe amachitika mobwerezabwereza komanso mwamphamvu, komanso kuphatikiza zinthu zopanda moyo, kuzunzika kapena kudzichititsa manyazi iwe kapena bwenzi lako, ana kapena anthu ena osalola," akufotokoza motero wotilankhula naye. Ambiri paraphilic matenda ndi pedophilia, voyeurism, exhibitionism, frotteurism, kugonana masochism, sadism kugonana, fetishism, transvestism.

Kusokonezeka kwamakhalidwe kumatha kukhala kwa ena (matenda a bipolar…) olumikizidwa ndi makonda amphamvu abanja omwe amabweretsa chiwopsezo chamalingaliro komanso kulephera kuwongolera momwe akumvera. Zitha kukhalanso chifukwa cha kugwedezeka maganizo (kupatukana, kukhudzidwa ndi chiwawa, mavuto a zachuma), kupwetekedwa mutu kapena kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda ena monga matenda a malungo (malaria, sepsis), Alzheimer's kapena chotupa mu ubongo.

Kaŵirikaŵiri ndi dokotala wa zamaganizo a ana (ngati ali mwana) kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo (wa akuluakulu) amene angazindikire vuto la khalidwe pambuyo pofufuza bwinobwino. “Kuwonjezera pa zizindikirozo, katswiriyo adzaganiziranso zachipatala ndi za banja la wodwalayo, komanso mmene zinthu zilili pa moyo wake,” anatero Dr. Zami.

Mankhwala ena angakhale othandiza. Muzochitika zonse, kutsata zamaganizo kapena ngakhale zamaganizo ndikofunikira. Njira zina monga hypnosis, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), naturopathy, kusinkhasinkha kungapereke mpumulo.