Kupita m'nkhalango kwa boletus yachilimwe (Leccinum), simungadandaule: mitundu iyi ilibe anzawo oopsa. Bowa omwe amacha mu June amangofanana pang'ono ndi bile Tylopilus felleus, koma matupi osadyekawa amakhala ndi thupi lapinki, kotero ndizovuta kusokoneza ndi Leccinum. Boletus boletus, kuwonekera m'nkhalango kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, pitirizani fruiting mpaka pakati pa autumn.
Bowa wa Boletus amadziwika kwa aliyense. Mitundu ya June ndiyofunika kwambiri, chifukwa ndi yoyamba pakati pa bowa wamtengo wapatali. M’mwezi wa June, pamene udzudzu udakali wochepa m’nkhalango, zimakhala zosangalatsa kuyenda m’mbali mwa nkhalango yobiriwira yomwe yangoyamba kumene. Panthawi imeneyi, amakonda madera otseguka akum'mwera a mitengo ndi mapiri ang'onoang'ono m'mphepete mwa ngalande ndi m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nyanja.
Panthawiyi, mitundu yotsatirayi ya boletus imapezeka nthawi zambiri:
- chikasu
- Zachizoloŵezi
- zamanyazi
Zithunzi, mafotokozedwe ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu a bowa a boletus amitundu yonseyi akufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.
Boletus chikasu-bulauni
Kodi boletus yachikasu-bulauni (Leccinum versipelle) imamera kuti: birch, coniferous ndi nkhalango zosakanikirana.
Nyengo: kuyambira June mpaka October.
Chipewacho ndi minofu, 5-15 masentimita awiri, ndipo nthawi zina mpaka 20 cm. Maonekedwe a kapu ndi hemispherical yokhala ndi ubweya waubweya pang'ono, ndi zaka zimakhala zochepa kwambiri. Mtundu - wachikasu-bulauni kapena lalanje wowala. Nthawi zambiri khungu limapachikidwa m'mphepete mwa kapu. M'munsi pamwamba ndi finely porous, pores ndi kuwala imvi, yellow-imvi, ocher-imvi.
Mu mtundu uwu wa bowa wa boletus, mwendo ndi wochepa thupi komanso wautali, woyera mumtundu, wokutidwa ndi mamba akuda, m'zitsanzo zazing'ono ndi zakuda.
Mnofu ndi wandiweyani woyera, pa odulidwa amasanduka imvi-wakuda.
Tubular wosanjikiza mpaka 2,5 cm wandiweyani wokhala ndi ma pores oyera oyera kwambiri.
Kusinthana: mtundu wa kapu umasiyana kuchokera ku bulauni wonyezimira mpaka wachikasu-bulauni ndi wakuda. Pamene bowa likukhwima, khungu la kapu likhoza kufota, kuwonetsa ma tubules ozungulira. Pores ndi tubules poyamba ndi yoyera, ndiye chikasu-imvi. Mamba pa tsinde amakhala imvi poyamba, kenako pafupifupi wakuda.
Palibe mapasa oopsa. Mofanana ndi bowa wa boletus bile (Tylopilus felleus), omwe ali ndi mnofu wa pinkish ndipo amakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa komanso kukoma kowawa kwambiri.
Njira zophikira: kuyanika, pickling, kumalongeza, kukazinga. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa mwendo musanagwiritse ntchito, komanso mu bowa akale - khungu.
Zodyera, gulu la 2.
Onani momwe boletus yachikasu-bulauni imawonekera pazithunzi izi:
Common boletus
Pamene boletus wamba (Leccinum scabrum) amakula: kuyambira koyambirira kwa Juni mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala.
Malo okhala: nkhalango zowirira, nthawi zambiri za birch, komanso zimapezeka m'nkhalango zosakanikirana, limodzi kapena m'magulu.
Chipewacho ndi minofu, 5-16 masentimita awiri, ndipo nthawi zina mpaka 25 cm. Maonekedwe a kapu ndi hemispherical, ndiye ngati khushoni, yosalala ndi pamwamba pang'ono ulusi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana: imvi, yofiirira, yofiirira, yofiirira. Nthawi zambiri khungu limapachikidwa m'mphepete mwa kapu.
Mwendo 7-20 cm, woonda ndi wautali, cylindrical, wokhuthala pang'ono pansi. Mu bowa wamng'ono, ndi woboola pakati. Tsinde lake ndi loyera ndi mamba omwe amakhala pafupifupi akuda mu bowa wokhwima. Minofu ya miyendo ya zitsanzo zakale imakhala yolimba komanso yolimba. makulidwe - 1-3,5 cm.
Zamkati ndi wandiweyani woyera kapena friable. Pa nthawi yopuma, mtundu umasintha pang'ono kukhala pinki kapena imvi-pinki ndi fungo labwino ndi kukoma.
The hymenophore ndi pafupifupi yaulere kapena yopindika, yoyera kapena imvi mpaka imvi mu msinkhu, ndipo imakhala ndi machubu aatali masentimita 1-2,5. Ma pores a tubules ndi ang'onoang'ono, ozungulira-ozungulira, oyera.
Kusinthana: mtundu wa kapu umasiyana kuchokera ku bulauni wonyezimira mpaka bulauni wakuda. Pamene bowa likukhwima, khungu la kapu likhoza kufota, kuwonetsa ma tubules ozungulira. Pores ndi tubules poyamba ndi yoyera, ndiye chikasu-imvi. Mamba pa tsinde amakhala imvi poyamba, kenako pafupifupi wakuda.
Palibe mapasa oopsa. Mwa kufotokoza. boletus ndi yofanana ndi bowa wa ndulu (Tylopilus felleus), yomwe ili ndi thupi la pinki, fungo losasangalatsa komanso kukoma kowawa kwambiri.
Njira zophikira: kuyanika, pickling, kumalongeza, kukazinga.
Zodyera, gulu la 2.
Zithunzi izi zikuwonetsa momwe bowa wamba wa boletus amawonekera:
Mtsinje wa Boletus
Pamene bowa wa madambo a boletus (Leccinum nucatum) amakula: kuyambira July mpaka kumapeto kwa September.
Malo okhala: paokha komanso m'magulu m'magulu a sphagnum bogs komanso m'nkhalango zonyowa zosakanizika zokhala ndi ma birch, pafupi ndi mabwalo amadzi.
Kapuyo ndi mainchesi 3-10, ndipo nthawi zina mpaka 14 cm, mu bowa achichepere amakhala owoneka bwino, owoneka ngati khushoni, kenako osalala, osalala kapena makwinya pang'ono. Chodziwika bwino chamtunduwu ndi mtedza kapena mtundu wofiirira wa kapu.
Tsinde lake ndi lopyapyala komanso lalitali, loyera kapena loyera-kirimu. Chinthu chachiwiri chodziwika bwino cha mitunduyi ndi miyeso ikuluikulu pa tsinde, makamaka mu zitsanzo zazing'ono, pamene pamwamba pakuwoneka movutikira kwambiri komanso ngakhale kuphulika.
Kutalika - 5-13 cm, nthawi zina kufika 18 cm, makulidwe - 1-2,5 cm.
Zamkati ndi zofewa, zoyera, wandiweyani, zimakhala ndi fungo la bowa pang'ono. The hymenophore ndi yoyera, imasanduka imvi pakapita nthawi.
Tubular wosanjikiza 1,2-2,5 masentimita wandiweyani, woyera mu zitsanzo zazing'ono ndi zonyansa zotuwa pambuyo pake, zokhala ndi machubu ozungulira.
Kusinthana: mtundu wa kapu umasiyana kuchokera ku hazel kupita ku bulauni. Tubules ndi pores - kuchokera oyera mpaka imvi. Mwendo woyera umadetsedwa ndi ukalamba, umakhala wokutidwa ndi mamba a bulauni-imvi.
Palibe mapasa oopsa. Kutengera mtundu wa kapu, bowa wa boletus ndi wofanana ndi bowa wosadya (Tylopilus felleus), momwe thupi lake limakhala ndi pinki komanso kukoma kowawa.
Zodyera, gulu la 2.
Apa mutha kuwona zithunzi za boletus, zomwe zafotokozedwa patsamba lino:
