Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 48 | Tsamba 1684 | 2.9% | 6% | 3508 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 11.1 ga | 76 ga | 14.6% | 30.4% | 685 ga |
| mafuta | 0.17 ga | 56 ga | 0.3% | 0.6% | 32941 ga |
| Zakudya | 1 ga | 219 ga | 0.5% | 1% | 21900 ga |
| Water | 87.3 ga | 2273 ga | 3.8% | 7.9% | 2604 ga |
| ash | 0.7 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.004 mg | 1.5 mg | 0.3% | 0.6% | 37500 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.61 mg | 1.8 mg | 33.9% | 70.6% | 295 ga |
| Vitamini B4, choline | 39 mg | 500 mg | 7.8% | 16.3% | 1282 ga |
| Vitamini B5, pantothenic | 0.24 mg | 5 mg | 4.8% | 10% | 2083 ga |
| Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.01 mg | 2 mg | 0.5% | 1% | 20000 ga |
| Vitamini B9, folate | Makilogalamu 1.1 | Makilogalamu 400 | 0.3% | 0.6% | 36364 ga |
| Vitamini B12, cobalamin | Makilogalamu 0.08 | Makilogalamu 3 | 2.7% | 5.6% | 3750 ga |
| Vitamini H, biotin | Makilogalamu 7 | Makilogalamu 50 | 14% | 29.2% | 714 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 3 mg | 20 mg | 15% | 31.3% | 667 ga |
| niacin | 0.2 mg | ~ | |||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 152 mg | 2500 mg | 6.1% | 12.7% | 1645 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 10 mg | 1000 mg | 1% | 2.1% | 10000 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 9 mg | 400 mg | 2.3% | 4.8% | 4444 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 189 mg | 1300 mg | 14.5% | 30.2% | 688 ga |
| Sulufule, S | 187 mg | 1000 mg | 18.7% | 39% | 535 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 27 mg | 800 mg | 3.4% | 7.1% | 2963 ga |
| Mankhwala, Cl | 172 mg | 2300 mg | 7.5% | 15.6% | 1337 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Iron, Faith | 0.15 mg | 18 mg | 0.8% | 1.7% | 12000 ga |
| Ayodini, ine | Makilogalamu 7 | Makilogalamu 150 | 4.7% | 9.8% | 2143 ga |
| Cobalt, Co. | Makilogalamu 1 | Makilogalamu 10 | 10% | 20.8% | 1000 ga |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.007 mg | 2 mg | 0.4% | 0.8% | 28571 ga |
| Mkuwa, Cu | Makilogalamu 52 | Makilogalamu 1000 | 5.2% | 10.8% | 1923 ga |
| Mzinda wa Molybdenum, Mo. | Makilogalamu 4 | Makilogalamu 70 | 5.7% | 11.9% | 1750 ga |
| Selenium, Ngati | Makilogalamu 20 | Makilogalamu 55 | 36.4% | 75.8% | 275 ga |
| Chrome, Kr | Makilogalamu 3 | Makilogalamu 50 | 6% | 12.5% | 1667 ga |
| Nthaka, Zn | 0.231 mg | 12 mg | 1.9% | 4% | 5195 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 1 ga | maulendo 100 г | |||
| Amino Acids Ofunika | |||||
| Arginine * | 0.62 ga | ~ | |||
| valine | 0.74 ga | ~ | |||
| Mbiri * | 0.25 ga | ~ | |||
| Isoleucine | 0.63 ga | ~ | |||
| nyalugwe | 0.92 ga | ~ | |||
| lysine | 0.68 ga | ~ | |||
| methionine | 0.41 ga | ~ | |||
| Methionine + cysteine | 0.69 ga | ~ | |||
| threonine | 0.48 ga | ~ | |||
| tryptophan | 0.17 ga | ~ | |||
| chithuvj | 0.67 ga | ~ | |||
| Phenylalanine + Tyrosine | 1.07 ga | ~ | |||
| Amino acid osinthika | |||||
| alanine | 0.69 ga | ~ | |||
| Aspartic asidi | 1.01 ga | ~ | |||
| glycine | 0.39 ga | ~ | |||
| Asidi a Glutamic | 1.51 ga | ~ | |||
| Mapuloteni | 0.4 ga | ~ | |||
| serine | 0.76 ga | ~ | |||
| tyrosin | 0.4 ga | ~ | |||
| Cysteine | 0.28 ga | ~ |
Mphamvu ndi 48 kcal.
- Chidutswa = 32 gr (15.4 kcal)
- C0 = 35 g (16.8 kcal)
- C1 = 30 g (14.4 kcal)
- C2 = 25 g (12 kcal)
- C3 = 19 g (9.1 kcal)
- vitamini B2 amatenga nawo mbali pazokonzanso za redox, imathandizira chidwi chamitundu ya chowunikira chowonera ndikusinthasintha kwamdima. Mavitamini B2 osakwanira amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya khungu, nembanemba yam'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa kuwala ndi kuwunika kwamadzulo.
- Vitamini H. nawo synthesis wa mafuta, glycogen, ndi kagayidwe wa amino zidulo. Kudya mavitamini osakwanira kumatha kubweretsa kusokonezeka kwa khungu.
- Vitamini PP amachita nawo zochita redox mphamvu kagayidwe. Kusakwanira kudya mavitamini kumatsagana ndi kusokonekera kwa khungu, m'mimba komanso m'mitsempha.
- Selenium - chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha chitetezo cha antioxidant cha thupi la munthu, chimakhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi, chimagwira nawo ntchito yokhudza mahomoni a chithokomiro. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a Kashin-Beck (osteoarthritis omwe ali ndi ziwalo zingapo, msana ndi mafupa), matenda a Keshan (opatsirana myocardiopathy), cholowa cha thrombastenia.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.