Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 284 | Tsamba 1684 | 16.9% | 6% | 593 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 3.4 ga | 76 ga | 4.5% | 1.6% | 2235 ga |
| mafuta | 1.4 ga | 56 ga | 2.5% | 0.9% | 4000 ga |
| Zakudya | 48.3 ga | 219 ga | 22.1% | 7.8% | 453 ga |
| zidulo zamagulu | 5 ga | ~ | |||
| CHIKWANGWANI chamagulu | 23.2 ga | 20 ga | 116% | 40.8% | 86 ga |
| Water | 14 ga | 2273 ga | 0.6% | 0.2% | 16236 ga |
| ash | 4.7 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini A, RE | Makilogalamu 817 | Makilogalamu 900 | 90.8% | 32% | 110 ga |
| beta carotenes | 4.9 mg | 5 mg | 98% | 34.5% | 102 ga |
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.07 mg | 1.5 mg | 4.7% | 1.7% | 2143 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.3 mg | 1.8 mg | 16.7% | 5.9% | 600 ga |
| Vitamini C, ascorbic | 1000 mg | 90 mg | 1111.1% | 391.2% | 9 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 3.8 mg | 15 mg | 25.3% | 8.9% | 395 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 1.4 mg | 20 mg | 7% | 2.5% | 1429 ga |
| niacin | 1.2 mg | ~ | |||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 50 mg | 2500 mg | 2% | 0.7% | 5000 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 60 mg | 1000 mg | 6% | 2.1% | 1667 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 17 mg | 400 mg | 4.3% | 1.5% | 2353 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 11 mg | 1300 mg | 0.8% | 0.3% | 11818 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 17 mg | 800 mg | 2.1% | 0.7% | 4706 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Iron, Faith | 3 mg | 18 mg | 16.7% | 5.9% | 600 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| Wowuma ndi dextrins | 6.2 ga | ~ | |||
| Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 42.1 ga | maulendo 100 г | |||
| Mafuta okhutira | |||||
| Mafuta okhutira | 0.2 ga | maulendo 18.7 г |
Mphamvu ndi 284 kcal.
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 20 g (56.8 kcal)
- Supuni ("pamwamba" kupatula zakudya zamadzimadzi) = 6 g (17 kcal)
- vitamini A imayambitsa chitukuko chabwinobwino, ntchito yobereka, khungu ndi maso, komanso kuteteza chitetezo chamthupi.
- B-carotene ndi provitamin A ndipo ali ndi zida za antioxidant. 6 mcg wa beta-carotene ndi wofanana ndi 1 mcg wa vitamini A.
- vitamini B2 amatenga nawo mbali pazokonzanso za redox, imathandizira chidwi chamitundu ya chowunikira chowonera ndikusinthasintha kwamdima. Mavitamini B2 osakwanira amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya khungu, nembanemba yam'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa kuwala ndi kuwunika kwamadzulo.
- vitamini C amatenga nawo mbali pakuchita redox, magwiridwe antchito amthupi, amalimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa chitsulo. Kulephera kumabweretsa kutuluka kwa magazi m'kamwa, kutuluka magazi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuperewera kwa magazi komanso kufooka kwa ma capillaries amwazi.
- vitamini E ali ndi zida za antioxidant, ndizofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa ma gonads, mtima waminyewa, ndikukhazikika kwazingwe zam'manja. Ndi kuchepa kwa vitamini E, hemolysis ya erythrocyte ndi matenda amitsempha amaonedwa.
- Iron ndi gawo la mapuloteni azinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza michere. Nawo nawo mayendedwe ma elekitironi, mpweya, zipangitsa njira ya redox zimachitikira ndi kutsegula kwa peroxidation. Kusakwanira kumwa kumabweretsa hypochromic magazi m'thupi, myoglobin-atony wopanda mafupa a mafupa, kuwonjezeka kutopa, myocardiopathy, atrophic gastritis.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.