Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 354 | Tsamba 1684 | 21% | 5.9% | 476 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 9.4 ga | 76 ga | 12.4% | 3.5% | 809 ga |
| mafuta | 3.3 ga | 56 ga | 5.9% | 1.7% | 1697 ga |
| Zakudya | 76.5 ga | 219 ga | 34.9% | 9.9% | 286 ga |
| CHIKWANGWANI chamagulu | 1.6 ga | 20 ga | 8% | 2.3% | 1250 ga |
| Water | 8 ga | 2273 ga | 0.4% | 0.1% | 28413 ga |
| ash | 1.2 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| beta carotenes | 0.1 mg | 5 mg | 2% | 0.6% | 5000 ga |
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.07 mg | 1.5 mg | 4.7% | 1.3% | 2143 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.09 mg | 1.8 mg | 5% | 1.4% | 2000 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 2.37 mg | 20 mg | 11.9% | 3.4% | 844 ga |
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 390 mg | 2500 mg | 15.6% | 4.4% | 641 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 61 mg | 1000 mg | 6.1% | 1.7% | 1639 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 139 mg | 400 mg | 34.8% | 9.8% | 288 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 36 mg | 1300 mg | 2.8% | 0.8% | 3611 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 403 mg | 800 mg | 50.4% | 14.2% | 199 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Iron, Faith | 5 mg | 18 mg | 27.8% | 7.9% | 360 ga |
| Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
| Wowuma ndi dextrins | 71 ga | ~ | |||
| Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 5.5 ga | maulendo 100 г |
Mphamvu ndi 354 kcal.
- Vitamini PP amachita nawo zochita redox mphamvu kagayidwe. Kusakwanira kudya mavitamini kumatsagana ndi kusokonekera kwa khungu, m'mimba komanso m'mitsempha.
- potaziyamu ndiye ion yama cell yayikulu yomwe imagwira nawo ntchito yoyang'anira madzi, asidi ndi ma elektrolyte, amatenga nawo mbali pazokhumba zamitsempha, malamulo opanikizika.
- mankhwala enaake a amatenga nawo gawo pamagetsi amagetsi, kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni, ma acid a nucleic, ali ndi mphamvu zolimba pakhungu, ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi calcium home, potaziyamu ndi sodium. Kuperewera kwa magnesium kumabweretsa hypomagnesemia, chiopsezo chowonjezeka chokhala ndi matenda oopsa, matenda amtima.
- Phosphorus amatenga nawo gawo pazinthu zambiri zakuthupi, kuphatikiza mphamvu yamagetsi, kuwongolera kuyamwa kwa asidi, ndi gawo la phospholipids, nucleotides ndi nucleic acid, ndikofunikira pakuchepetsa mafupa ndi mano. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a anorexia, kuchepa magazi, ziphuphu.
- Iron ndi gawo la mapuloteni azinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza michere. Nawo nawo mayendedwe ma elekitironi, mpweya, zipangitsa njira ya redox zimachitikira ndi kutsegula kwa peroxidation. Kusakwanira kumwa kumabweretsa hypochromic magazi m'thupi, myoglobin-atony wopanda mafupa a mafupa, kuwonjezeka kutopa, myocardiopathy, atrophic gastritis.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.