Cardiomegaly, kapena hypertrophy ya mtima, imatanthawuza kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa mtima. Nthawi zina cardiomegaly alibe zizindikiro. Kumbali ina, mtima ukalephera kugwira ntchito yake yopopa madzi, mtima umalephera kugwira ntchito. Cardiomegaly imatha kukula pazaka zilizonse, makamaka paunyamata komanso uchikulire. Kuzindikira kwake kumatengera pachifuwa x-ray ndi ultrasound ya mtima.

Tanthauzo la cardiomegaly

Cardiomegaly, kapena hypertrophy ya mtima, imatanthawuza kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa mtima. Sitiyenera kusokonezedwa ndi minofu yamtima, chifukwa chake imakhala yochuluka kwambiri, ya wothamanga wamba yomwe ili mbali inayo chizindikiro cha thanzi labwino.

Mitundu ya cardiomegaly

Pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cardiomegaly, timapeza:

• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CHM), cholowa ndi chibadwa chiyambi, kugwirizana ndi kukulitsa kwa mtima wonse chifukwa cha matenda a dongosolo la mtima selo;
• Kumanzere kwa ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), yodziwika ndi kukhuthala kwa minofu yakumanzere ya ventricular;
• Peripartum cardiomyopathy, kawirikawiri, yomwe imapezeka kumapeto kwa mimba kapena miyezi yotsatira yobereka.

Zifukwa za cardiomegaly

Zifukwa za cardiomegaly ndizosiyana:

• Kuwonongeka kwa ma valve;
• Kusowa kwa ulimi wothirira;
• Matenda a mtima kapena maselo a mtima;
• Kukhalapo kwa cholepheretsa kutulutsa magazi kuchokera kumtima - kuthamanga kwa magazi, kutsekeka kwa valve ya aortic;
• Pericardial effusions, chifukwa cha kudzikundikira madzimadzi mu envelopu ya mtima.

Kuzindikira kwa cardiomegaly

Kuzindikira kumachitika makamaka pachifuwa cha x-ray ndi ultrasound ya mtima (echocardiography), njira yojambula yachipatala yomwe imakulolani kuti muwone momwe mtima wanu ulili.

Mayeso owonjezera atha kuchitidwa:

• Echocardiogram, pogwiritsa ntchito mafunde omveka (ultrasound) kuti apange chithunzi cha mtima, amakulolani kuti muwone mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ndi kayendetsedwe ka ma valve, komanso kuchuluka kwa zipinda za mtima;
• Electrocardiogram (ECG / EKG) imalola kujambula zochitika zamagetsi pamtima wamoyo;
• Kujambula kwa maginito (MRI).

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ili ndi chibadwa. Choncho, dokotala akhoza kulangiza:

• Kuyesa kwa chibadwa cha maselo ndi zitsanzo za magazi;
• Kuwunika kwabanja.

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a cardiomegaly

Cardiomegaly imatha kukula pazaka zilizonse, makamaka paunyamata komanso uchikulire. Kuonjezera apo, mmodzi kapena awiri mwa anthu zikwizikwi amabadwa ndi hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CHM).

Zinthu zomwe zimathandizira cardiomegaly

Zomwe zimayambitsa cardiomegaly ndi:

• Matenda a mtima obadwa nawo kapena obadwa nawo;
• Viral matenda a mtima;
• Matenda a shuga;
• Kusowa magazi;
• Hemochromatosis, chibadwa matenda chifukwa kwambiri m`mimba mayamwidwe chitsulo chifukwa mafunsidwe a zinthu izi mu ziwalo zosiyanasiyana monga chiwindi, mtima ndi khungu;
• Arrhythmia;
• Amyloidosis, matenda osowa omwe amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mapuloteni osasungunuka m'matumbo;
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• Matenda a chithokomiro;
• Mimba;
• Kunenepa kwambiri;
• Kusagwira ntchito kwathupi ;
• Kupsyinjika kwakukulu;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Palibe zizindikiro

Nthawi zina cardiomegaly ilibe zizindikiro mpaka vuto likukulirakulira. Zizindikiro zimayamba pamene mtima sungathenso kugwira ntchito yake yopopa madzi.

Kulephera kwa mtima

Cardiomegaly imayambitsa kulephera kwa mtima komwe nthawi zambiri kumawonetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe a kutupa kwa miyendo yapansi - edema - ndi kupuma movutikira.

Imfa mwadzidzidzi

Cardiomegaly imawonjezera chiopsezo cha kufa mwadzidzidzi kwa wothamanga panthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zina

• Ululu pachifuwa;
• Kugunda kwa mtima: kugunda kwa mtima mwachangu kapena kosakhazikika;
• Chizungulire;
• Kutayika kwa chidziwitso;
• Kutopa koyambirira chifukwa chochita masewera olimbitsa thupi;
• Ndi zina zambiri

Chithandizo cha cardiomegaly ndi chomwe chimayambitsa ndipo chidzasinthidwa ndi dokotala malinga ndi zomwe zapezeka.

Malingana ndi kuopsa kwa zovutazo, chithandizocho chingakhale mankhwala, kulola kupopa kwa mtima bwino kapena kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena opaleshoni pamene zoopsa zili zazikulu. Kuyika kwa cardioverting defibrillator (ICD) - chipangizo chokhazikitsidwa kuti chiteteze kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika - choyikapo chingaganizidwe makamaka.

Njira zina zodzitetezera zimachepetsa chiopsezo chokhudzana ndi cardiomegaly:

• Dziwani za cardiomegaly pakachitika masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri;
• Musasute ;
• Yesetsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse;
• Dziwani ndikuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi;
• Sankhani zakudya zopatsa thanzi zomwe zili ndi mafuta ochepa, makamaka odzaza ndi mafuta ochulukirapo;
• Khalani ndi thanzi labwino;
• Lamulirani matenda anu a shuga;
• Chepetsani kumwa mowa;
• Sungani nkhawa.