Urticaria yaubwana: zizindikiro, zoyambitsa ndi chithandizo
Urticaria imakhudza mwana mmodzi mwa khumi. Chomwe chimayambitsa zotupa mwadzidzidzi izi ndi matenda a virus, koma palinso zoyambitsa ming'oma mwa ana.
Kodi urticaria ndi chiyani?
Urticaria ndizochitika mwadzidzidzi za ziphuphu zazing'ono zofiira kapena zapinki zomwe zimatuluka m'zigamba, zomwe zimafanana ndi kulumidwa kwa nettle. Ndi kuyabwa ndipo nthawi zambiri imawonekera pamikono, miyendo ndi thunthu. Ming'oma nthawi zina imayambitsa kutupa kapena edema ya nkhope ndi malekezero.
Kusiyanitsa kumapangidwa pakati pa acute urticaria ndi urticaria yosatha. Urticaria pachimake kapena chapamtunda imadziwika ndi kuoneka mwadzidzidzi wofiira papules kuti kuyabwa ndiyeno kutha mu mphindi zochepa kapena maola (masiku ochepa pazipita) popanda kusiya chilonda. Mu urticaria yosatha kapena yakuya, zotupazo zimapitilira milungu isanu ndi umodzi.
Pakati pa 3,5 ndi 8% ya ana ndi 16 mpaka 24% ya achinyamata amakhudzidwa ndi urticaria.
Kodi zimayambitsa urticaria mwa ana?
M'mwana
Chomwe chimayambitsa ming'oma mwa makanda ndi kusagwirizana ndi zakudya, makamaka mkaka wa ng'ombe wosagwirizana ndi mapuloteni.
Mwa ana
mavairasi
Kwa ana, matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi ndi kumwa mankhwala ena ndizo zimayambitsa ming'oma.
Mavairasi omwe nthawi zambiri amachititsa urticaria mwa ana ndi kachilombo ka fuluwenza (yomwe imayambitsa fuluwenza), adenovirus (matenda opumira), enterovirus (herpangina, aseptic meningitis, phazi, dzanja ndi pakamwa matenda), EBV (yomwe ili ndi mononucleosis) ndi coronaviruses. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, mavairasi omwe amachititsa matenda a chiwindi angayambitse urticaria (mu gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a matenda a hepatitis B).
Mankhwala
Mankhwala omwe angayambitse urticaria mwa ana ndi maantibayotiki ena, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), paracetamol kapena codeine-based drugs.
Chifuwa cha zakudya
Mu urticaria chifukwa cha ziwengo chakudya, ndi udindo zakudya zambiri mkaka wa ng'ombe (pasanafike 6 months), mazira, mtedza ndi mtedza, nsomba ndi nkhono, zosowa zipatso ndi zina chakudya.
Kuluma kwa tizilombo
Urticaria mwa ana imathanso kuwonekera pambuyo pa kulumidwa ndi tizilombo, kuphatikizapo mavu, njuchi, nyerere, ndi mavu. Nthawi zambiri, urticaria imachokera ku parasitic (m'malo omwe amapezeka).
Kutentha
Pomaliza, khungu lozizira komanso lovuta kungayambitse ming'oma mwa ana ena.
Matenda
Nthawi zambiri, matenda a autoimmune, kutupa kapena systemic nthawi zina amayambitsa ming'oma mwa ana.
Kodi mankhwalawa ndi ati?
Chithandizo cha pachimake urticaria
Acute urticaria ndi yochititsa chidwi koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yofatsa. Matupi awo sagwirizana nawo amatha zokha mkati mwa maola ochepa mpaka maola 24. Zokhudzana ndi matenda a virus zimatha masiku angapo, ngakhale milungu ingapo chifukwa cha matenda a parasitic. Ngati ming'oma ipitirira maola 24, antihistamine iyenera kuperekedwa kwa mwana kwa masiku khumi (mpaka ming'oma itachoka). Desloratadine ndi levocetirizine ndi mamolekyu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mwa ana.
Ngati mwanayo ali ndi angioedema kapena anaphylaxis (kuchuluka kwa thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi kupuma, kugaya chakudya ndi kutupa kwa nkhope), chithandizo chimakhala ndi jakisoni wadzidzidzi wa epinephrine. Dziwani kuti ana omwe adakumanapo ndi gawo loyamba la kugwedezeka kwa anaphylactic ayenera nthawi zonse kunyamula chipangizo ndi iwo kulola kudzibaya jekeseni wa adrenaline ngati kubwerezanso. Mwamwayi, magawo awiri mwa atatu a ana omwe akhala ndi gawo la ming'oma sadzakhalanso ndi gawo lina.
Chithandizo cha urticaria yosatha komanso / kapena yobwereza
Matenda a urticaria amatha mwadzidzidzi nthawi zambiri pakatha miyezi 16. Zaka (zaka zoposa 8) ndi kugonana kwachikazi ndizinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti urticaria ikhale yabwino.
Chithandizo chimachokera ku antihistamines. Ngati urticaria ikadali yogwirizana ndi matenda a virus kapena kumwa mankhwala, antihistamine iyenera kutengedwa ndi mwana pamavuto. Ngati urticaria ya tsiku ndi tsiku ilibe chifukwa chodziwika, antihistamine iyenera kutengedwa kwa nthawi yaitali (miyezi ingapo, kubwereza ngati urticaria ikupitirira). Antihistamines amathandiza kuthetsa kuyabwa.