Mawu akuti "collagenosis" magulu pamodzi ya matenda autoimmune yodziwika ndi yotupa ndi immunological kuwonongeka kwa connective minofu, hyperactivity wa chitetezo cha m`thupi, predominance akazi, kugwirizana ndi antinuclear akupha ndi kufalikira kwa zotupa. Minofu yolumikizana imakhalapo m'thupi lonse, ziwalo zonse zimatha kukhudzidwa mwanjira ina kapena yocheperako, chifukwa chake kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu kwazizindikiro zomwe zingabwere chifukwa cha collagenosis. Cholinga cha kasamalidwe kawo ndikuwongolera zochitika za matenda ndikuzichepetsa mpaka pamlingo wotsika kwambiri.

Ma Collagenoses, omwe amatchedwanso connectivitis kapena matenda a systemic, amaphatikiza matenda osowa kwambiri obwera chifukwa cha autoimmune, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mapangidwe achilendo a collagen mu minyewa yodzaza ndi ma intercellular matrix, omwe ndi minyewa yolumikizana.

Collagen ndiye mapuloteni ochuluka kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Zimapangitsa kuti ziwalo zathu ndi thupi lathu likhale lokhazikika popanda kukhala lolimba kwambiri, pamene limakhala losinthasintha mokwanira. Zosungidwa ndi ma cell olumikizana, collagen imalumikizana ndi mamolekyu ena ambiri kuti apange ulusi ndikupanga minyewa yamtundu wokhala ndi zinthu zothandizira komanso zosatambasula.

Ambiri mwa amayi, ma collagenases amatha kufikira ziwalo zonse (m'mimba, minofu, mafupa, mtima, dongosolo lamanjenje). Ichi ndichifukwa chake mawonetseredwe ake ndi ochuluka monga chiwerengero cha ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa. Ubwino wa moyo nthawi zina umakhudzidwa kwambiri. Zotsatira za matendawa zimadalira makamaka kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zofunika kwambiri.

Kolajeni yodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Collagenosis imaphatikizapo matenda otsatirawa:

• nyamakazi;
• oculourethro-synovial syndrome (OUS);
• spondyloarthropathies (makamaka ankylosing spondylitis);
• Matenda a Horton;
• Granulomatose wa Wegener;
• rhizomelic pseudo-polyarthritis;
• scleroderma;
• matenda osokoneza bongo kapena Sharp syndrome;
• microangiopathie thrombotique;
• periarteritis nodosa;
• Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome;
• dermatomyositis;
• dermatopolymyositis;
• Matenda a Behçet;
• sarcoïdose;
• histiocytosis;
• Akadali maladie;
• matenda nthawi ndi nthawi;
• kuchuluka kwa matenda ndi matenda ena a metabolic;
• matenda a chiwindi aakulu;
• matenda zotanuka minofu;
• kobadwa nako kapena anapeza matenda a seramu wothandizira;
• scleroderma;
• Matenda a Churg-Strauss;
• systemic vasculitis, etc.

Iwo sanadziwikebe. Pali mwina matenda a chitetezo cha m`thupi, monga umboni magazi a odwala, kukhalapo kwa akupha matenda, otchedwa autoantibodies kapena antinuclear akupha, molunjika pa okha zigawo za maselo a thupi. Ma antigen ena a histocompatibility system (HLA) amapezeka mosavuta pamatenda ena, kapena m'mabanja ena omwe amakhudzidwa pafupipafupi, zomwe zikuwonetsa kupititsa patsogolo gawo la chibadwa.

Minofu yolumikizana imakhalapo m'thupi lonse, ziwalo zonse zimatha kukhudzidwa mwanjira ina kapena yocheperako, chifukwa chake pali mitundu yambiri yazizindikiro zomwe zimatha chifukwa cha kuukira:

• fotokozani;
• khungu;
• mtima;
• m'mapapo;
• kwa chiwindi;
• aimpso;
• chapakati kapena zotumphukira mitsempha;
• mitsempha;
• kugaya chakudya.

Kusinthika kwa collagenosis nthawi zambiri kumatenga mawonekedwe a kubwereranso komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi matenda otupa ndipo kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri payekhapayekha. Zizindikiro zosadziwika bwino zimawonekera mosiyanasiyana:

• kutentha thupi (kutentha thupi);
• kuchepetsa;
• kutopa kosatha;
• kuchepa kwa ntchito;
• zovuta kulingalira;
• kudziwa dzuwa ndi kuwala;
• alopecia;
• kudziwa kuzizira;
• kuuma kwa mphuno / mkamwa / kumaliseche;
• zotupa pakhungu ;
• kuchepa thupi;
• kupweteka pamodzi;
• kupweteka kwa minofu (myalgia) ndi mafupa (arthralgia).

Nthawi zina odwala alibe zizindikiro zina koma ululu m`malo olumikizirana mafupa ndi kutopa. Kenako timalankhula za unifferentiated connectivitis. Nthawi zina zizindikiro za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda okhudzana ndi minofu zimawonekera. Izi zimatchedwa overlap syndrome.

Chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zingapo, ndikofunikira kuti maphunziro osiyanasiyana azachipatala agwirizane. The matenda zachokera mbiri, ndiko kunena mbiri ya munthu wodwala, ndi matenda kuyezetsa, kuyang'ana zizindikiro kawirikawiri anakumana chimodzi kapena zingapo za matenda.

Popeza ma collagenase amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa ma anti-anuclear antibody, kuyezetsa ma autoantibodies awa m'magazi ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuzindikira matenda. Komabe, kupezeka kwa ma autoantibodies awa sikufanana nthawi zonse ndi collagenase. Nthawi zina pamafunikanso kutenga chitsanzo cha minofu kapena biopsy. Kutumiza kwa katswiri kumalimbikitsidwa kuti atsimikizire matendawa ndikuyamba chithandizo choyenera.

Cholinga cha kuyang'anira collagenosis ndikuwongolera zochitika za matenda ndikuzichepetsa mpaka pamlingo wotsika kwambiri. Mankhwalawa amasinthidwa molingana ndi mtundu wa collagenosis wopezeka komanso malinga ndi ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa. Corticosteroids (cortisone) ndi analgesics nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mzere woyamba kuyimitsa kuyambiranso komanso kukhazika mtima pansi mawonetseredwe opweteka. Kuwonjezera kwa immunosuppressant, pakamwa kapena jekeseni, kungakhale kofunikira. Kusamalira kungaphatikizepo jakisoni wa mtsempha wa ma immunoglobulins kapena njira zoyeretsera plasma (plasmapheresis) m'malo achipatala. Odwala ena, monga omwe ali ndi lupus, angapindulenso ndi chithandizo cha malungo.