Wojambula wamba: kufotokozera, malo okhala, buku lofiira

Sculpin ndi ya mitundu ya nsomba za m'madzi opanda mchere, choncho imapezeka m'mitsinje ndi m'nyanja yomwe ili ndi madzi abwino komanso abwino omwe ali ndi mpweya wabwino. Kuonjezera apo, nsombayi imapezeka m'mitsinje yaing'ono, yodziwika ndi miyala kapena miyala pansi. Maonekedwe, chojambulacho ndi chofanana ndi goby, koma nthawi yomweyo chimakhala chaching'ono.

Zambiri za nsomba

Nsomba yaing'ono imeneyi imatchedwanso sculpin goby. Nsomba yapaderayi ndi yamtundu wa nsomba za ray-finned, zomwe zimayimira banja la gulaye. Chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake, bullhead imasokonezeka ndi goby wamba, ngakhale kuti ndi nsomba zosiyana kwambiri.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, tisaiwale kuti pali subspecies angapo sculpins, monga:

• Spotted stalker.
• Mtsinje wa Siberia.
• Sandy broadhead.
• Woyang'anira Chersky.
• Sakhalin stalker.
• Amur sculpin.
• Slimy stalker.

Nsomba iyi imakula pang'onopang'ono, kufika kutalika kwa 3 centimita pambuyo pa zaka 5 za moyo, ndi kulemera kwa magalamu angapo. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi pafupifupi zaka 10.

Maonekedwe

Itha kukula mpaka 20 cm. Ili ndi mutu waukulu, womwe ndi wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa thupi lenilenilo. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi kamwa lalikulu ndi milomo yayikulu, komanso maso akulu, okhala ndi utoto wofiira. Palibe mamba pathupi, koma ang'onoang'ono, koma ma spikes akuthwa amayikidwa thupi lonse kuti ateteze adani. Pankhani imeneyi, ndi adani ochepa chabe amene angayerekeze kudya nyama zolusa ngati zimenezi.

Ili ndi zipsepse zazitali za pachifuwa zophimbidwa ndi mawanga ang'onoang'ono akuda. M'dera la gill pali zishango zoteteza zophimbidwa ndi misana yofanana ya prickly. Kumbuyo kwa bullhead ndi utoto wotuwa-chikasu ndi mawanga abulauni ndi mikwingwirima. Izi zimathandiza kuti nsombazo zikhalebe zosazindikirika kumbuyo kwa miyala, yomwe ndi chitetezo chogwira ntchito kwa adani ake achilengedwe.

Habitat

Nsomba yaing'ono imeneyi imakhala m'madzi abwino a ku Ulaya, Asia ndi North America, omwe ali pamtunda wa mamita angapo pamwamba pa nyanja. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, malo okhawo omwe ali ndi madzi oyera komanso mpweya wambiri wa okosijeni ndi omwe ali oyenerera kukhala ndi sculpin. Ndiwoyenera kumadera omwe ali ndi miyala pansi, pomwe amabisala bwino chifukwa cha mtundu wake wapadera.

moyo

Nsomba yaing'ono imeneyi imapezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja, komwe kumakhala madzi abwino. Atha kukhala m'mitsinje yaing'ono, yokhala ndi miyala pansi. Amatsogolera, monga lamulo, moyo wodzipatula. Imakonda kumamatira kumalo okhazikika, osasuntha mtunda wautali.

Masana, imabisala pakati pa oyika miyala, yomwe idalandira dzina lake ngati chosema. Kukada, nsombazo zimachoka pamalo ake n’kupita kukasaka chakudya. Ndikosatheka kuzindikira nsomba m'madzi, chifukwa ili ndi mtundu wofananira, kuphatikiza ndi mtundu wapansi. Nsomba iyi imawonedwa ngati yaulesi, chifukwa imasambira pang'ono, imakhala yosasunthika. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, pamene ali pangozi, amatha kusuntha mwamsanga, ngakhale kuti si patali, mpaka kumalire a malo ogona apafupi. Sculpin imaphatikizidwa muzakudya za trout.

Nthawi zambiri, m'malo osungiramo, nsomba iyi imatha kupezeka m'malo otsetsereka, m'malo osaya. Panthawi yobereketsa, imateteza kwambiri malo ake okhala ndi ana.

Kubalana

Kwinakwake m'chaka cha 4 kapena 5 cha moyo, wojambula zithunzi akhoza kale kubereka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, akazi ndi ochepa kwambiri kuposa amuna, zomwe zimabweretsa mpikisano waukulu pakati pa amuna.

Kutengera mtundu wa dziwe komanso malo ake, nthawi yoberekera imachitika kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena koyambirira kwa Meyi.

Isanayambe kuswana, yaimuna iliyonse imakonzekera malo mwa kukumba kabowo kakang’ono kuti yaikazi ayiikiremo mazira. Monga lamulo, nthawi imeneyi mukhoza kuona "ndewu" zonse pakati pa amuna, onse kwa gawo ndi akazi.

Nthawi ina, yaikazi imayikira mazira osaposa mazana atatu. Nthawi yomweyo, mazirawa amasiyanitsidwa ndi utoto wachikasu-pinki komanso kukula kwake kwakukulu.

Panthawi yoberekera, mkazi amatha kupanga zingwe zingapo, m'maenje okonzeka a amuna osiyanasiyana, pambuyo pake, amuna amateteza mwamphamvu clutch mpaka mwachangu. Pambuyo pa masabata 3-4, mwachangu amatha kuwoneka, ngakhale zambiri zimatengera kutentha. Yaikazi imaikira mazira pansi pa mwala, n’kumamatirapo. Pambuyo pake, mwamuna amawasamalira, kuchotsa fumbi, dothi ndi zinyalala, kumawakupiza ndi zipsepse zake mosalekeza.

Kodi wotsatira amadya chiyani

Zakudya za nsombayi ndizosiyana kwambiri, choncho zimakonda:

• Mphutsi zachikumbu.
• Caviar wa nsomba zina.
• Frog caviar.
• Tadpoles.
• Mwachangu nsomba zina.
• Mphutsi za Dragonfly.

Mtsinje wa sculpin amakonda mwachangu nsomba monga minnow, trout kapena stickleback. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imatengedwa kuti ndi mlenje wabwino kwambiri komanso wanzeru. Isanagwire nyama, nsomba imeneyi imabisalanso. Amamira pansi ndikukweza matope, omwe amagwera pachojambula ndikuchiphimba. Ikazindikira nyama yomwe ingagwire, imaithamangira ndi kuimeza nthawi yomweyo.

Kufunika kwachuma kwa nsomba

Anthu samadya sculpin wamba, chifukwa nsomba ndi yaying'ono, ndipo nyama yake si yokoma. Koma m'chilengedwe, sculpin wamba amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazakudya za nsomba zolusa monga:

• Pike.
• Nsomba.
• Nalim.
• Yankho.

Kuonjezera apo, nyama zina zimadya nsombazi, monga otters, mink, mergansers ndi dippers.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, sculpin ndi yofala kumpoto kwa Russia.

Mkhalidwe wapadera wa sculpin wamba

Nsomba zamtunduwu, zomwe zimakonda madzi oyera okhala ndi mpweya wambiri, sizigwirizana ndi kutentha ndi kuipitsidwa kwa madzi. Chifukwa chakuti mitsinje imaipitsidwa kwambiri, chiwerengero cha sculpin chikuchepanso. Poganizira kuti nsomba imeneyi imakhala ndi gawo lalikulu pazakudya za mitundu yambiri ya nsomba, munthu angangoganizira mmene kutha kwa nsombazi kungakhalire koopsa.

Kutentha kozungulira kukakwera, sculpin amachoka kapena kutha kuchokera m'madamu ambiri. Chiwerengero cha nsomba yapaderayi imabwezeretsedwa pang'onopang'ono, pazaka zingapo. Pachifukwa ichi, nsomba iyi yalembedwa mu Red Book of Russia ndipo imatchulidwa ngati mitundu yosowa ya nsomba.

Ngakhale pali zowona, nthawi zina amateur anglers amagwira nsomba iyi. Chifukwa cha mtundu wake wodabwitsa, sculpin wamba ndizovuta kuwona kumbuyo kwa pansi. Akhoza kutchedwa mbuye wodzibisa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapulumutsa moyo wake. Koma chifukwa chakuti malo osungiramo madzi amakhala oipitsidwa nthawi zonse, ndipo kutentha kwa madzi kumakwera pamwamba pa chizolowezi, sculpin nthawi zonse amachoka m'madzi ambiri.