Le cortisol ndi mahomoni a steroid zopangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta ndipo amapangidwa ndi glands pamwamba pa impso (the adrenal kotekisi). Kutulutsa kwake kumadalira mahomoni ena, ACTH opangidwa ndi pituitary gland mu ubongo (ACTH for adrenocorticotropin).

Cortisol imagwira ntchito zingapo mthupi, kuphatikiza:

• Kagayidwe kazakudya zama carbohydrate, lipids ndi mapuloteni: imathandizira kuwongolera shuga m'magazi powonjezera kaphatikizidwe ka shuga ndi chiwindi (gluconeogenesis), komanso imathandizira kutulutsidwa kwa lipids ndi mapuloteni m'matenda ambiri.

• Ali ndi anti-inflammatory reaction

• Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi

• Ku kukula kwa mafupa

• Kuyankha kupsinjika: Cortisol nthawi zambiri imatchedwa hormone ya nkhawa. Ntchito yake ndi kuthandiza thupi kupirira, mwa kulimbikitsa mphamvu zofunika kudyetsa minofu, ubongo komanso mtima.

Dziwani kuti mulingo wa cortisol umasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nthawi ya usana ndi usiku: imakhala yokwera kwambiri m'mawa ndipo imachepa tsiku lonse kuti ifike pamunsi kwambiri madzulo.

Dokotala amalamula kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa cortisol m'magazi kuti awone kuwonongeka kwa adrenal glands kapena pituitary gland. Cortisol ndi ACTH nthawi zambiri amayezedwa nthawi imodzi.

Mayesowa ali ndi a kuyesa magazi, zomwe zimachitika m'mawa pakati pa 7am ndi 9 am Apa ndi pamene milingo ya cortisol imakhala yapamwamba komanso yokhazikika. Ogwira ntchito zachipatala omwe amayang'anira kuyezetsa adzatulutsa magazi a venous, nthawi zambiri kuchokera m'chigongono.

Popeza milingo ya cortisol imasinthasintha tsiku lonse, kuyesako kumatha kuchitika kangapo kuti mupeze chithunzi cholondola cha pafupifupi cortisol.

Mulingo wa cortisol ungathenso kuyezedwa mumkodzo (kuyezetsa kwa mkodzo wopanda cortisol, makamaka kothandiza pozindikira hypersecretion ya cortisol). Kuti muchite izi, mkodzo uyenera kusonkhanitsidwa mu chidebe choperekedwa kwa izi kwa maola 24.

Tikukufotokozerani ndondomekoyi, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kutolera mkodzo wonse watsiku (pousunga pamalo ozizira).

Musanayezedwe (mwazi kapena mkodzo), tikulimbikitsidwa kupewa zovuta zilizonse kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Dokotala angafunsenso kuti asiye mankhwala ena omwe angasokoneze mlingo wa cortisol (estrogen, androgens, etc.).

M'magazi, mtengo wabwinobwino wa cortisol woyesedwa pakati pa 7 am ndi 9 am uli pakati pa 5 ndi 23 μg / dl (micrograms pa deciliter).

Mumkodzo, mulingo wa cortisol womwe umapezeka nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 10 ndi 100 μg / 24h (micrograms pa maola 24).

Kuchuluka kwa cortisol kumatha kukhala chizindikiro cha:

• Cushing's syndrome (kuthamanga kwa magazi, kunenepa kwambiri, hyperglycemia, etc.).

• chotupa choipa kapena choopsa cha adrenal gland

• pachimake matenda

• kapsular stroke, myocardial infarction

• kapena matenda a chiwindi, kapena kuledzera kosatha

M'malo mwake, mulingo wochepa wa cortisol ukhoza kukhala wofanana ndi:

• adrenal kusowa

• matenda a Addison

• kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa pituitary kapena hypothalamus

• kapena kukhala chotsatira cha chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali cha corticosteroid

Ndi dokotala yekha amene angathe kutanthauzira zotsatira ndikukupatsani matenda (mayesero owonjezera nthawi zina amafunika).