Juniper yokwawa

Zachidziwikire, simungathamangire opanda nsapato paudzu wotero, simudzawotcha ndi dzuwa, koma ngati dambo lobiriwira likufunika pazokongoletsa, njira yabwino ndikubzala ndi milombwa yokwawa. Safuna kuti achoke, amakongoletsa m'nyengo yozizira komanso m'chilimwe. Koma chomwe chili chosangalatsa kwambiri, mu gulu ili la conifers pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu ndi mitundu, kotero kuti zomwe zili mdziko muno zisapangidwe kukhala zowoneka bwino, koma zowala komanso zowoneka bwino. Mwachitsanzo, mumayendedwe apamwamba patchwork (patchwork).

Kawirikawiri, zonse zimadalira malingaliro anu. Tingonena kuti ndi mitsinje iti yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazifukwa izi. Zonsezi ndi zazifupi ndipo zimakula bwino.

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya juniper zokwawa

Pali mitundu ina ya juniper yokhala ndi zokwawa, koma mitundu 4 imagulitsidwa m'minda yamaluwa.

Juniperus vulgaris

Munthu wokongola uyu amapezeka m'nkhalango za ku Siberia ndi nkhalango za ku Ulaya. Kumeneko, juniper wamba ndi mtengo wa 5-10 m kutalika. Komabe, mtundu uwu uli ndi mawonekedwe ndi mitundu yomwe sipitilira 30 cm kutalika. Onsewo ndi odzichepetsa kwambiri ndipo amatha kukula pafupifupi zilizonse (1).

Green Carpet. Mitundu yaying'ono yokhala ndi kutalika kwa 10 cm. Nthawi yomweyo, imafika 1,5 m m'mimba mwake. Singano zake ndi zobiriwira mopepuka, zofewa, zopanda minga.

Imakula bwino padzuwa komanso pamthunzi pang'ono. Amachita popanda kuthirira. Amamera pa dothi lililonse. Imapirira mosavuta chisanu mpaka -40 ° C.

Mwa njira, iyi ndiye mitundu yodziwika bwino ya juniper wamba, mutha kuipeza pafupifupi m'munda uliwonse.

Repanda (Repanda). Zokwawa zazing'ono, zozungulira komanso zosalala, zosapitirira 30 cm, mpaka 1,5 m mulifupi. Singano ndi zofewa, osati prickly. Mitundu yolimba kwambiri. Kuthirira sikufunika. Sachita amaundana m'nyengo yozizira.

M'malo am'minda, amapezeka nthawi zambiri ngati mitundu ya Green Carpet. Ndipo mwa njira, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati m'malo mwa udzu, komanso padenga lobiriwira.

Spotty Spreader (Wofalitsa mawanga). Zokwawa zimakhala mpaka 20 cm kutalika ndi 2 m m'mimba mwake. Singano ndi zofewa, zobiriwira, ndi chipwirikiti woyera mawanga. Mitundu yokonda kuwala. Dothi lililonse ndiloyenera. Kuthirira sikufunika. Nthawi yozizira kwambiri.

Chitsamba cha juniper

Mitundu iyi idabwera kuminda yathu kuchokera kumapiri aku China - komweko imakula mpaka 1,5 m kutalika. Masiku ano pali mitundu yambiri yosangalatsa, koma yonse ndi yayitali. Ndipo imodzi yokha ndiyo yoyenera pa kapinga.

Blue Carpet (Blue Carpet). Imakula ngati chitsamba chathyathyathya 30 cm kutalika ndi 1,2 - 1,5 m mwake. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamilala yabwino kwambiri ya buluu! Koma ndi prickly kwambiri, choncho ndi bwino kuti iye atenge malo pa kapinga kutali njira.

Wodzichepetsa kwambiri m'munda. Amamera pa dothi lililonse. Mofananamo amakhala padzuwa ndi mumthunzi pang'ono. Oyenera kumera padenga. Kumazizira bwino panjira yapakati, koma kumadera a kumpoto (St. Petersburg ndi pamwamba) nthawi zina kumaundana. Imakula pang'onopang'ono.

Juniper juniper

Kale kuchokera ku dzina zikuwonekeratu kuti chomerachi chimakonda kugwedezeka pansi. Komabe, kwawo, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Atlantic ku America, amakula mpaka 1 m.

Koma tsopano mungapeze pa malonda chiwerengero chachikulu cha mafomu osapitirira 30 cm. Zomwe mukufunikira kuti mukhale ndi kapinga wobiriwira!

Blue Chip (Chip Chip). Duwa limakula mpaka 30 cm kutalika ndi mainchesi mpaka 1,2 m. Singano ndi buluu, wandiweyani komanso prickly kwambiri, choncho ndi bwino kubzala udzu wotero kutali njira. Imakula pang'onopang'ono. Photophilous, undemanding kwa nthaka. Imalekerera bwino chisanu choopsa. Koma sakonda chinyezi ndi salinity. Mukabzala, muyenera kupanga ngalande yabwino.

Ice Blue (Icee Blue). Chomeracho sichiposa 15 cm wamtali, koma chili ndi nthambi zazitali kwambiri zomwe zimapanga kapeti wokongola wobiriwira wobiriwira wokhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 2,5 m! Ndi chilimwe. Ndipo m'nyengo yozizira, singano zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira-plum.

Mitengo ya juniper iyi imagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi kutentha ndi chilala, imapirira mosavuta kuikidwa m'manda, ndikusintha modabwitsa kumalo atsopano. Koma palinso ma whims ang'onoang'ono: amakonda dothi lotayirira (amakula bwino pa dothi lolemera), kuwala ndi chinyezi.

Prince of Wales (Kalonga waku Wales). Shrub 30 cm kutalika ndi 2,5 m m'mimba mwake. Singano zimakhala zabuluu m'chilimwe, ndipo zimakhala zofiira m'nyengo yozizira. Imakula pang'onopang'ono. Imakonda dzuwa lathunthu koma imatha kulekerera mthunzi. Imakonda dothi lonyowa lotayirira. Morozov alibe mantha.

Chimodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri.

Werame (Rostrata). Kutalika kwa juniper sikupitirira 30 cm, koma kutalika kwa mphukira ndi kochititsa chidwi - amatambasula pansi mpaka mamita 4! Kotero kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi mumapeza bwino.

Mitundu yolimba kwambiri.

The Wiltons (Wiltonii). Mwina mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa mlombwa wopingasa. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 10 okha. Ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi chiyani - palibe amene anganene motsimikiza, chifukwa izi zimakula pang'onopang'ono! Pachifukwa ichi, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala m'magulu akuluakulu.

Wodzichepetsa kwambiri m'minda. Koma amakonda dzuwa.

Juniper, Chinese

Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa juniper. Amakondedwa padziko lonse lapansi, obereketsa atulutsa mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana, koma imodzi yokha ndi yoyenera ngati udzu.

pfitzeriana compacta (Рfitzeriana compacta). Tchire za juniper uyu ndi zosquat, pafupifupi 30 cm kutalika ndi 1,8 m m'mimba mwake. Singanozo ndi zofewa, zobiriwira zowala. Imakula mofulumira kuposa milombwa ina yonse. Komanso alibe nthambi zamphamvu, choncho amaoneka ngati udzu waudzu kusiyana ndi ena. Ndipo mwa njira, ikhoza kudulidwa.

Wodzichepetsa kwambiri. Amakonda kuwala, koma amakula bwino mumthunzi pang'ono. Frost, ngakhale kwambiri, sachita mantha.

ZOCHITIKA ZOSANGALATSA

M’madera amene mlombwa umabzalidwa, mpweya umakhala waukhondo. Chitsamba chimodzi chimachotsa malo ozungulira ndi ma radius mpaka 5 m! Ndipo asayansi awerengetsa kuti hekitala imodzi ya zitsamba izi imasanduka nthunzi pafupifupi makilogalamu 30 a phytoncides. Izi ndizokwanira kuyeretsa mlengalenga wa mzinda waukulu ku majeremusi. Mwa njira, madokotala amalangiza: ngati ana anu nthawi zambiri amadwala chimfine, asiyeni nthawi zonse kusewera pafupi ndi juniper.

M’dziko Lathu, milombwa inkagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala (2). Nthambi za juniper zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kutenthetsa (kuphera tizilombo) machubu ndi zotengera zina zamatabwa komwe zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba ndi bowa zimasungidwa. Ndipo ndithu, adawaonjezera ku matsache osambira.

Kubzala mlombwa wokwawa

Junipers, omwe amagulitsidwa m'mitsuko, amatha kubzalidwa nthawi yonse yachilimwe. Amakumba dzenje pachitsamba chilichonse chokhala ndi mainchesi 50 cm. Ndikofunikira kuyika ngalande pansi - njerwa zosweka ndi mchenga.

"Musanabzale, ndi bwino kumiza chidebecho ndi chomeracho m'madzi kwa maola angapo kuti dziko lapansi likhale lodzaza ndi chinyezi, kotero kuti tchire lidzamere bwino," akulangiza. Agronomist Svetlana Mikhailova.

Chisamaliro cha juniper

Ma Juniper ndi zomera zodzichepetsa, koma zonse zimafunika kusamalidwa pang'ono. Makamaka mutabzala - iyi ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri kwa iwo, kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti nthawi zambiri zomera zimafa m'chaka choyamba (3).

Ground

Mitundu yambiri ya juniper simafuna chonde m'nthaka, imatha kumera ngakhale osauka. Koma ndibwino ngati ndi loam wopepuka kapena mchenga wokhala ndi asidi pang'ono (pH 5 - 6,5).

Pa dothi lolemera ladothi pansi pa chitsamba cha juniper, ndi bwino kukumba dzenje lokhala ndi mainchesi 60 cm ndi kuya komweko. Ndipo mudzaze ndi chisakanizo cha peat, sod land ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1: 1. Koma zisanachitike, m'pofunika kutsanulira 15 - 20 masentimita a ngalande pansi - dongo lokulitsidwa kapena njerwa zosweka.

Kuunikira

Juniper amakula bwino poyera komanso pamthunzi. Dzuwa, tchire lawo ndi lophatikizana kwambiri, pansi pa denga la mitengo, mphukira zawo zimatambasula pang'ono.

Ndipo chinthu chinanso: mitundu yokhala ndi singano zagolide ndi zobiriwira, ndiye kuti, zokhala ndi mtundu wosiyanasiyana, zimataya kuwala mumthunzi - zimakhala zobiriwira. Ndipo amawonetsa kukongola kwawo konse m'malo adzuwa okha.

chinyezi

M'chaka choyamba mutabzala mbande, muyenera kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata, ndowa imodzi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Ndipo koposa zonse, kuchokera mumtsuko wothirira komanso pafupi ndi korona - ma juniper achichepere amakonda kusamba.

"Kuyambira m'chaka chachiwiri, juniper amatha kuchita popanda kuthirira, koma nthawi ya chilala komanso kutentha kwakukulu, ndikofunikira kuwathirira ndi payipi yopopera kuti mutsitsimutse korona," akutero. Agronomist Svetlana Mikhailova. - Chitani m'mawa kapena madzulo.

feteleza

Musanabzale m'dzenje, palibe feteleza omwe amafunikira kuwonjezeredwa - adzakhala ndi zakudya zokwanira zomwe zili m'nthaka.

Kudyetsa

Juniper amakula bwino popanda feteleza. Koma ngati muwonjezera nitroammophoska mu Epulo, adzakusangalatsani ndi singano zowala. Nthawi zina ndi zothandiza kutsanulira peat pang'ono pansi pa tchire. Koma palibe choncho sangathe ntchito phulusa!

Pansi pa juniper, simungathe kupanga manyowa ndikuwathirira ndi potaziyamu permanganate! Apo ayi, mudzapha bowa opindulitsa omwe amakhala pamizu ya conifers. Ndipo popanda iwo, tchire lidzafa.

Kuberekana kwa mlombwa wokwawa

Njira yosavuta yofalitsira milombwa yokwawa ndiyo kusanjikiza. Maonekedwe a chitsamba amakulolani kuchita izi popanda mavuto.

Ndibwino kuti muyambe kufalitsa ndikuyika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mu theka lachiwiri la April - pamenepa mudzakhala ndi mbande yokonzeka kale chaka chino, ikhoza kuzingidwa kumapeto kwa August. Koma mutha kuchita izi m'chilimwe, pokhapokha padzakhala kofunikira kuti mutengere kusanjikiza kumalo atsopano chaka chamawa.

Njirayi ndi yophweka - muyenera kugwada ndikupachika nthambi iliyonse yapansi pansi. Thirani kachulu kakang'ono ka dothi panthambi pa malo okhudzana ndi nthaka. Kuti mizu iyambe kukula mwachangu, kusanjikiza kuyenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata.

Tizilombo ta juniper

Ma juniper sakhudzidwa kawirikawiri ndi tizirombo, komabe amakhala ndi adani.

Coniferous spider mite. Mutha kuzizindikira ndi timadontho toyera tomwe timawonekera pa singano za junipere. Pachimake chakukula kwa tizilombo, tchire limakutidwa ndi ma cobwebs, ndipo singano zimayamba kusanduka zachikasu ndikusweka. Spider nthata zimaswana kwambiri m'nyengo yotentha komanso yowuma.

Pofuna kuthana ndi akangaude, mankhwala aliwonse okonzekera motsutsana ndi nkhupakupa, mwachitsanzo, Antiklesh, ndi abwino. Kwa otsutsa chemistry pamalowa, kukonzekera kwachilengedwe kungalimbikitsidwe - Bitoxibacillin ndi Fitoverm. Koma mphamvu zawo ndizochepa, ndi matenda amphamvu, akhoza kukhala opanda pake.

Juniper aphid. Palibe zomveka kufotokoza nsabwe za m'masamba, aliyense waziwona. Zimakhudza makamaka achinyamata mphukira.

Tizilombo timeneti titha kuthetsedwa mothandizidwa ndi Calypso, Confidor, Mospilan kukonzekera. Ndipo ndikofunikira kulimbana ndi nyerere - ndizomwe zimanyamula nsabwe za m'masamba mozungulira munda.

European juniper scale tizilombo. Monga lamulo, amakhazikika pa khungwa, koma nthawi zina amatha kuwoneka pa singano ndi ma cones aang'ono. Izi ndi tizilombo tozungulira tomwe timakutidwa ndi chishango cholimba chachikasu chachikasu. Iwo amamatira mwamphamvu ku mphukira ndi kumwa madzi a zomera. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timayambitsa chiwopsezo chachikulu kwa mbewu zazing'ono - ndi tizirombo tambiri, zimalepheretsa kukula, singano zimasanduka zofiirira.

Sizophweka kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - zimatetezedwa ndi chipolopolo cholimba. Mutha kulimbana nazo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe amalowa muzomera: Aktara, Calypso Confidor, Engio. Ndikofunikira kukonza junipers osachepera katatu ndi nthawi ya masabata awiri. Ndipo nthawi iliyonse muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyana.

Mphuno ya juniper. Tizilombo timeneti nthawi zambiri timawononga timitengo tating'ono. Akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amabisala mu axils a singano m'munsi mwa korona - sakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa. Koma ndi chiwerengero chachikulu, amakhala mu singano zonse. Zotsatira zake, zimayamba kusanduka bulauni, zimakutidwa ndi zokutira za sooty (izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi matenda a fungal), zimasanduka zakuda ndikuphwanyika.

Ndizovuta kwambiri kupha tizilombo. Mankhwala a Engio adziwonetsa bwino, koma sangathe kupirira yekha - muyenera kuchita zosachepera 3 chithandizo ndi nthawi ya masiku 10 ndipo makamaka ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza pa Engio, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Aktara, Calypso, Confidant, Confidor, Mospilan, Tanrek.

njenjete ya juniper miner. Ichi ndi gulugufe kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono kakang'ono ka mapiko otambasula pafupifupi 1 cm. Iyoyokha ilibe vuto, koma mbozi zake zimakonda kudya singano za paini. Amakhala ofiirira, okhala ndi mikwingwirima itatu yofiira yofiirira. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa korona, kulowa mkati mwa singano ndikupanga migodi. Tizilomboti timakhudza pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya junipere, kupatula mlombwa wa Cossack. Koposa zonse amakonda juniper wamba ndi mlombwa wa namwali. Ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu, mpaka 80% ya singano imatha kukhudzidwa.

Pofuna kuthana ndi mbozi za njenjetezi, zokonzekera zokhazokha zomwe zimalowa muzomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zina mwa izo ndi Calypso, Confidor, Engio. Ndikofunikira kupanga juniper osachepera 2 nthawi ndi nthawi ya masiku 10.

Mafunso ndi mayankho otchuka

Tinayankhanso ena mwa mafunso ochokera kwa anthu okhala m’chilimwe Agronomist-woweta Svetlana Mikhailova.

Magwero a

1. Salakhov NV, Ibragimova KK, Sungatullina NI Ecological and phytocenotic conditions for the growth of common juniper (J. communis) // Uchenye zapiski wa Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. NE Bauman, 2012. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/ekologo-fitotsenoticheskie-usloviya-proizrastaniya-mozhzhevelnika-obyknovennogo-j-communis-v-rt
2. Pisarev DI, Novikov OO, Zhilyakova ET, Trifonov BV, Novikova M. Yu. ndi deta yanu) // Mavuto enieni a mankhwala, 2013. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/covremennye-znaniya-i-sostoyanie-issledovaniy-v-oblasti-sistematiki-i-morfologii-rasteniy-roda-juniperus - l-obzor-i-property-dannye
3. Provorchenko AV, Biryukov SA, Sedina Yu.V., Provorchenko OA Kuchita bwino popanga zinthu zobzala mitengo ya juniper kutengera mtundu wa zinthu // Polythematic network electronic science magazine ya Kuban State Agrarian University, 2013. https://cyberleninka .ru/article/n/effektivnost-proizvodstva-posadochnogo-materiala-mozhzhevelnikov-v-zavisimosti -ot-vida-ishodnogo-materiala