Cyanosis ndi mtundu wa bluish wa khungu ndi mucous nembanemba. Zitha kukhudza malo omwe amakhalapo (monga zala kapena nkhope) kapena zimakhudza zamoyo zonse. Zomwe zimayambitsa zimakhala zosiyanasiyana ndipo zimaphatikizapo kulephera kwa mtima, kupuma kapena kuzizira.

Cyanosis ndi mtundu wa bluish wa khungu ndi mucous nembanemba pamene magazi ali ndi hemoglobin wochepa womangidwa ndi mpweya. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, timalankhula za cyanosis pamene magazi a capillary ali ndi osachepera 5g a hemoglobini yochepetsedwa (ndiko kuti osati osakhazikika ku oxygen) pa 100ml.

Kumbukirani kuti hemoglobini ndi mbali ya maselo ofiira a magazi (omwe amatchedwanso maselo ofiira a magazi) omwe amanyamula mpweya. Mlingo wake umasiyana pakati pa amuna, akazi ndi ana.

Pamene mpweya uli wochepa m'magazi, umatenga mtundu wofiira wakuda. Ndipo pamene ziwiya zonse (za thupi lonse kapena dera la thupi) zimanyamula magazi opanda okosijeni, ndiye kuti khungu limakhala ndi mtundu wa bluish wa cyanosis.

Zizindikiro zimatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi cyanosis, malingana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa. Mwachitsanzo, kupuma movutikira, kupweteka pachifuwa, kutentha thupi, kulephera kwa mtima kapena kutopa kwathunthu.

Cyanosis imatha kukhala gawo limodzi la thupi, monga milomo, nkhope, malekezero (zala ndi zala), miyendo, mikono… Timasiyanitsa kwenikweni:

• chapakati cyanosis (kapena generalized cyanosis), zomwe zimasonyeza kuchepa kwa oxygenation ya magazi ochepa;
• ndi zotumphukira cyanosis zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudza zala ndi zala.

Nthawi zonse, cyanosis iyenera kuchenjeza ndipo m'pofunika kukaonana ndi dokotala yemwe angathe kupanga matenda ndi kupereka chithandizo.

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa cyanosis. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• kukhudzana ndi kuzizira;
• Matenda a Raynaud, mwachitsanzo, kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi. Malo okhudzidwa a thupi amasanduka oyera ndikuzizira, nthawi zina asanatembenuke buluu;
• kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kake, monga thrombosis (mwachitsanzo, kukhalapo kwa clot - kapena thrombus - yomwe imapanga mtsempha wa magazi ndi kulepheretsa);
• matenda a m'mapapo, monga pachimake kupuma kulephera, m'mapapo embolism, edema m'mapapo, hematosis matenda (amatanthauza kusinthana mpweya umene umachitika m'mapapo ndi amene amalola magazi wolemera mu carbon dioxide kusandulika magazi olemera mpweya);
• myocardial infarction;
• kumangidwa kwa mtima;
• mtima wobadwa nawo kapena kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, izi zimatchedwa matenda a blue blood;
• magazi kwambiri;
• kusayenda bwino kwa magazi;
• kusowa magazi;
• poyizoni (mwachitsanzo cyanide);
• kapena matenda ena a hematological.

Cyanosis ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimafuna kukaonana ndi dokotala. Ngati chizindikirocho sichiyendetsedwa, zovuta zambiri zimatha kuchitika (malingana ndi chiyambi cha cyanosis ndi malo ake). Tiyeni titchule mwachitsanzo:

• polycythemia, ndiko kunena kuti kusakhazikika pakupanga maselo ofiira a magazi. Pamenepa, kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a magazi okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi kumakhala kwakukulu;
• hippocratism ya digito, ndiko kuti kusinthika kwa misomali yomwe imakhala yotupa (zindikirani kuti ndi Hippocrates amene adatanthauzira koyamba);
• kapena ngakhale kusapeza bwino kapena syncope.

Chithandizo cha cyanosis chimadalira chomwe chikuyambitsa. Tiyeni titchule mwachitsanzo:

• opaleshoni (congenital mtima chilema);
• oxygenation (zovuta kupuma);
• kumwa mankhwala, monga okodzetsa (kumangidwa kwa mtima);
• kapena mfundo yosavuta ya kuvala kutentha (pakakhala kukhudzana ndi kuzizira kapena matenda a Raynaud).