Choyipa kwambiri sikuluma apulo ndikupeza nyongolotsi, koma kuwona theka lake. Koma ndizoipa kwambiri kudya mbale yomwe mumakonda, kukhala ndi poizoni, ndikuzindikira kuti ndinu nyumba ya munthu, ndipo alendo owoneka osasangalatsa akumanga chisa mwa inu. Kodi munganyamule ndani mukamadya nyama, saladi yopepuka, kapena mukungopumula pamalo ochezera? Wothandizira Denis Prokofiev adauza Tsiku la Akazi za alendo omwe amakhala mkati mwathu.
Akatswiri a World Health Organisation amalira mochenjeza - chakudya chosatetezeka ndi chomwe chimapha anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni awiri chaka chilichonse.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ma virus, majeremusi omwe ali muzakudya amayambitsa matenda opitilira 200. Pafupifupi anthu 56 miliyoni padziko lonse amadwala matenda a chimfine chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kudya nsomba zosaphika, nkhanu kapena masamba omwe ali ndi mphutsi za parasite.
Ndi mankhwala ati omwe angasewere nthabwala zankhanza kwa ogula? Monga momwe zinakhalira, pafupifupi aliyense.
Firiji yosowa ingachite popanda izi. Zomwe timachita nawo komanso kulikonse komwe timawayika. Ndipo nthawi zina sitiphika n’komwe mazirawo – timawamenya ndi kuwatumiza ku mchere monga tiramisu kapena osaphika mwadala.
Ndipo pachabe! Ndi nyama ya nkhuku ndi mazira a mbalamezi omwe nthawi zambiri amatipatsira mabakiteriya a Salmonella, omwe amachititsa poizoni kwambiri ndipo amatha kugona kwa masiku 2-7 kapena kuonetsetsa kuti agone kuchipatala.
Ngati nyama kapena mazira oipitsidwa agunda tebulo lanu ndipo mwawasambitsa kwambiri, ndipo osamaliza kuphika, padzakhala vuto. Inde, inde, mazira ayenera kutsukidwa, ngati wina sanadziwe.
Tidaphwanya dzira, lomwe zipolopolo zake zidakutidwa ndi manyowa, kukhala msuzi wotsekemera, ndipo moni, salmonella! Mungathe kudziteteza ku mliriwu pokhapokha potsatira malamulo a ukhondo ndi kukonzekera. Bakiteriyayo amafa pakatentha kwambiri.
Ndi abwenzi a atsikana onse, komanso lamblia - microscopic protozoa yomwe ingayambitse zovuta zambiri.
Mutha kutenga matenda a giardiasis podya zakudya zomwe zili ndi zotupa zawo - masamba, zipatso, zipatso, zitsamba, kapena kudzera m'manja mwauve. Choncho, ganizirani maulendo khumi musanayese phwetekere kumsika kapena kuthyola apulo m’paki.
Kamodzi m'mimba thirakiti, lamblia imayamba kuchulukirachulukira ndikuyambitsa kupsa mtima kwa mucous nembanemba.
Mutha kuwathamangitsa, koma muyenera kuwona dokotala. Ndipo kuyambira pano, sambani masamba onse, zipatso ndi manja pambuyo pawo, kuti musatenge lamblia kapena ascaris.
Mwa njira, zozungulira, dziwani, ndi nyongolotsi 20-25 centimita yaitali ndi parasitize mu intestine yaing'ono. Amalowa m'thupi mofanana ndi atsikana osavuta. Koma iwo choyamba moyo matumbo, ndiyeno kusamukira ku mitsempha yodutsitsa madzi ndi mitsempha, chiwindi, mtima, bronchi.
Kodi mukuvutika ndi ululu wachilendo m'mimba mwanu, nseru, nseru, ndi kuyabwa kulikonse? Izi ndi zizindikiro za kuledzera, ndi bwino kufufuza ascariasis.
Mphatso za mitsinje zomwe zimakonda zimakhala zolemera osati mavitamini okha, komanso mphutsi za fluke - flukes.
Poyamba, chonyamulira tsokali ndi nkhono yam'madzi, kenako nsomba zam'madzi kapena crustaceans, ndiye nyama zomwe zimadya, kapena anthu.
Mutha kupeza wobwereketsa wotero podya mwini wake wapakatikati, mwachitsanzo, kudya nsomba zosaphika pabalaza la sushi kapena kunyumba.
Zoyamwitsa ndizosiyana kwambiri, koma zonse ndizosathandiza. Ena parasitize m'chiwindi, kuchititsa kutupa, ena mu ndulu, ndipo ena amakhazikika mu minyewa ya m'mapapo ndipo ngakhale mu ubongo.
Mukhoza kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma ndi bwino kuti musakumane nawo ndikuphika nsomba molondola - mwachangu ndikuphika kwa mphindi 30!
Ngakhale nyama yazakudya imeneyi ingakhale yoopsa. Tsoka, koma pa ng'ombe zokongola, bovine tapeworm nthawi zambiri parasitizes - nyongolotsi amene maonekedwe ake ndi oopsa.
Ikhoza kukhala kutalika kwa mamita 10! Zikumveka zowopsya, koma zoona. Ndipo, monga momwe zilili ndi nsomba, n'zosavuta kudziwonjezera woipa wotere - ndikokwanira kudya nyama yowonongeka, yosakwanira kutentha, mchere kapena wotsekemera.
Ng'ombe yamphongo imatha kukhala mkati mwa munthu kwa zaka zambiri, panali zochitika pamene mwiniwakeyo adadziwa za "mlendo" zaka 25 zokha. Ichi ndichifukwa chake muyenera kumvera thupi lanu, kukayezetsa pafupipafupi kuti mukhale ndi mtendere wamumtima ndikuphika moyenera!
Mu nthawi za Soviet, panali nkhani yowopsya - idyani nyama yankhumba ndi madontho ofiira, ndipo mudzakhala ndi tapeworm. Nkhani yoopsayi ndi yoona.
Nyongolotsi za tapeworm ndi mtundu wa mphutsi zazikulu zomwe zimakhala mu nkhumba ndi anthu.
Matenda, monga nthawi zina, amapezeka pamene akudya nyama yaiwisi kapena yokayikitsa yophika. Nthawi zina, odwala amavutika ndi njala, kupweteka m'mimba, nseru, ndi kuwonda. Koma nthawi zambiri matendawa ndi asymptomatic.
Choopsa chachikulu ndi chiyani, chifukwa matenda angayambitse matenda aakulu - cysticercosis, pamene mphutsi za nyongolotsi zimayamba kusamukira kumagulu a subcutaneous, maso ndi ubongo. Mitundu yoopsa imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni.
Ngakhale mitsuko yachitsulo ndi magalasi imatha kutenga kachilombo koopsa - bakiteriya Clostridium botulinum, yomwe imayambitsa botulism.
Matendawa ndi mtundu wa kuledzera kwambiri ndipo akhoza kupha.
Zimalowa bwanji mu pickles? Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala m’nthaka, ndipo nkhaka kapena bowa zimatha kumera m’nthaka, kenako amakulungidwa mu mitsuko. Ndipo m’danga limeneli lopanda mpweya, bakiteriyayo imadzuka n’kuyamba kutulutsa poizoni. Asidi akhoza kumupha. Koma mungadziwe bwanji ngati alimi awonjezera vinyo wosasa wokwanira ku bowa? Kalanga, simudzadziwa.
Komabe, musawope chakudya cham'zitini ngati moto. Botulism ndi osowa. Pofuna kupewa izi, zinthu zochokera m'zitini ziyenera kuwiritsidwa ndikufufuzidwa bwino.
Chivundikirocho chinagwa mosavuta, brine sichidziwika bwino, mankhwalawa ali ndi chinachake, kodi amamva fungo lachilendo pophika? Kulibwino utaye! Ndipo ngati mumadyabe chakudya cham’zitini chokayikitsa ndipo simukumva bwino, itanani ambulansi.
Kuchokera kutchuthi simungabweretse zowoneka bwino zokha, komanso stowaways. Mwachitsanzo, matenda a m'magazi omwe amayambitsa likodzo.
Infection zimachitika mosazindikira. Wapatchuthi amayenda opanda nsapato m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena kusambira mumtsinje, kenako amabwerera kunyumba ndikuyamba kuyabwa. Khungu limayabwa ndipo limakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yofiyira yachilendo, ngati njira za nyerere. Tangoganizani zandani? Ziphuphu izo.
Likodzo ndi lofala m'madera otentha ndi otentha. Kuti mutenge kachilomboka, ndikwanira kulowa m'malo okhala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - kuyenda opanda nsapato pamchenga kapena kuziziritsa m'madzi momwe mphutsi zimakhala. Flukes imperceptibly kukumba mu khungu la mapazi ndiyeno kukhazikika, kusiya njira kumbuyo kwawo. Ndipo kuchititsa ziwengo.
Matendawa ndi osasangalatsa, koma ochiritsika. Ndipo kuti musavutike nazo, ndikwanira kungovala nsapato zapadera pamphepete mwa nyanja ndi kusambira.
"Chodabwitsa" china chingabweretsedwe kuchokera ku mayiko monga Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Congo, Indonesia, Tanzania, Myanmar, India, Nepal, Nigeria ndi Philippines. Lymphatic filariasis, kapena elephantiasis, ndi yofala kumeneko.
Matendawa amatengedwa ndi udzudzu womwe uli kale ndi nyongolotsi zamtundu wa Filarioidea. Kulumidwa kumodzi kwa udzudzu wodwala, ndi mphutsi kukhazikika mu lymphatic system, ndiyeno miyendo imayamba kupweteka, kutupa ndi kutupa, ngati miyendo ya njovu. Filariasis nthawi zambiri imabweretsa olumala, makamaka m'mayiko osauka.
Ziribe kanthu momwe ziwerengerozo zilili zowopsya, mukhoza kuchepetsa chiopsezo ndikudziteteza kwa "alendo".
Wothandizira Denis Prokofiev:
“Matenda oyipa onsewa amatha kuchiza, makamaka atangoyamba kumene. Pali mankhwala ambiri a izi. Koma, tsoka, palibe gawo limodzi mwa magawo zana lachitetezo ku matenda a parasitic. Ndi chitukuko cha matenda aliwonse awa, chithunzi chofananira chachipatala chimachitika: kusokonezeka kwa chopondapo, kupweteka m'mimba, kutentha thupi, kugunda kwamtima, kusanza.
Mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri mwayi wokhala nyumba yamoyo wakunja ngati mutsatira malamulo osavuta. Chakudya chilichonse chiyenera kukonzedwa bwino ndi thermally, ndi bwino kuphikidwa mopitirira muyeso kusiyana ndi kusaphika, kutsukidwa, kugulidwa osati ndi dzanja, koma m'sitolo. Imwani madzi owiritsa okha, osati kuchokera kumtsinje kapena gwero, mkaka umangokhala ndi pasteurized. Sungani chakudya moyenera: nyama, nsomba, masamba ndi nkhuku ziyenera kukhala pamashelefu osiyanasiyana afiriji, m'matumba osiyanasiyana. Khalani ndi chizoloŵezi chosakonzekera chakudya ndi chakudya chochuluka - kwa sabata yonse, zikhoza kupita zoipa. Ngati menyu yanu ili ndi zinthu monga mkaka, yoghurt, kirimu wowawasa, muwagule m'mapaketi ang'onoang'ono kuti asayime motsegula mufiriji kwa masiku angapo. Tsegulani kirimu wowawasa ndi nyumba yabwino ya mabakiteriya. Osatsegula chilichonse ndi mano! Ngakhale chikopa cha nthochi sichiyenera kuchotsedwa poluma. Ndizoopsa kwambiri. Mukudziwa bwanji pamene nthochi ili, yemwe wayigwira? Ngati mankhwalawa ali ndi kusintha pang'ono kwa mtundu kapena fungo - omasuka kutaya. “
· Ngati mu lesitilanti mumapatsidwa nyama kapena nkhuku zokhala ndi zofiira zofiira, mukhoza kuona "madzi" apinki - kukana mbaleyo. Sanakonzekere, kutanthauza kuti ndi owopsa.
• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timaphedwa kokha pa kutentha kwambiri. Ngati mukuphika, titi, msuzi wa nsomba ndikuwonjezera nsomba zamzitini, ziyenera kuwira mu msuzi pamodzi ndi zosakaniza zina zonse.
• M’firiji, zakudya zosaphika siziyenera kukhala moyandikana ndi chakudya chophikidwa.
· Mipeni yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito podula nyama kapena nsomba si yoyenera pa zipatso ndi buledi.
· Ngati mwatsuka nyama yaiwisi, nkhuku, nsomba mu sinki, sinki ndi danga pakati pake ndi countertop ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi antibacterial clean agents.