😉 Moni kwa owerenga okhazikika komanso atsopano! Nkhani yakuti "David Hume: Philosophy, Biography, Facts and Videos" ikunena za moyo wa wafilosofi wotchuka wa ku Scotland. Maphunziro a kanema pa filosofi ya Hume. Nkhaniyi idzakhala yothandiza kwa ophunzira.
David Hume: Wambiri
Wafilosofi waku Scotland, katswiri wa zachikhalidwe cha anthu, wolemba mbiri komanso wazachuma David Hume adabadwa pa Meyi 7, 1711 ku Edinburgh m'banja lolemera lachifumu. Chifukwa cha kuumirira kwa makolo ake, iye analowa kuphunzira zamalamulo. David anasiya sukulu mwamsanga, pozindikira kuti sayansi ya zamalamulo sinamusangalatse kwenikweni.
Patapita kanthawi, kuyesa kosatheka kuchita bizinesi kumachitika. Pambuyo pake anapereka moyo wake wonse kufufuza nkhani za filosofi.
Mu 1734, Hume anapita ku France. Pochita chidwi ndi malingaliro a olemba mabuku achifalansa, adagwira ntchito mwakhama kwa zaka zitatu pa buku lake loyamba la mavoliyumu atatu "A Treatise on Human Nature ...". Ntchitoyo sinalandire chivomerezo choyenera ndipo Hume anabwerera ku nyumba ya makolo ake.
David Hume (1711-1776)
Kachitidwe kake kakhoza kufotokozedwa mwachidule m'mawu oti "kukayikira", koma osati m'lingaliro la "kusakhulupirira", koma m'lingaliro la kukana kukhulupirira mopambanitsa maonekedwe, miyambo, mphamvu, ndi mabungwe. Pali chifukwa chomveka komanso chowona mtima cha kukana uku - kudziganizira nokha.
Ndipo izi zikutanthauza - samasiya kudzitsimikizira. Izi nthawi zina zimatha kuyambitsa "kudzikonda koyenera", komwe, komabe, ndi upangiri wotetezeka m'moyo kuposa "kukonda malingaliro". Moyo wa filosofi umasonyeza kuti nthawi zonse ankanena za ufulu wake ndikuchita modzikuza.
Pamene Tractatus ... anayang'anizana ndi kusamvetsetsa kosalekeza kwa omvera ophunzitsidwa mwamwambo, Hume sanasiye masomphenya ake a filosofi. Anaganiza zodziwonetsera yekha ngati woganiza mwa njira zina zomveka: nkhani.
zaka zotsiriza za moyo
Mpaka 1768, David Hume adatumikira monga Mlembi Wothandizira wa boma ku Northern Affairs. Kenako anasiya ntchito n’kubwerera kwawo ali munthu wolemera ndithu. Apa akupanga gulu la akatswiri afilosofi, omwe adaphatikizapo: A. Ferguson, A. Smith, A. Monroe, J. Black, H. Blair ndi ena.
Kumapeto kwa moyo wake, Hume analemba Autobiography yake. Kumeneko adadzifotokozera yekha ngati munthu wochezeka, koma ndi zofooka zina za kutchuka kwa wolemba. Mu 1775, Hume anayamba zizindikiro za matenda a m'mimba. Anamwalira ndi khansa pa August 25, 1776. Anali ndi zaka 65.
Pamanda ake, Hume analonjezedwa kuti alembe mawu achidule akuti: “David Hume. Wobadwa pa Meyi 7, 1711, adamwalira ... ". Iye analemba kuti: “Ndimasiyira mbadwa, kuwonjezera zina zonse.”
Filosofi ya David Hume
Mafomu asintha, koma cholinga chimakhalabe, chowonjezeredwa ndi chikhalidwe chotsimikizika: kudzitsimikizira kwaumwini - kudziwonetsera nokha kwa malingaliro.
Gawo loyamba la nkhani yake "Moral and Political Essay" likulandiridwa mwachikondi ndi asayansi. Anasankhidwa kukhala woyang'anira laibulale ku Edinburgh College of Law, komwe adayamba kulemba Mbiri yake yaku England.
Bukhuli linasindikizidwa m'magawo angapo kuyambira 1754 mpaka 1762. Zina mwa zigawozo zinakanidwa ndi nthumwi za liberal bourgeoisie.
Hume adakhazikitsa ntchito yoyambitsa njira yoyesera mu umunthu. Amayesa kumasula filosofi ya makhalidwe abwino kuchokera kumalingaliro onse. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za makhalidwe ake ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:
- kusiyana kwa makhalidwe kumadza chifukwa cha kumva kuvomerezedwa kapena kusayanjidwa ponena za ululu kapena chisangalalo;
- kumverera kumachokera ku zomwe timaziona ngati "zabwino" kapena "zoipa", "ukoma" kapena "zoyipa";
- kwenikweni, chifukwa ndi ongoyerekeza;
- malingaliro ndi zilakolako zimalamulira pomanga chiweruzo cha makhalidwe: “ kulingalira kuli kapolo wa zilakolako;
- Makhalidwe abwino amachokera pa zabwino, ntchito ndi malingaliro achilengedwe (chiyamiko, chifundo ndi chifundo);
- chilungamo ndi khalidwe lochita kupanga lochokera m'malingaliro athu ndi chikhumbo chofuna kukwaniritsa zilakolako zathu zachibadwa.
Mutu wankhani: "David Hume: Philosophy"
Nkhani yosangalatsa ya filosofi, Ph.D., pulofesa wothandizira Pavlova Elena Leonidovna ↓
Okondedwa owerenga, ngati mudakonda nkhani yakuti "David Hume: Philosophy, Biography", chonde gawani pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti. Mpaka nthawi ina! 😉 Lowani, pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa kutsogolo!