Zamkatimu
M'nyumba zazing'ono zachilimwe, chizindikiro cha wailesi yakanema sichikhoza kulandiridwa popanda kukulitsa: ndi kutali kwambiri ndi kubwereza, mtunda nthawi zambiri umakhala wosagwirizana, ndipo mitengo imasokoneza. Kuti chithunzicho chikhale chabwino, tinyanga zimafunika. Aliyense amene amadziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito chitsulo chosungunuka pang'ono akhoza kupanga antenna yopereka ndi manja ake. Aesthetics kunja kwa mzinda sichimapatsidwa kufunikira kwakukulu, chinthu chachikulu ndi khalidwe la kulandirira, mapangidwe osavuta, otsika mtengo komanso odalirika. Mutha kuyesa ndikuzichita nokha.
Mlongoti wosavuta wa TV
Ngati wobwereza ali mkati mwa 30 km kuchokera ku dacha yanu, mukhoza kupanga gawo losavuta lolandira mu mapangidwe. Awa ndi machubu awiri ofanana olumikizidwa ndi chingwe. Kutulutsa kwa chingwe kumadyetsedwa kuzinthu zofananira za TV.
Zomwe mukufunikira kuti mupange mlongoti wa TV
Choyamba, muyenera kudziwa kuti nsanja yapa TV yapafupi ikuwulutsa pati. Kutalika kwa "ndevu" kumadalira pafupipafupi. Gulu lowulutsa lili mumitundu ya 50-230 MHz. Imagawidwa m'makanema 12. Iliyonse imafunikira utali wake wa machubu. Mndandanda wamakanema akanema akudziko lapansi, ma frequency awo ndi magawo a mlongoti wa kanema wawayilesi kuti adzipangire okha adzaperekedwa patebulo.
| Nambala ya Channel | Mafupipafupi a Channel | Kutalika kwa vibrator - kuchokera kumapeto mpaka kumapeto kwa machubu, masentimita | Kutalika kwa zingwe zofananira ndi chipangizo, L1/L2 cm |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 50 MHz | 271-276 onani | 286 cm / 95 masentimita |
| 2 | 59,25 MHz | 229-234 onani | 242 cm / 80 masentimita |
| 3 | 77,25 MHz | 177-179 onani | 187 cm / 62 masentimita |
| 4 | 85,25 MHz | 162-163 onani | 170 cm / 57 masentimita |
| 5 | 93,25 MHz | 147-150 onani | 166 cm / 52 masentimita |
| 6 | 175,25 MHz | 85 masentimita | 84 cm / 28 masentimita |
| 7 | 183,25 MHz | 80 masentimita | 80 cm / 27 masentimita |
| 8 | 191,25 MHz | 77 masentimita | 77 cm / 26 masentimita |
| 9 | 199,25 MHz | 75 masentimita | 74 cm / 25 masentimita |
| 10 | 207,25 MHz | 71 masentimita | 71 cm / 24 masentimita |
| 11 | 215,25 MHz | 69 masentimita | 68 cm / 23 masentimita |
| 12 | 223,25 MHz | 66 masentimita | 66 cm / 22 masentimita |
Chifukwa chake, kuti mupange mlongoti wa TV ndi manja anu, muyenera zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Chitoliro chachitsulo ndi 6-7 cm wamfupi kuposa momwe tawonetsera patebulo. Zida - zitsulo zilizonse: mkuwa, chitsulo, duralumin, etc. Diameter - kuchokera 8 mm mpaka 24 mm (nthawi zambiri amaika 16 mm). Chikhalidwe chachikulu: "ndevu" zonse ziwiri ziyenera kukhala zofanana: kuchokera kuzinthu zomwezo, kutalika kofanana, kuchokera ku chitoliro chofanana ndi makulidwe a khoma.
- Chingwe cha TV chokhala ndi 75 ohm impedance. Kutalika kwake kumatsimikiziridwa kwanuko: kuchokera ku mlongoti kupita ku TV, kuphatikizapo mita ndi theka kwa sagging ndi theka la mita kwa kuzungulira kofanana.
- Chidutswa cha textolite wandiweyani kapena getinax (wokhuthala osachepera 4 mm),
- Ma clamps angapo kapena zitsulo zotchingira kuti muteteze mapaipi kwa chotengera.
- Ndodo ya antenna (chitoliro chachitsulo kapena ngodya, yopanda kutalika kwambiri - chipika chamatabwa, etc.).
Antenna yosavuta yopereka: ngakhale mwana wasukulu akhoza kupanga ndi manja ake
Zingakhale zabwino kukhala ndi chitsulo chosungunula, kusungunuka kwa soldering mkuwa ndi solder pa dzanja: ndi bwino kugulitsa zolumikizira zonse za oyendetsa chapakati: khalidwe la chithunzi lidzakhala bwino ndipo mlongoti udzagwira ntchito motalika. Malo a soldering ndiye ayenera kutetezedwa ku okosijeni: ndi bwino kuti mudzaze ndi wosanjikiza silicone, mungagwiritse ntchito epoxy, etc. Monga njira yomaliza, sindikizani ndi tepi yamagetsi, koma izi ndizosadalirika kwambiri.
Mlongoti wapa TV wopangidwa kunyumba, ngakhale kunyumba, udzapangidwa ndi mwana. Muyenera kudula chubu chautali chomwe chikugwirizana ndi kuwulutsa pafupipafupi kwa obwereza pafupi, kenako ndikudula ndendende pakati.
Lamulo la msonkhano
Chifukwa machubu ndi flattened mbali imodzi. Ndi malekezero awa amamangiriridwa ku chogwirira - chidutswa cha getinax kapena textolite 4-6 mm wandiweyani (onani chithunzi). Machubu amayikidwa pamtunda wa 6-7 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, malekezero awo akutali ayenera kukhala patali omwe akuwonetsedwa patebulo. Amakhazikika kwa chofukizira ndi ma clamps, ayenera kugwira mwamphamvu.
Vibrator yoyikidwa imakhazikika pamtengo. Tsopano muyenera kulumikiza "ndevu" ziwiri kudzera pa chipangizo chofananira. Ichi ndi chingwe chachingwe chokhala ndi kukana kwa 75 ohms (mtundu wa RK-1, 3, 4). Magawo ake amawonetsedwa kumanja kwa tebulo, ndipo momwe zimachitikira zili kumanja kwa chithunzi.
Miyendo yapakati ya chingwe imasokonekera (kugulitsidwa) mpaka kumapeto kwa machubu, kuluka kwawo kumalumikizidwa ndi chidutswa cha woyendetsa yemweyo. Ndikosavuta kupeza waya: dulani chidutswa kuchokera ku chingwe pang'ono kuposa kukula kofunikira ndikuchimasula ku zipolopolo zonse. Mangani malekezero ndi wononga kwa kondakitala chingwe (ndi bwino solder).
Kenako owongolera apakati kuchokera ku zidutswa ziwiri za chipika chofananira ndi chingwe chomwe chimapita ku TV chimalumikizidwa. Kuluka kwawo kumalumikizidwanso ndi waya wamkuwa.
Chochita chomaliza: chipika chapakati chimamangiriridwa ku bar, ndipo chingwe chotsikira pansi chimagwedezeka. Mipiringidzo imakwezedwa kutalika kofunikira ndi "kusinthidwa" pamenepo. Pakufunika anthu awiri kuti akhazikitse: wina amatembenuza mlongoti, wachiwiri amawonera TV ndikuwunika momwe chithunzicho chilili. Mukazindikira komwe siginecha imalandiridwa bwino, mlongoti wa do-it-yourself umakhazikika pamalo awa. Kuti musavutike kwa nthawi yayitali ndi "kukonza", yang'anani kumene olandira oyandikana nawo (antenna zapadziko lapansi) akuwongolera. Mlongoti wosavuta kwambiri woperekera ndi manja anu amapangidwa. Khazikitsani ndi "kugwira" njirayo poyitembenuza motsatira mbali yake.
Onerani kanema wamomwe mungadulire chingwe cha coaxial.
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Lupu kuchokera ku chitoliro
Mlongoti uwu wodzipangira nokha ndi wovuta kwambiri kupanga: mukufunikira bender ya chitoliro, koma malo olandirirako ndi aakulu - mpaka 40 km. Zida zoyambira zimakhala zofanana: chubu chachitsulo, chingwe ndi ndodo.
Kupindika kwa chitoliro sikofunikira. Ndikofunikira kuti chitolirocho chikhale ndi kutalika kofunikira, ndipo mtunda pakati pa malekezero ndi 65-70 mm. "Mapiko" onse awiri ayenera kukhala otalika mofanana, ndipo malekezero ayenera kukhala ofanana pakatikati.
Kutalika kwa chitoliro ndi chingwe kukuwonetsedwa patebulo. Dziwani kuti wobwerezabwereza yemwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi inu akuwulutsa pafupipafupi, sankhani mzere woyenera. Anawona chitoliro cha kukula kofunikira (m'mimba mwake makamaka 12-18 mm, kwa iwo magawo a loop yofananira amaperekedwa).
| Nambala ya Channel | Mafupipafupi a Channel | Kutalika kwa vibrator - kuchokera kumapeto mpaka kumapeto, cm | Kutalika kwa chingwe chofananira ndi chipangizo, cm |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 50 MHz | 276 masentimita | 190 masentimita |
| 2 | 59,25 MHz | 234 masentimita | 160 masentimita |
| 3 | 77,25 MHz | 178 masentimita | 125 masentimita |
| 4 | 85,25 MHz | 163 masentimita | 113 masentimita |
| 5 | 93,25 MHz | 151 masentimita | 104 masentimita |
| 6 | 175,25 MHz | 81 masentimita | 56 masentimita |
| 7 | 183,25 MHz | 77 masentimita | 53 masentimita |
| 8 | 191,25 MHz | 74 masentimita | 51 masentimita |
| 9 | 199,25 MHz | 71 masentimita | 49 masentimita |
| 10 | 207,25 MHz | 69 masentimita | 47 masentimita |
| 11 | 215,25 MHz | 66 masentimita | 45 masentimita |
| 12 | 223,25 MHz | 66 masentimita | 44 masentimita |
Msonkhano
Chubu cha kutalika kofunikira chimapindika, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yofanana kwambiri pakati. Mphepete imodzi imaphwanyidwa ndikupangidwa / kusindikizidwa. Lembani mchenga, ndikutseka mbali yachiwiri. Ngati palibe kuwotcherera, mutha kulumikiza malekezero, ingoikani mapulagi pa guluu wabwino kapena silikoni.
The vibrator chifukwa chokhazikika pa mlongoti (ndodo). Amakongoletsedwa mpaka kumapeto kwa chitoliro, ndiyeno ma conductor apakati a loop yofananira ndi chingwe chomwe chimapita ku TV chimagulitsidwa. Chotsatira ndikulumikiza chidutswa cha waya wamkuwa popanda kusungunula ku chingwe cha zingwe. Msonkhanowo watha - mukhoza kupita ku "configuration".
Ngati simukufuna kuchita nokha, werengani momwe mungasankhire mlongoti kuti mupereke apa.
Mlongoti wa mowa
Ngakhale kuti akuwoneka ngati wopanda pake, chithunzicho chimakhala bwino kwambiri. Kufufuzidwa kangapo. Yesani!
Mowa amatha mlongoti wakunja
Kuyang'ana:
- zitini ziwiri zokhala ndi malita 0,5;
- matabwa kapena pulasitiki pafupifupi 0,5 mita kutalika,
- chidutswa cha TV waya RG-58,
- soldering iron,
- flux ya aluminiyamu (ngati zitini ndi aluminiyamu),
- solder.
Momwe mungapangire mlongoti kuchokera ku zitini
Timasonkhanitsa motere:
- Timabowola dzenje pansi pa mtsuko wapakati (5-6 mm m'mimba mwake).
- Kupyolera mu dzenje ili timatambasula chingwe, timachitulutsa kudzera mu dzenje lachivundikirocho.
- Timakonza mtsuko uwu kumanzere kwa chogwiritsira ntchito kuti chingwecho chilowetsedwe pakati.
- Timachotsa chingwe kuchokera pachitini pafupifupi 5-6 cm, chotsani kutsekera ndi pafupifupi 3 cm, ndikugawaniza chingwecho.
- Timadula chingwe, kutalika kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 1,5 cm.
- Timagawa pamwamba pa chitini ndikuchigulitsa.
- Woyendetsa wapakati wotuluka ndi 3 cm ayenera kugulitsidwa pansi pa chitoliro chachiwiri.
- Mtunda pakati pa mabanki awiriwo uyenera kukhala wocheperako momwe ungathere, ndikukhazikika mwanjira ina. Njira imodzi ndi tepi yomata kapena tepi.
- Ndizomwezo, mlongoti wa UHF wodzipangira okha ndi wokonzeka.
Malekezero ena a chingwe ndi pulagi yoyenera, pulagi mu soketi TV muyenera. Mapangidwe awa, mwa njira, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulandira televizioni ya digito. Ngati TV yanu imathandizira chizindikiro ichi (DVB T2) kapena pali bokosi lapadera la TV yakale, mukhoza kugwira chizindikiro kuchokera kwa wobwereza wapafupi. Mukungofunika kudziwa komwe ili ndikuwongolera mlongoti wanu wapa TV wopangidwa kuchokera ku zitini za malata pamenepo.
Mapangidwe omwewo amatha kusinthidwa kuti alandire mayendedwe a VHF. M'malo mwa 0,5 lita mitsuko, valani 1 lita. Adzalandira MW band.
Njira ina: ngati mulibe chitsulo chosungunula, kapena simukudziwa momwe mungagulitsire, mukhoza kupanga mosavuta. Mangani zitini ziwiri pamtunda wa masentimita angapo kwa chogwirira. Mangani kumapeto kwa chingwe ndi 4-5 centimita (chotsani mosamala kutsekereza). Gwirani chingwecho, pindani mu mtolo, pangani mphete, momwe mumayikamo chopukutira chokha. Kuchokera pa kondakitala wapakati, pangani mphete yachiwiri ndikuyatsanso phula lachiwiri lodzigunda. Tsopano, pansi pa chitini chimodzi, mumatsuka (ndi sandpaper) kachidontho komwe mumakhomerako zomangira.
M'malo mwake, kugulitsa kumafunikira kuti mulumikizane bwino: ndi bwino kupangira malata ndi kugulitsa mphete yoluka, komanso malo olumikizirana ndi chitsulo chachitsulo. Koma ngakhale pa zomangira pawokha zimakhala bwino, komabe, kukhudzanako kumakhala okosijeni nthawi ndi nthawi ndipo kumafunika kutsukidwa. Pamene "kusefukira" mudzadziwa chifukwa chake ...
Mutha kudabwa momwe mungapangire brazier kuchokera ku baluni kapena mbiya, mutha kuwerenga za izi apa.
Dzichitireni nokha mlongoti wapa TV wa digito
Kupanga kwa antenna - chimango. Pa mtundu uwu wa wolandila, mudzafunika chopingasa chopangidwa ndi matabwa ndi chingwe cha kanema wawayilesi. Mudzafunikanso tepi yamagetsi, misomali yochepa. Zonse.
Tanena kale kuti kuti mulandire chizindikiro cha digito, mumangofunika mlongoti wapadziko lapansi wa decimeter ndi decoder yoyenera. Itha kupangidwa mu ma TV (m'badwo watsopano) kapena kupangidwa ngati chipangizo chosiyana. Ngati TV ili ndi ntchito yolandirira siginecha mu kachidindo ya DVB T2, lumikizani kutulutsa kwa mlongoti ku TV. Ngati TV ilibe decoder, mufunika kugula bokosi lapamwamba la digito ndikulumikiza zotulutsa kuchokera ku mlongoti kupitako, komanso ku TV.
Momwe mungadziwire njira ndikuwerengera kuzungulira kwa mafelemu
Ku Russia, pulogalamu yakhazikitsidwa, malinga ndi zomwe nsanja zimamangidwa nthawi zonse. Pofika kumapeto kwa 2015, dera lonselo liyenera kudzazidwa ndi obwereza. Patsamba lovomerezeka http://xn--p1aadc.xn--p1ai/when/ pezani nsanja yapafupi kwambiri ndi inu. Imawonetsa ma frequency owulutsira ndi nambala ya tchanelo. Kuzungulira kwa chimango cha mlongoti kumadalira nambala ya njira.
Mwachitsanzo, njira 37 imawulutsa pafupipafupi 602 MHz. Kutalika kwa mafunde kumaganiziridwa motere: 300 / 602 u50d 22 cm. Ichi chidzakhala chozungulira cha chimango. Tiyeni tiwerengere njira ina mwanjira yomweyo. Lolani kukhala njira 482. Mafupipafupi 300 MHz, kutalika kwa 482/62 = XNUMX cm.
Popeza mlongoti uwu uli ndi mafelemu awiri, kutalika kwa kondakitala kuyenera kukhala kofanana kuwirikiza kawiri kutalika kwa mafunde, kuphatikiza 5 cm pakulumikiza:
- kwa njira 37 timatenga 105 cm wamkuwa waya (50 cm * 2 + 5 cm = 105 cm);
- pamayendedwe 22 muyenera 129 cm (62 cm * 2 + 5 cm = 129 cm).
Mwina mumakonda kwambiri kugwira ntchito ndi matabwa? Momwe mungapangire nyumba ya mbalame zalembedwa apa komanso za kupanga doghouse - m'nkhaniyi.
Msonkhano
Waya wamkuwa umagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kuchokera ku chingwe chomwe chidzapita patsogolo kwa wolandira. Ndiko kuti, kutenga chingwe ndi kuchotsa m'chimake ndi kuluka kwa izo, kumasula kondakitala chapakati cha kutalika ankafuna. Samalani kuti musawononge.
Kenaka, timapanga chithandizo kuchokera ku matabwa, monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzichi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudziwa kutalika kwa mbali ya chimango. Popeza ili ndi lalikulu lopindika, timagawa malo ozungulira ndi 4:
- pa njira 37: 50 cm / 4 = 12,5 cm;
- kwa mayendedwe 22: 62 cm / 4 = 15,5 cm.
Mtunda wochokera ku msomali umodzi kupita ku umzake uyenera kufanana ndi izi. Kuyika kwa waya wamkuwa kumayambira kumanja, kuchokera pakati, kusunthira pansi ndikupitilira mfundo zonse. Pokhapokha pomwe mafelemu amayandikirana, musafupikitse ma conductor. Ayenera kukhala patali (2-4 cm).
Pamene chigawo chonsecho chayikidwa, chingwe kuchokera ku chingwe chachitali cha masentimita angapo chimapotozedwa mu mtolo ndikugulitsidwa (chilonda ngati sichingatheke kuti chiwonjezeke) kumbali ina ya chimango. Chotsatira, chingwecho chimayikidwa monga momwe chikuwonekera pachithunzichi, ndikuchikulunga ndi tepi yamagetsi (nthawi zambiri, koma njira yoyakira singasinthidwe). Kenako chingwe chimapita ku decoder (yosiyana kapena yomangidwa). Mlongoti wonse wopereka ndi manja anu kuti mulandire kanema wawayilesi wa digito wakonzeka.
Momwe mungapangire mlongoti wa televizioni ya digito ndi manja anu - mapangidwe ena - akuwonetsedwa muvidiyoyi.