Dysphasia ndi vuto linalake, loopsa komanso lokhalitsa la chinenero chapakamwa. Kukonzanso, makamaka chithandizo cholankhulira, chimalola ana omwe ali ndi dysphasic kupita patsogolo ngakhale kulimbikira kwa matendawa mpaka akakula. 

Tanthauzo la dysphasia

Dysphasia kapena Primary Oral Language Disorder ndi vuto la neurodevelopmental la chinenero chapakamwa. Vutoli limayambitsa kuperewera kwakukulu komanso kosatha pakukula kwa kupanga ndi / kapena kumvetsetsa kwamawu ndi chilankhulo. Vutoli, lomwe limayamba pakubadwa, limakhalapo m'moyo wonse, mokulirapo kapena mochepera malinga ndi chithandizo chaubwana. 

Pali mitundu ingapo ya dysphasia: 

• Expressive dysphasia yomwe imadziwika ndi zovuta kupanga uthenga 
• Kulandira dysphasia yodziwika ndi kuvutika kumvetsa uthenga 
• Mixed dysphasia: zovuta kupanga ndi kumvetsetsa uthenga 

Zimayambitsa 

Dysphasia ndi vuto linalake lomwe silichitika chifukwa cha kulumala kwa luntha, kusachita bwino m'kamwa kapena mkamwa kapena kukhudzidwa ndi / kapena kulumala kwamaphunziro kapena kuperewera, kapena chifukwa cha vuto lakumva kapena kulumikizana. 

Dysphasia imalumikizidwa ndi kusokonekera kwa ziwalo zaubongo zomwe zimaperekedwa makamaka ku chilankhulo.  

matenda

Kuzindikira kwa dysphasia sikungapangidwe mwana asanakwanitse zaka 5. Ndikofunikira kale kuyang'ana ngati zizindikiro zomwe zawonedwa zimatha pambuyo pa chithandizo cholankhulira komanso ngati palibe chifukwa china monga kuperewera kwaluntha.

Kuzindikira kwa dysphasia ndi kuchuluka kwake kwamphamvu kumakhazikitsidwa ndi akatswiri angapo pambuyo pakuwunika ndikuwunika ndi akatswiri osiyanasiyana azaumoyo m'machitidwe amunthu payekha kapena malo olankhula chilankhulo: kupita kwa dokotala kapena dokotala wa ana, katswiri wa zamaganizo kapena neuropsychologist, katswiri wamawu, psychomotor therapist. 

Anthu okhudzidwa 

Pafupifupi 2% ya anthu amakhudzidwa ndi dysphasia, makamaka anyamata (Source: Inserm 2015). Anyamata amakhudzidwa kuwirikiza katatu kuposa atsikana. Dysphasia imakhudza mwana mmodzi mwa ana atatu a msinkhu wopita kusukulu chaka chilichonse ku France. Akuti 3% ya akuluakulu adwala matenda a dysphasia ndipo amasunga chinenero chovuta kumvetsa. 

Zowopsa 

Dysphasia imanenedwa kuti ili ndi gawo la majini. Kusokonezeka kwachilankhulidwe chapakamwa kapena zovuta zophunzirira chilankhulo nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mwa makolo komanso / kapena abale a ana omwe ali ndi dysphasia.

Matenda amawu pakamwa

Ana omwe ali ndi dysphasia amavutika ndi chinenero chapakamwa. Amalankhula mochedwa, moipa, ndipo amavutika kufotokoza maganizo awo pakamwa.

Zizindikiro za dysphasia

• Mwana sangapeze mawu ake 
• Mwanayo amadzifotokozera m'mawu achidule, mumayendedwe a telegraphic (mawu osapitilira 3), mwachitsanzo "ine play truck"
• Amayankhula pang'ono
• Safunsa mafunso 
• Amavutika kufotokoza zomwe akumva, zomwe akufuna, zomwe amaganiza
• Sitikumvetsa zomwe akunena 
• Ali ndi zovuta za syntactic (kutembenuka kwa ziganizo)
• Mawu ake alibe tanthauzo ndi kusinthasintha 
• Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kumvetsetsa kwake ndi mawu ake apakamwa
• Samvetsetsa malamulo osavuta (pereka, tenga)

Mwana wa dysphasic amalankhula mosalankhula 

Ana omwe ali ndi vuto la dysphasia amayesa kuthana ndi zovuta zawo polankhulana pogwiritsa ntchito kulankhulana kopanda mawu (mawonekedwe a nkhope, zojambula, ndi zina zotero).

Matenda okhudzana ndi dysphasia 

Dysphasia nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi zovuta zina monga dyslexia / dysorthography, kusokonezeka kwa chidwi ndi kapena popanda hyperactivity (ADD / HD) kapena / ndi coordination acquisition disorder (TAC kapena dyspraxia). 

The mankhwala makamaka zochokera kulankhula mankhwala, yaitali ndi bwino anakonza. Izi sizichiritsa koma zimathandiza mwanayo kubweza zofooka zake. 

Kukonzanso kwamankhwala olankhulira kungaphatikizidwe ndi chithandizo kuchokera kwa akatswiri ena: psychomotor therapist, occupational therapist, psychologist, orthoptist.

Dysphasia sichingalephereke. Kumbali ina, ikasamaliridwa koyambirira, m'pamenenso amapindula kwambiri ndipo mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto la dysphasia amatha kutsatira maphunziro abwinobwino.